Zinc deficiency is an independent risk factor for prehypertension in healthy subjects

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara C. Nevárez-López ◽  
Luis E. Simental-Mendía ◽  
Fernando Guerrero-Romero ◽  
Jorge A. Burciaga-Nava
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Abstract. Objective: To assess whether zinc deficiency is associated with prehypertension (preHTN) in apparently healthy subjects. Design: Apparently healthy women and men, aged 20 to 60 years were enrolled into a case-control study. Individuals with and without preHTN were allocated into the case and control groups, respectively. Hypertension, liver disease, renal disease, smoking, pregnancy, diabetes, malignancy, hypernatremia, hypomagnesemia, medical treatment, and use of supplements containing zinc were exclusion criteria. PreHTN was defined by systolic blood pressure (SBP) and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 120–139 mmHg and/or of 80–89 mmHg, respectively, and the zinc deficiency by serum zinc levels < 74 μg/dL in men and < 70 μg/dL in women. Results: In total, 142 subjects (90 women and 52 men) were enrolled and allocated in the case (n = 71) and control (n = 71) groups. In the overall population, the frequency of zinc deficiency was 11.1%; individuals in the case group showed significant higher frequency of zinc deficiency as compared with the control group (16.9% vs 5.5%, p = 0.04). The logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between zinc deficiency and preHTN (OR = 4.61; 95% CI: 1.24–17.12, p = 0.02). Conclusion: Our results suggest that zinc deficiency is associated with the presence of preHTN in apparently healthy subjects.

A Case-Control Study on the p73 G4A Gene Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Breast Cancer in an Iranian Population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab TAVAKKOL AFSHARI ◽  
Zahra GHOLIZADEH ◽  
Amin Reza NIKPOOR ◽  
Jalil TAVAKKOL AFSHARI ◽  
Rashin GANJALI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Background: The tumor protein p73 (TP73) is a homolog of TP53 family. Ectopic p73 overexpression largely mimics p53 activities as a tumor suppressor and activates the transcription of p53-responsive genes and as a result induce apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate the association between p73 G4A polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer in a northeastern Iranian population. Methods: This case-control study was performed on 105 patients who admitted in educational hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran during 2013-2015, with breast cancer as case group and 120 healthy women as the control group. PCR-CTPP method was used to investigate the relationship between the p73 G4A polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer. Results: There was no significant association between the AA genotype of the p73 G4A polymorphism and breast cancer in case and control groups. Although G allele frequency was higher in the case group, the abundance of this allele between case and control groups was not statistically meaningful and, as a result, not associated with the risk of breast cancer in this study group. Conclusion: There was no association between G4A p73 polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer in a northeastern Iranian population.  

scholarly journals Relationship between small for gestational age and aortic intima-media thickness in newborns

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Bayu Alfarizi ◽  
Ria Nova ◽  
Julniar Mawardi Tasli ◽  
Theodorus Theodorus
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
And Control ◽  
Aortic Intima ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Background Small for gestational age (SGA) has been associatedwith adult cardiovascular disease. Small for gestational agenewborns may undergo early aortic wall intima-media thickening(aIMT) in utero.Objective To determine the relationship between SGA as a riskfactor for increased aIMT, as a sign of atherosclerosis onset.Methods We conducted a case-control study in the Neonatal Wardand Rooming-in Nursery at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital,Palembang, between April to June 2012. Subjects were allocatedto either the case group (aIMT 2: 0.9 mm) or to the controlgroup (aIMT <0.9 mm). Newborns were classified as SGA iftheir birthweight (BW) was < l O'h percentile, and appropriatefor gestational age (AGA) if their BW was between lQth - 90'hpercentile, according to the Lubchenco curve. Abdominal aorticintima-media thickness was measured by echocardiographyexamination.Results The case and control groups consisted of 30 n ewbornseach. The proportion of SGA newborns was higher in the casegroup than the control group. The likelihood of infants in the casegroup being SGA was significantly higher compared to the controlgroup, with odds ratio of 10.8 (95%CI 3,26 to 35, 72) . The meanaIMT was significantly higher in SGA than in AGA infants, 0.9(SD 0.16) mm vs. 0.8 (SD 0.13) mm, respectively, with a meandifference of 0, 13 (9 5% CI 0, 050 to 0,209 mm; P"" 0,02).Conclusion Increased aIMT is more likely found in SGA newborns.

