scholarly journals Trends in pesticide suicide in South Korea, 1983–2014

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Shil Cha ◽  
Shu-Sen Chang ◽  
Yeongchull Choi ◽  
Won Jin Lee
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Divorce Rate ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Long Term Trends

Abstract Aims Self-poisoning using pesticides is among the major methods of suicide worldwide, and accounts for one-fifth of suicides in 2006–2010 in South Korea. We investigated long-term trends in pesticide suicide rates in South Korea and factors related to these trends. Methods We calculated age-standardised rates of pesticide suicide in South Korea (1983–2014) using registered death data. We used graphical approach and joinpoint regression analysis to examine secular trends in pesticide suicide by sex, age and area, and a time-series analysis to investigate association of pesticide suicide rate with socioeconomic and agriculture-related factors. Age, period and cohort effects were examined using the intrinsic estimator method. Results Age-standardised rate of pesticide suicide fluctuated between 1983 and 2000 before it markedly increased in 2000–2003 (annual percent change 29.7%), followed by a gradual fall (annual percent change −6.3%) in 2003–2011. Following the paraquat ban (2011–2012), there was a marked reduction (annual percent change −28.2%) in 2011–2014. Trend in pesticide suicide was associated with divorce rate but not with other factors studied. Declines in pesticide suicide in 2003–2011 were most noticeable in younger groups and metropolises; by contrast, elderly adults aged 70+ living in rural areas showed an upward trend until after the 2011–2012 paraquat ban, when it turned downward. In the age–period–cohort modelling, having been born between 1938 and 1947 was associated with higher pesticide suicide rates. Conclusions Pesticide suicide trend changed substantially in South Korea over the last three decades. Effective prevention should include close monitoring of trends and strong regulations of toxic pesticides.

Rural and Urban Suicide in South Korea

2012 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 495-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Ben Park ◽  
David Lester
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Rural And Urban

Suicide rates in 2005 in South Korea were higher in rural areas than in urban areas. Those in rural areas more often used pesticides and chemicals as a method for suicide, and there was a greater proportion of men and the elderly, both groups at higher risk for suicide in South Korea. These three factors may account for the high rural suicide rate in South Korea.

scholarly journals Regional Variation of Suicide Mortality in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5433
Author(s):  
Minjae Choi ◽  
Yo Han Lee
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Regional Variation ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Administrative District ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Representative Data ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Community Health Survey ◽  
Health Related

South Korea’s suicide rate is the highest among the members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. This study seeks to verify regional variation in suicide rates in South Korea and to identify correlating factors. We used age-adjusted suicide rates for 252 administrative districts, and a Community Health Survey, national representative data, and other national representative data such as censuses were used to obtain information on socioeconomic, health related and social integration variables according to each administrative district. Regional variation in suicide rates was analyzed by using Extremal Quotient (EQ), and multiple linear regression analyses were used to investigate associations between variation in suicide rates and regional socioeconomic, public service factors and health related factors. The average suicide rate from 252 regions was 142.7 per 100,000 people. The highest region was Hongchun-gun (217.8) and the lowest was Gwachen-si (75.5). The EQ was 2.89, meaning that there is significant regional variation in suicide rates. Financial independence (β = −0.662, p < 0.001), social welfare budget (β = −0.754, p < 0.001) and divorce rates (β = 17.743, p < 0.001) were significant, along with other adjusted variables. This study suggests considering these factors in order to reduce suicide rates in South Korea.

scholarly journals Rural–Urban Differences in Hospitalizations for Opioid Use–Associated Infective Endocarditis in the United States, 2003–2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Katherine Nenninger ◽  
Jenny L Carwile ◽  
Katherine A Ahrens ◽  
Brett Armstrong ◽  
Kinna Thakarar
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Injection Drug Use ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Urban Populations ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Rural And Urban

