scholarly journals The New Business of Football: A Study of Current and Aspirant Football Club Managers

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 515-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Morrow ◽  
Brian Howieson
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Business Context ◽  
The Past ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Football Clubs ◽  
New Business

Professional football (soccer) in Europe has changed dramatically in the past two decades, largely due to the escalation of media rights deals. Many professional football clubs are now complex businesses, intrinsically concerned with financial matters. Within the rapidly changing business context of football, the aim of this research is to further understand the main issues that are related to a career as a manager. This paper has five sections: (1) we offer an appraisal of the general literature as it applies to professional football management; (2) we introduce the theoretical focus of the article with specific reference to the “career” and describe the context and background to the research; (3) we describe the research methodology and present and discuss the research results, which center on the career development of the manager; the position of a manager in organizational structures, and how the changing organization affects the role of manager; (4) we set out the conclusions and implications of our research; and (5) we offer our plans to progress this research, enabling a new body of knowledge to be developed on this specialized role.

scholarly journals Taking Lead for Sustainability: Environmental Managers as Institutional Entrepreneurs

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 4022
Author(s):  
Pernilla Gluch ◽  
Stina Månsson
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Life Stories ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Critical Events ◽  
Institutional Entrepreneurship ◽  
Institutional Practices ◽  
Institutional Entrepreneurs ◽  
The Past

Over the past two decades, sustainability professionals have entered the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry. However, little attention has been given to the actual professionalization processes of these and the leadership conducted by them when shaping the pace and direction for sustainable development. With the aim to explore how the role of sustainability professionals develops, critical events affecting everyday sustainability work practices were identified. Based on a phenomenological study with focus on eight experienced environmental managers’ life stories, and by applying the theoretical lens of institutional entrepreneurship, the study displays a professionalization process in six episodes. Different critical events both enabled and disabled environmental managers’ opportunity to engage in institutional entrepreneurship. The findings indicate how agency is closely interrelated to temporary discourses in society; they either serve to support change and create new institutional practices towards enhanced sustainability or disrupt change when agency to act is temporarily “lost”. To manage a continually changing environment, environmental managers adopt different strategies depending on the situated context and time, such as finding ambassadors and interorganizational allies, mobilizing resources, creating organizational structures, and repositioning themselves.

scholarly journals Institutional changes in Hungarian environmental policy between 1998 and 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-50
Author(s):  
Emőke Kiss ◽  
István Fazekas
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
The Past ◽  
Institutional System ◽  
The Government

Abstract A country’s economic situation, its political establishment, and the prevailing environmental conditions have a significant impact on the institutional system required for efficient environmental protection measures. During our work, we reviewed the institutional changes and legislation regarding environmental protection which have occurred over the past 20 years as well as the role of changes in the government. In summary, it can be concluded that significant changes occurred during the past two decades. The names, organizational structures, operations, and scopes of ministries have undergone regular changes over the years. In Hungary, there has been no separate ministry of the environment since 2010, and this area is regulated only on the state secretary level. In contrast, in the V4 countries and the Carpathian Basin, environmental protection is regulated on the ministry level.

scholarly journals Book Review: The Role of the Electronic Resources Librarian

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Jennifer Murray
Keyword(s):  
Academic Libraries ◽  
Electronic Materials ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Online Environment ◽  
Electronic Resource ◽  
Skill Sets ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current Trends

The eight chapters covered in this text give a detailed history about how the role of electronic resource (e-resource) librarians (ERLs) has evolved over the past several decades as libraries have shifted to an online environment. It covers the challenges faced from 1992 when the ERL title was first used, to 2019 where academic libraries are still a hybrid of print and electronic materials. The book is organized into eight chapters with three appendixes. The introduction gives a brief overview on the development of ERLs and a clear synopsis of chapters, which are a nice progression of how the ERL position has developed since the 1990s; how it has been represented in organizational structures across academic libraries; how it has handled a variety of obstacles (technology, expanding skill sets, budget constraints, etc.); and how it maps to current trends in managing e-resources.

scholarly journals Islamic Investment Sukuk Between Malaysia and Egypt: A Juristic Comparative Study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
International Journal of Fiqh and Usul al-Fiqh Studies
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Past ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Supreme Council ◽  
Islamic Investment

