Trilobite Larvae, Larval Ecology and Developmental Paleobiology

1990 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 137-156
Author(s):  
Stephen E. Speyer ◽  
Brian D.E. Chatterton
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Biological Synthesis ◽  
Larval Ecology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Growing Body

Since Barrande (1852) first illustrated a trilobite larva, aspects of trilobite ontogeny and early development have received a great deal of attention (see Beecher, 1895; Størmer, 1942; Whittington, 1957; Hu, 1971; Chatterton, 1980). Much of this literature, however, is purely descriptive and very little has been done to incorporate these works into a biological synthesis. During the past several decades a great deal has been learned about the role of larval ecology in monitoring biogeographic distributions, cohort survivorship and taxonomic longevity among modern marine invertebrates. This growing body of knowledge has provided the basis for many new insights regarding patterns of extinction and survivorship and macroevolution evident within the fossil record (see Jablonski, 1986; Jablonski and Lutz, 1983).

The Role of Participatory Action Research in Aboriginal Education

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
A-K Eckermann ◽  
D. Roberts ◽  
G. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Aboriginal Education ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
The Past ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
The Status

In the past researchers have been carrying out such political acts in the firm belief that if we study something long enough, with sufficient disciplines and controls, then we will find “reality” and “truth”, then we will carry out studies which have scientific merit, which will contribute to the growing body of knowledge about how societies work. But research is generally carried out by fairly powerful people on those less powerful. In the process the powerless frequently become even more powerless because, as Guba and Lincoln (1989:125) argue:Science, by asking only certain questions maintains (or reinforces) the status quo; it asks those questions that have been formulated by its own theories, and never takes account of the emic [outsider] formulations of its "subjects". We would argue that conventional science is as a result a force for disenfranchisement and disempowerment, for maintaining the status quo.

An Examination of Women's Perspectives on Power

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia L. Miller ◽  
A. Gaye Cummins
Keyword(s):  
Women’S Experiences ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Women's Experiences ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Personal Authority ◽  
Women’S Perceptions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Men's Experience ◽  
The Way

Historically, theoretical and popular conceptions about power have not included or addressed women's experiences. This study adds to the growing body of knowledge about women by examining women's perceptions of and relationship to power. One hundred twenty-five women, ranging in age from 21 to 63, were asked to define and explore power through a variety of structured and open-ended questions. The results showed that women's definition of power differed significantly from their perception of society's definition of power, as well as from the way power has traditionally been conceptualized. More theoretical and empirical attention should be given to understanding the role of personal authority in both women's and men's experience of power.

International Mediation in Africa: Experiences and Challenges

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-430
Author(s):  
Vasu Gounden
Keyword(s):  
Mediation Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
International Mediation ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Mediation Processes ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Deep Body

AbstractAlthough informal and traditionally driven practices of mediation have existed for many generations, institutionalized and African-driven mediation became more important following the end of the Cold War. Mediation initiatives undertaken over the past 25 years, partly as a consequence of the increase in intra-state conflicts on the continent, have resulted in the generation of a deep body of knowledge and the evolution of a community of practitioners. This article examines two of the first post-1990 African-driven mediation processes – the Arusha Peace Process for Burundi and the Inter-Congolese Dialogue (icd) for the Democratic Republic of the Congo (drc) – to highlight key lessons that emerged, including the choice of mediator, who to include in the mediation, the impact of regional and international dynamics on the mediation, the importance and challenges of addressing the root causes of the conflict in a mediation process, and the role of non-state actors and Track ii diplomacy.

Evolutionary paleoecology: recent contributions to evolutionary theory

Paleobiology ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Kitchell
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Theory ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Differential Rate ◽  
Faunal Turnover ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Evolutionary Consequences ◽  
Theoretical Issues ◽  
Species Ecology

In the past decade, evolutionary paleoecology has shifted away from corroborative research of the “me-too-ecology” type toward its proper domain—the evolutionary consequences of ecological properties, roles, and strategies at the individual, population, community, and species levels. The science of evolutionary paleoecology tests for linkage between a species' ecology and its macroevolutionary history. Do the ecological characters of species within clades influence differential rate dynamics, particularly rates of faunal turnover and diversification? Intellectual coequality, once hampered by the misunderstanding that the role of paleoecology is to find examples of past ecology imperfectly entombed in the fossil record, is strengthened by the increasing number of evolutionary ecologists who have called for explicit paleontological contributions to resolve theoretical issues. The fossil record provides a necessary perspective to an understanding of process.

scholarly journals Future directions for screening and treatment in congenital hearing loss

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-186
Author(s):  
Ryan K Thorpe ◽  
Richard J H Smith
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Newborn Hearing Screening ◽  
Congenital Hearing Loss ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Newborn Hearing

Abstract Hearing loss is the most common neurosensory deficit. It results from a variety of heritable and acquired causes and is linked to multiple deleterious effects on a child's development that can be ameliorated by prompt identification and individualized therapies. Diagnosing hearing loss in newborns is challenging, especially in mild or progressive cases, and its management requires a multidisciplinary team of healthcare providers comprising audiologists, pediatricians, otolaryngologists, and genetic counselors. While physiologic newborn hearing screening has resulted in earlier diagnosis of hearing loss than ever before, a growing body of knowledge supports the concurrent implementation of genetic and cytomegalovirus testing to offset the limitations inherent to a singular screening modality. In this review, we discuss the contemporary role of screening for hearing loss in newborns as well as future directions in its diagnosis and treatment.