scholarly journals The lower methylation of RANK is associated with osteoporosis in male aged general population of Xinjiang: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junjing Shang ◽  
Hong xiang ◽  
Xue Bai ◽  
Buluhan Halan ◽  
Hongmei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
General Population ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Methylation Rate ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background RANK is a candidate gene for osteoporosis on both functional and genetic grounds. The study is to investigate the relationships between the methylation of RANK and osteoporosis in aged general population. Methods On the basis of an epidemiological investigation, we detect for methylation CpGs in promoter of RANK in 32 aged subjects (16 males and 16 females) firstly. Secondly, after considering the relationships among osteoporosis and the methylation rate of identified CpGs in male and female subjects, the selected representatives CpGs were detected in 90 male aged general subjects (43 controls and 47 cases) by bisulfite sequencing. Then a case-control study is conducted. Results Age and the prevalence of diabetes were significantly difference between the case patients and control individuals (P = 0. 025, P = 0. 005)., There was no statistical significance between the case group and the control group for the following values: systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, 25-dihydroxyvitaminD3, folic acid, testosterone, creatinine, serum calcium concentration, and the prevalence of smoking, drinking and hypertension (P > 0.05). The methylation rate of RANK in control group was significant higher than that in osteoporosis group (P < 0.001). In addition, by covariance analysis to adjust age, prevalence of smoking, drinking, hypertension, and diabetes, the methylation rate of RANK in control group was significant higher than that in osteoporosis group in male aged general population of Xinjiang (P = 0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors (age, smoking, drinking, and diabetes), multivariate logistic regression analysis also showed that lower methylation of RNAK gene were significantly associated with osteoporosis (OR = 0.930, 95% CI = 0.886–0.976) Conclusions The lower methylation rate of RANK was associated with osteoporosis in male aged general population of Xinjiang. This confirms that lower methylation of RANK might be involved in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis

scholarly journals Factors of Incidence of Hypertension in Southwest Sumba

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-96
Author(s):  
Apliana Lupu Kaka ◽  
Johny A.R Salmun ◽  
Agus Setyo Budi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
A Value ◽  
Control Research ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Hypertension in conditions when blood pressure is at a value of 130/80 mmHg or more with the number of cases experiencing an increase from 2016-2018, Tana Mete Village, Kodi Balaghar District. in 2016 there were 880 (8.8%), cases in 2017 were 2,580 (25.8%) cases and in 2018 there were 3. 410 (34.1%) cases. Hypertension in influenced by factors of age, smoking habits, stress, and alcohol consumption. This study aims to analyze the relationship between age, smoking habits, stress, and alcohol comsuption. This research is an analytic observational research with a case control research design. The number of cases in Tana Mete Village, Kodi Balaghar District, Southwest Sumba Regency was 220 (22%) and the sample was 80 respondents and divided into two groups, namely the case and control group, the case group was 40 respondents and the control group was 40 respondents. These variables have been analyzed univariately and bivariately, the results of this study incidate that there are three risk factor variables for the incidence of hypertentsion. Namely age with a value p= 0.003, OR=4.059 (95% CI: 1.568-10.510), smoking habits with a value p=0.001, OR: 6.378 (95%CI:2.280-17.842), stress with a value of p=0.014, OR: 3.095 (95%CI: 3.095-7.706) while the variable alcohol comsumption has no relationship with the value of p=0.133. To prevent the occurrence of hypertension, the activities undertaken include avoiding smoking, stress and taking time for recreation.

scholarly journals ROLE OF SERUM ZINC LEVEL IN CHILDREN WITH FEBRILE CONVULSIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Laxminarayan Nagal ◽  
Dr Jagdish Dabi ◽  
Dr. Harish Kumar Mourya
Keyword(s):  
Febrile Seizure ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Zinc Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Zinc Level ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Febrile Convulsions ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
And Control

Background: The aim of the present study was to determine whether there were any changes in serum zinc level in children with febrile seizure in comparison with febrile children without seizure. Methods: A prospective observational study was done on 100 children, admitted in a tertiary care centre. Of these 50 children were diagnosed to have febrile convulsions. The other 50 were febrile children without seizures. Serum zinc levels were measured in all 100 subjects using calorimetric methods. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22. Results: In present study, we studied 50 children (36 males, 14 females) with febrile seizure and a control group of 50 patients (37 male, 13 female). The mean ages of patients in the febrile seizure and control group were 25.01±14.07 months and 26.07±13.6 months, respectively. Mean zinc level was 69.78±13.13mcg/dl and 80.72±10.21 mcg/dl in study and control groups respectively and this difference was found statistically highly significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Our findings revealed that serum zinc level was significantly lower in children with febrile seizure in comparison with children without seizure. Keywords: febrile seizure, children, epilepsy.

scholarly journals The Effect of Face-to-Face Education and Educational Booklet on Heart Health Indexes of the Hospitalized Patients with Myocardial Infarction