In this research, the researchers attempt to illustrate the linguistic and terminological meanings of Sukuk. They also want to point out their importance in financing major projects. Additionally, they try to recall the role of Islamic Sukuk in the contemporary world. This role will be shown by comparing between Sukuk in Malaysia and Egypt. This research will determine the historical stages through which the project of Sukuk in the Arab Republic of Egypt has passed. It will also explain Al-Azhar's response to the Sukuk project in the past, and show that currently, Islamic Sukuk is the only ideal mechanism for large projects in Egypt. A study will be conducted on the full text of the remarks made by the Supreme Council of Scholars in Al-Azhar on the Islamic Sukuk law. As for the research methodology, the researchers will follow two basic methods in this study: first, the inductive method to extract the related information from the sources; second, analytical method to analyze those information and compare between the two countries Malaysia and Egypt.

International Mediation in Africa: Experiences and Challenges

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-430
Author(s):  
Vasu Gounden
Keyword(s):  
Mediation Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
International Mediation ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Mediation Processes ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Deep Body

AbstractAlthough informal and traditionally driven practices of mediation have existed for many generations, institutionalized and African-driven mediation became more important following the end of the Cold War. Mediation initiatives undertaken over the past 25 years, partly as a consequence of the increase in intra-state conflicts on the continent, have resulted in the generation of a deep body of knowledge and the evolution of a community of practitioners. This article examines two of the first post-1990 African-driven mediation processes – the Arusha Peace Process for Burundi and the Inter-Congolese Dialogue (icd) for the Democratic Republic of the Congo (drc) – to highlight key lessons that emerged, including the choice of mediator, who to include in the mediation, the impact of regional and international dynamics on the mediation, the importance and challenges of addressing the root causes of the conflict in a mediation process, and the role of non-state actors and Track ii diplomacy.

Children Climate Change Activism and Protests in Africa: Reflections and Lessons From Greta Thunberg

2021 ◽  
pp. 027046762110496
Author(s):  
Kelvin Zhanda ◽  
Munyaradzi A Dzvimbo ◽  
Leonard Chitongo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
The Past ◽  
Climate Policies ◽  
Climate Action ◽  
Regional Organisations ◽  
National Governments ◽  
Document Review

This article is based on a distinctive study that seeks to analyse the nascent role of teenagers’ activism and protests for climate change action. With the increasing realisation of children's rights to participation, the past few years have marked the rise of the new dispensation of climate activism and protests in which teenagers have occupied the centre stage. We pay specific reference to Greta Thunberg, a Swedish child climate activist, in as much as she can set a framework upon which Africa can draw parallels, lessons and insights for climate activism and protests. Even though the context may be different, the paper attempts to inform vibrant climate action through activism by children and ultimately climate policies, laws and management for environmental sustainability in Africa. We engaged document review and thematic approaches, and it emerged that children climate activism and protests in Africa are not as vibrant as they should be given the prevalence of climate inaction across the continent. Therefore, there is much to learn from Thunberg by pushing national governments and regional organisations to increase the decision-making space of children in the fight against climate change.

scholarly journals Preserving and Extending the Commodification of Football Supporter Relations: A Cultural Economy of Supporters Direct

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Kennedy ◽  
Peter Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Football Clubs ◽  
British Labour ◽  
And Control ◽  
Football Industry

This paper examines the role of Supporters Direct, a sports policy initiative launched by the British Labour government in 2000. The objective of Supporters Direct is to democratise football clubs by intervening in what it views as the unequal relationship that exists between the relatively powerless supporters of football clubs and private shareholders who have organisational control of clubs. They hope to achieve this by facilitating mutual forms of ownership and control of clubs via supporters’ trusts. With respect to this objective, established research concerning Supporters Direct emphasises this initiative as an inherently progressive development for the football industry. The aim of this paper is to situate the development of Supporters Direct in the wider context of the British Labour Government's policy of social inclusion. On the basis of a textual analysis that draws on current literature in the area of culture and economy - with specific reference to processes of commodification - we reveal an alternative view of Supporters Direct. The Supporters Direct initiative, we conclude, is an integral part of a social policy aimed at the preservation and extension of commodified social relations.

scholarly journals Mitochondria and Cancer: Past, Present, and Future

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Verschoor ◽  
R. Ungard ◽  
A. Harbottle ◽  
J. P. Jakupciak ◽  
R. L. Parr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomics ◽  
The Past ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Metabolic Interactions ◽  
Nuclear Cell ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Generation Sequencing