Abstract Background The incidence of infective endocarditis, a serious heart infection that can result from injection drug use, has increased in step with the opioid epidemic. Harm reduction services aimed at decreasing infectious complications of injection drug use are limited in rural areas; however, it is unknown whether the burden of opioid use–associated infective endocarditis varies between rural and urban populations. Methods We used 2003–2016 National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample data and joinpoint regression to compare trends in hospitalization for opioid use–associated infective endocarditis between rural and urban populations. Results Rates of US hospitalizations for opioid use–associated infective endocarditis increased from 0.28 to 3.86 per 100 000 rural residents, as compared with 1.26 to 3.49 for urban residents (overall difference in annual percent change P &lt; .01). We observed 2 distinct trend periods, with a period of little change between 2003 and 2009/2010 (annual percent change, 0.0% rural vs –0.08% urban) followed by a large increase in hospitalization rates between 2009/2010 and 2016 (annual percent change, 0.35% rural vs 0.36% urban). Over the study period, opioid use–associated infective endocarditis hospitalizations shifted toward younger age groups for both rural and urban residents, and rural resident hospitalizations increasingly occurred at urban teaching hospitals. For both groups, Medicaid was the most common payer. Conclusions The increase in US hospitalizations for opioid use–associated infective endocarditis over the past decade supports the importance of public health efforts to reduce injection-related infections in both urban and rural areas. Future studies should examine factors affecting the higher increase in rate of these hospitalizations in rural areas.

Nationwide trends in the incidence of orbital lymphoma from 1999 to 2016 in South Korea

2020 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2020-316796
Author(s):  
Su Kyung Jung ◽  
Jiwon Lim ◽  
Suk Woo Yang ◽  
Young-Joo Won
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Orbital Lymphoma

Background/AimsLymphomas are the most frequent neoplasm of the orbit. However, the epidemiology of orbital lymphomas is not well reported. This study aimed to provide a population-based report on the epidemiology of orbital lymphomas and measure the trends in the incidence of orbital lymphoma cancer in South Korea.MethodsNationwide cancer incidence data from 1999 to 2016 were obtained from the Korea Central Cancer Registry. Age-standardised incidence rates and annual percent changes were calculated according to sex and histological types. The analysis according to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results summary stage classifications was performed from 2006 to 2016. Survival rates were estimated for cases diagnosed from 1999 to 2016.ResultsA total of 630 patients (median age: 54 years) with orbital lymphoma in the orbital soft tissue were included in this study. The age-standardised incidence rates increased from 0.03 to 0.08 per 100 000 individuals between 1999 and 2016, with an annual percent change of 6.61%. The most common histopathological type of orbital lymphoma was extra marginal zone B cell lymphoma, accounting for 82.2% of all orbital lymphomas during 1999–2016, followed by diffuse large B cell lymphoma (9.2%). Five-year, 10-year and 15-year overall survival (OS) of orbital lymphoma was 90.8%, 83.8% and 75.8%, respectively. OS showed a significant decrease as age increased and no significant differences between men and women.ConclusionThe incidence rate of orbital lymphoma is very low in South Korea. However, the incidence rate has increased over the past years. Orbital lymphomas have a worse prognosis as age increases.

scholarly journals Indonesian adolescents’ perspectives on smoking habits: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fithria Fithria ◽  
Muhammad Adlim ◽  
Syarifah Rauzatul Jannah ◽  
Teuku Tahlil
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Smoking Prevention ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Effective Prevention

Abstract Background The prevalence of smoking among adolescents is high in Indonesia. Therefore, this qualitative research aimed to explore the perspectives of Muslim adolescents on smoking habits as a reference for developing effective prevention programs. Methods Three focus group discussions involving 24 junior high school male students (mean age = 13.75 years) were the main source of data for this phenomenological qualitative study. The discussion guide was developed by the researchers based on the reviewed literature and validated by experts. The research findings were analyzed using an inductive content analysis with systematic steps based on the stages of qualitative data analysis. Results Adolescent perspectives on smoking were grouped into two themes: perception of smoking and smoking-related factors. The perception of smoking encompassed three sub-themes: smoking as a social habit, contradictive feelings, and the Islamic perspective. The smoking-related factors included peer pressure, the parents’ smoking status, masculinity and curiosity. The results indicated that adolescents consider smoking as a social habit but with contradictory feelings. The smoking habit was also stimulated by peer pressure, imitating parents who smoke, feeling masculine and curiosity. Conclusion We suggest that health professionals who are interested in developing smoking prevention programs in Indonesia should consider the adolescent perspective on smoking so that the prevention program will be more effective and appropriate for adolescents.

scholarly journals Avoidance of Healthcare Utilization in South Korea during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4363
Author(s):  
Minjung Lee ◽  
Myoungsoon You
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Healthcare Utilization ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
First Case ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Health Related