scholarly journals Mitochondria and Cancer: Past, Present, and Future

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Verschoor ◽  
R. Ungard ◽  
A. Harbottle ◽  
J. P. Jakupciak ◽  
R. L. Parr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomics ◽  
The Past ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Metabolic Interactions ◽  
Nuclear Cell ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Generation Sequencing

The area of mitochondrial genomics has undergone unprecedented growth over the past several years. With the advent of the age of omics, investigations have reached beyond the nucleus to encompass the close biological communication and finely coordinated interactions between mitochondria and their nuclear cell mate. Application of this holistic approach, to all metabolic interactions within the cell, is providing a more complete understanding of the molecular transformation of the cell from normal to malignant behavior, before histopathological indications are evident. In this review the surging momentum in mitochondrial science, as it relates to cancer, is described in three progressive perspectives: (1) Past: the historical contributions to current directions of research; (2) Present: Contemporary findings, results and approaches to mitochondria and cancer, including the role of next generation sequencing and proteomics; (3) Future: Based on the present body of knowledge, the potential assets and benefits of mitochondrial research are projected into the near future.

scholarly journals The New Business of Football: A Study of Current and Aspirant Football Club Managers

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 515-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Morrow ◽  
Brian Howieson
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Business Context ◽  
The Past ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Football Clubs ◽  
New Business

Professional football (soccer) in Europe has changed dramatically in the past two decades, largely due to the escalation of media rights deals. Many professional football clubs are now complex businesses, intrinsically concerned with financial matters. Within the rapidly changing business context of football, the aim of this research is to further understand the main issues that are related to a career as a manager. This paper has five sections: (1) we offer an appraisal of the general literature as it applies to professional football management; (2) we introduce the theoretical focus of the article with specific reference to the “career” and describe the context and background to the research; (3) we describe the research methodology and present and discuss the research results, which center on the career development of the manager; the position of a manager in organizational structures, and how the changing organization affects the role of manager; (4) we set out the conclusions and implications of our research; and (5) we offer our plans to progress this research, enabling a new body of knowledge to be developed on this specialized role.

scholarly journals Computer-assisted classification of contrarian claims about climate change

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis G. Coan ◽  
Constantine Boussalis ◽  
John Cook ◽  
Mirjam O. Nanko
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Science ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Think Tank ◽  
Detailed History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
History Of

AbstractA growing body of scholarship investigates the role of misinformation in shaping the debate on climate change. Our research builds on and extends this literature by (1) developing and validating a comprehensive taxonomy of climate contrarianism, (2) conducting the largest content analysis to date on contrarian claims, (3) developing a computational model to accurately classify specific claims, and (4) drawing on an extensive corpus from conservative think-tank (CTTs) websites and contrarian blogs to construct a detailed history of claims over the past 20 years. Our study finds that the claims utilized by CTTs and contrarian blogs have focused on attacking the integrity of climate science and scientists and, increasingly, has challenged climate policy and renewable energy. We further demonstrate the utility of our approach by exploring the influence of corporate and foundation funding on the production and dissemination of specific contrarian claims.

Women Entrepreneurship in Turkey as an Emerging Economy

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-62
Author(s):  
Ayşegül Özbebek Tunç ◽  
Deniz Palalar Alkan
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Emerging Economy ◽  
Turkish Women ◽  
Women Entrepreneurship ◽  
Related Literature ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Growing Body

There is a growing body of research conducted on entrepreneurship and the importance of globalization, and its effect on emerging markets also plays a role in excelling entrepreneurial studies. In this chapter, the authors introduce the concept of entrepreneurship and then discuss the trends that are shaping startups and the role of women entrepreneurs in an emerging economy. They lay out the past, current, and future predictions on profiling Turkish women entrepreneurs and will support such prediction with reports. The essential objective of this chapter is to explore the overall position of entrepreneurial conditions for women in Turkey. From this aspect, this chapter may provide a basis for future studies and contribute to related literature and practical studies. The strength of this study is to present some practical projections about this field so that it combines theoretical and practical studies in the past and current with foresights for future.

scholarly journals Presence of the Past: Digital Narrative of the Dennys Lascelles Concrete Wool Store; Geelong, Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1395
Author(s):  
Md Mizanur Rashid ◽  
Chin Koi Khoo ◽  
Sofija Kaljevic ◽  
Surabhi Pancholi
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Place ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
Historical Discourse ◽  
The Past ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Digital Heritage ◽  
Digital Narrative ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Recreation of the past—of historical buildings—sits at the intersection of the spatio-temporal manifestation of cultural memories, socio-cultural meanings, values, and identity remolds, and refines the existing understanding and sense of place. Digital technologies have become a popular tool in recreation of the past by creating a new body of knowledge and historical discourse based on identifying the gaps within our written histories. Designers and policymakers around the world have been exploring various tools and technologies, such as diachronic modeling, yet there is a gap in evidence-based understanding regarding the actual functioning and success of applications for placemaking. This paper, therefore, sets out to scrutinize the role of digital technologies in facilitating digital placemaking. To do so, it investigates the potential of a new “digital heritage” narrative in the revival of the lost architectural narrative of the Dennys Lascelles wool store, Geelong. The proposed paper aims to investigate the potential of a new “digital heritage” narrative and storytelling as a means towards a digital placemaking framework. While exploring the new and unique capabilities provided by the digital narrative in capturing, simulating, and disseminating lost heritage, it will further imbue a sense of place by connecting the everyday city dweller.

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