The area of mitochondrial genomics has undergone unprecedented growth over the past several years. With the advent of the age of omics, investigations have reached beyond the nucleus to encompass the close biological communication and finely coordinated interactions between mitochondria and their nuclear cell mate. Application of this holistic approach, to all metabolic interactions within the cell, is providing a more complete understanding of the molecular transformation of the cell from normal to malignant behavior, before histopathological indications are evident. In this review the surging momentum in mitochondrial science, as it relates to cancer, is described in three progressive perspectives: (1) Past: the historical contributions to current directions of research; (2) Present: Contemporary findings, results and approaches to mitochondria and cancer, including the role of next generation sequencing and proteomics; (3) Future: Based on the present body of knowledge, the potential assets and benefits of mitochondrial research are projected into the near future.

scholarly journals Professional Clubs as Platforms in Multi-Sided Markets in Times of COVID-19: The Role of Spectators and Atmosphere in Live Football

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2312
Author(s):  
Elisa Herold ◽  
Felix Boronczyk ◽  
Christoph Breuer
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Network Effects ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Football Clubs ◽  
Game Outcome ◽  
Emotional Value ◽  
Betting Odds

In-stadium spectators affect the emotional value and atmosphere of sport live broadcasts. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, in Europe, the presence of in-stadium spectators, however, was suspended until further notice. Conceptualizing professional clubs as economic platforms, network effects due to the lack of in-stadium spectators may affect stakeholders’ utility. Thus, the main aims of this study are to examine the influence of missing in-stadium spectators for professional clubs by investigating network effects on (1) TV viewers’ emotional arousal and (2) TV viewers’ attention towards sponsor messages during live football broadcasts. Using a quantitative research design, a controlled lap was conducted, and broadcasts were presented to n = 26 highly involved participants. Heart rate, eye-tracking, and betting odds data served as measurements of arousal, attention, and game outcome uncertainty and were aggregated on a second-by-second basis (k = 140,400). Multilevel regression analysis showed significant differences in viewers’ arousal and attention to sponsors, contingent on the presence of in-stadium spectators and game outcome uncertainty. The presence of in-stadium spectators increased arousal, while attention towards sponsor messages decreased, depending on game outcome uncertainty. Based on the presence of network effects, implications to sustainably adapting professional football clubs’ business models based on stakeholders’ different interests can be given.

scholarly journals Implementasi Peran Serta Masyarakat Dalam Pembentukan Peraturan Daerah Di Kota Makassar

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-158
Author(s):  
Muhammad Al Habsy Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Community Participation ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Community Knowledge ◽  
Local Regulation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Legal Structure ◽  
Main Thing ◽  
The City

Tujuan Penelitian untuk menganalisa implementasi Peran serta masyarakat dalam Pembentukan Peraturan daerah di Kota Makassar. Metode penelitian adalah Penulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian empiric. Hasil Penelitian, implementasi peran serta masyarakat dalam Pembentukan Peraturan daerah di Kota Makassar belum terimplementasi dengan baik. Hal ini didasarkan bahwa dalam kurun waktu 5 tahun terakhir terhitung sejak 2010 sampai dengan 2015 sebanyak 46 peraturan daerah telah dibentuk dan hanya 3 peraturan daerah yang melibatkan masyarakat dalam pembentukan peraturan daerah tersebut. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi implementasi Peran serta masyarakat dalam Pembentukan Peraturan daerah di Kota Makassar adalah faktor pendidikan, faktor pekerjaan, faktor substansi hukum, faktor struktur hukum dan faktor pengetahuan masyarakat. Faktor tersebut menjadi hal utama dalam teralisasinya suatu peraturan daerah dengan baik khususnya peraturan daerah kota Makassar. Research Objectives to analyze the implementation of the community in the formation of regional regulation in the city of Makassar The approach is writing it uses research methodology empirical. The result of the research, research methodology is writtend for implementation the role of the community in the formation of regulation areas in the city makassar not allowed well. The results of the study, the implementation of community participation in the formation of local regulations in Makassar City has not been implemented well. This is based on that in the past 5 years from 2010 to 2015 46 regional regulations have been formed and only 3 regional regulations have involved the community in the formation of these regional regulations. Factors that influence the implementation of community participation in the formation of local regulations in Makassar City are education, employment, legal substance, legal structure and community knowledge. These factors become the main thing in the realization of a local regulation properly, especially the Makassar city regional regulation

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