Avoidance of healthcare utilization among the general population during pandemic outbreaks has been observed and it can lead to a negative impact on population health. The object of this study is to examine the influence of socio-demographic and health-related factors on the avoidance of healthcare utilization during the global outbreak of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in 2020. Data were collected through an online survey four weeks after the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) confirmed the first case in South Korea; 1000 subjects were included in the analysis. The logit model for regression was used to analyze the associations between sociodemographic and health-related factors regarding the avoidance of healthcare utilization. Among the participants, 73.2% avoided healthcare utilization, and there was no significant difference in the prevalence of healthcare avoidance between groups with (72.0%) and without (74.9%) an underlying disease. Sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., gender, age, income level, and residential area) were related to healthcare avoidance. Among the investigated influencing factors, residential areas highly affected by COVID-19 (i.e., Daegu/Gyeoungbuk region) had the most significant effect on healthcare avoidance. This study found a high prevalence of healthcare avoidance among the general population who under-utilized healthcare resources during the COVID-19 outbreak. However, the results reveal that not all societal groups share the burden of healthcare avoidance equally, with it disproportionately affecting those with certain sociodemographic characteristics. This study can inform healthcare under-utilization patterns during emerging infectious disease outbreaks and provide information to public health emergency management for implementing strategies necessary to improve the preparedness of the healthcare system.

scholarly journals Trends in Hospital Admissions for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Men and Women in SPAIN, 1998 to 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1529
Author(s):  
Domingo Orozco-Beltrán ◽  
Juan Manuel Arriero-Marin ◽  
Concepción Carratalá-Munuera ◽  
Juan J. Soler-Cataluña ◽  
Adriana Lopez-Pineda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Percent Change

The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is rising faster in women in some countries. An observational time trends study was performed to assess the evolution of hospital admissions for COPD in men and women in Spain from 1998 to 2018. ICD-9 diagnostic codes (490–492, 496) from the minimum basic data set of hospital discharges were used. Age-standardised admission rates were calculated using the European Standard Population. Joinpoint regression models were fitted to estimate the annual percent change (APC). In 2018, the age-standardised admission rate per 100,000 population/year for COPD was five times higher in men (384.8, 95% CI: 381.7, 387.9) than in women (78.6, 95% CI: 77.4, 79.9). The average annual percent change (AAPC) was negative over the whole study period in men (−1.7%/year, 95% CI: −3.1, −0.2) but positive from 2010 to 2018 (1.1%/year, 95% CI: −0.8, 2.9). In women, the APC was −6.0% (95%CI: −7.1, −4.9) from 1998 to 2010, but the trend reversed direction in the 2010–2018 period (7.8%/year, 95% CI: 5.5, 10.2). Thus, admission rates for COPD decreased from 1998 to 2010 in both men and women but started rising again until 2018, modestly in men and sharply in women.

scholarly journals Impact of immediate initiation of antiretroviral therapy among men who have sex with men infected with HIV in Chengdu, southwest China: trends analysis, 2008–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenyao Wu ◽  
Baiyang Zhang ◽  
Zhen Dai ◽  
Qianwen Zheng ◽  
Zhenhua Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southwest China ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Health Information Systems ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Hiv Epidemic ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Treat All

Abstract Background Given the rampant HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Chengdu, southwest China, Treat All policy, defined as immediate antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation after HIV diagnosis, was implemented since 2014. Real-world research evaluating impacts of immediate ART on HIV epidemics is needed to optimize policy-making as national and international guidelines have been lowering ART eligibility threshold. The purpose of this study is to: assess temporal trends of the HIV epidemic and impacts of Treat All policy among MSM; and lay foundation for HIV-related policy evaluation using longitudinal routine data from health information systems. Methods Data used in this study were HIV sentinel seroprevalence, annual reported HIV cases and ART coverage rate among MSM in Chengdu from 2008 to 2018, derived from national HIV/AIDS information system. Temporal trends of the HIV epidemic were described using Joinpoint Regression Program. Interrupted time-series method was deployed to evaluate Treat All policy. Results HIV sentinel seroprevalence rose from 11.20% in 2008 to 17.67% in 2013 and Annual Percent Change (APC) was 8.25% (95% CI − 2.40%, 20.07%), then decreased to 5.17% in 2018 (APC = − 19.63%, 95% CI − 27.54%, − 10.86%). Newly reported HIV cases increased from 168 cases in 2008 to 1232 cases in 2015 (APC = 26.99%, 95% CI 21.32%, 32.93%), and reduced to 1014 cases in 2018 (APC = − 8.80%, 95% CI − 18.45%, 2.01%). ART coverage rate has been climbing from 11.11% in 2008 to 92.29% in 2018 and Average Annual Percent Change was 16.09% (95% CI 11.76%, 20.59%). Results of interrupted time-series models showed that compared to an annual increase of 0.87% during pre-policy period, there was a decline of 3.08% (95% CI − 0.0366%, − 0.0250%) per year of HIV sentinel seroprevalence since 2014; and compared to an annual increase of 116 cases before 2014, there was an annual drop of 158 newly reported HIV cases (95% CI − 194.87%, − 121.69%) during the post-policy period. Conclusions Immediate ART after HIV diagnosis could potentially curb HIV transmission at population level among MSM, along with other strategies. Future assessment of HIV prevention and control policy can be carried out using routinely collected longitudinal data from health information systems.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Treatment, and Associated Factors of Hypertension in Spain: A Comparative Study between Populations

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo Corbatón-Anchuelo ◽  
María Teresa Martínez-Larrad ◽  
Náyade del Prado-González ◽  
Cristina Fernández-Pérez ◽  
Rafael Gabriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Living Area

The prevalence and related factors of hypertensive subjects according to the resident area (rural versus urban) were investigated in two population-based studies from Spain. Medical questionnaires were administered and anthropometrics were measured, using standardized protocols. Hypertension was diagnosed in pharmacology treated subjects or those with blood pressure (BP) ≥140/90 mm Hg. Regarding BP control, it was defined as under control if BP was <140/90 or <140/85 mm Hg in type 2 diabetic subjects. Information on educational status, social class, smoking habit, and alcohol intake was obtained. 3,816 subjects (54.38 % women) were included. Prevalence of diagnosed hypertension was higher in women and showed no differences according to the living area (men: urban 21.88 versus rural 21.92 %, p = 0.986; women: urban 28.73 versus rural 30.01 %, p = 0.540). Women living in rural areas and men with secondary or tertiary education levels had a lower probability of being BP uncontrolled (OR (95 % CI): 0.501 (0.258–0.970)/p=0.040, 0.245 (0.092–0.654)/p=0.005, and 0.156 (0.044–0.549)/p=0.004, respectively). Urban young men (31-45 years) and medium aged women (46-60 years) were less BP controlled than their rural counterparts (41.30 versus 65.79 %/p=0.025 and 35.24 versus 53.27 %/p=0.002, respectively).

scholarly journals Tendência temporal da hanseníase em uma capital do Nordeste do Brasil: epidemiologia e análise por pontos de inflexão, 2001 a 2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Lima Brito ◽  
Lorena Dias Monteiro ◽  
Alberto Novaes Ramos Junior ◽  
Jorg Heukelbach ◽  
Carlos Henrique Alencar
Keyword(s):  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Percent Change

RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar aspectos epidemiológicos e tendência temporal da hanseníase, no município de Fortaleza, Ceará, de 2001 a 2012. Foram registrados 9.658 casos novos cuja tendência foi analisada pelo modelo de regressão do joinpoint . O coeficiente de detecção geral apresentou tendência decrescente, com annual percent change (APC) de -4,0 e intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%) -5,6 - -2,3. O coeficiente de detecção em menores de 15 anos de idade (APC = -1,4; IC95% -5,4 - 2,8) e o coeficiente de detecção de grau 2 de incapacidade (APC = -0,8; IC95% -4,5 - 3,1) foram estáveis. A proporção do sexo feminino foi decrescente (APC = -1,5; IC95% -2,3 - -0,8). As proporções de casos multibacilares a partir de 2005 até 2012 (APC = 1,4; IC95% 0,6 - 2,3) e, dentre eles, de casos virchowianos a partir de 2004 até 2012 (APC = 6,0; IC95% 3,4 - 8,6) foram crescentes. Houve estabilidade na proporção de casos com grau 1 (APC = 1,4; IC95% -0,9 - 3,7) e grau 2 de incapacidade (APC = 3,7; IC95% -0,1 - 7,8). Apesar da tendência à redução na detecção geral, mantém-se a dinâmica de transmissão no município, além de sinalizar para diagnóstico tardio.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document