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safar Ali Esmaeili Vardanjani ◽  
Laleh Fanisaberi ◽  
Firozeh Alirezaee Shahraki ◽  
Ahmad Khalilzadeh ◽  
Abdolazim Tavakoli Vardanjani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Heart Health ◽  
And Control

Management of risk factors and heart health indexes in the patients who have been diagnosed with myocardial infarction will result in prevention of secondary myocardial infarction, reduction of postimprovement mortality, increase of life span and improvement of life quality. Patient education has been found to be one of the most fundamental and essential care programs on the basis of identification and control of the patients’ health criteria. The study is a quasi-experimental research consisting of two groups. In this study, 112 patients with myocardial infarction who were below the age of 70 were selected randomly and divided into two groups (case group and control group) after being matched based on age and sex. The researcher first measured the health indexes including smoking, cholesterol level, body mass, level of anxiety, and amount of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients who have been diagnosed with myocardial infarction for the first time. He performed education program in case group and analyzed the said variables after four months. He also compared the behaviors in the two groups after being educated. The data was analyzed by SPSS software, version 15 (This product is licensed to FeFDBi, ABiComputer, 1337), and the two groups were compared by using appropriate statistical tests. According to the results, after education period, systolic blood pressure of the case group improves compared with control group (P<0.05/P=0.022), case group tends to quit smoking more than control group does (P=0.013), cholesterol level of case group improves compared with control group (P<0.0001), changes of body mass are more positive in case group compared with control group(P=0.012), and anxiety of case group reduces compared with control group (P<0.0001).

scholarly journals Comparison of Maternal Functioning between Iranian Mothers with and without Depressive Symptoms: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3350
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Karami Chamgurdani ◽  
Jennifer L. Barkin ◽  
Carolann L. Curry ◽  
Mojgan Mirghafourvand
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Maternal Functioning ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Postpartum depression (PPD) has adverse effects on the mother’s ability to work, her relationships, performance in other roles, and caregiving ability. The aim of this study was to compare levels of maternal functioning between mothers with depression symptoms and those without. The participants of this case-control study included 80 postpartum women (n = 40 with depressive symptoms and n = 40 with no depressive symptoms) referred to health centers in Tabriz, Iran, in 2018–2019. The case and control groups were matched for the number of deliveries (first or second deliveries) and the type of delivery (vaginal or cesarean section). A sociodemographic questionnaire, Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), and Barkin Index of Maternal Functioning (BIMF) were used for data collection. The relationship between maternal functioning and depression was assessed by conducting independent t-tests and Pearson correlation tests in bivariate analysis and applying the general linear model (GLM) in a multivariate analysis. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of sociodemographic information. The mean (SD) total scores of maternal functioning in the case (depressed) and control (non-depressed) groups were 63.4 (12.2) and 93.3 (13.0), respectively. According to the independent t-test, this value in the control group was significantly higher than that of the case group (mean difference: −30.0; 95% confidence interval: −35.6 to −24.3; p < 0.001). In terms of the domains of the BIMF, based on the independent t-test, the mean score of all domains in the control group was significantly higher than that of the case group, except for the mother-child interaction dimension (p = 0.219). Based on the Pearson correlation test, there was significant negative correlation between the PPD score and total score of BIMF (r = −0.79, p < 0.001) and its domains (r = −0.81 to −0.54, p < 0.001). In addition, based on the GLM with adjusting the sociodemographic and obstetrics characteristics, the score of maternal functioning was significantly lower in the case group compared to the control group [β = −30.1; 95% CI: −36.8 to −23.4; p = 0.001]. The results of this study indicate that women with depressive symptoms have lower maternal functioning. Depressed women may find it difficult to perform their maternal duties and take care of themselves and other family members due to the burden of the depressive symptoms. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of postpartum depression can play an important role in improving daily maternal functioning.

scholarly journals Serum zinc levels and effect of zinc and vitamin A supplementation in children with diarrhea: a randomized control study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1501
Author(s):  
Nageswara Rao Kalvakuri ◽  
Sushma Nalisetty
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Serum Zinc Levels

Background: Zinc deficiency affects about two billion people in the developing world and is associated with many diseases. Zinc is crucial for normal development and function of cells mediating nonspecific immunity such as neutrophils and natural killer cells. Zinc supplementation has been shown to be effective for preventing diarrhea in children. Vitamin A helps to regulate the immune system, which helps to prevent or fight off infections by making white blood cells that destroy harmful bacteria and viruses.Methods: In this randomized control study 82 children aged 6months to 5 years were randomized 52 in the group of acute diarrhoea and 30 in the control group. Blood samples were drawn for estimation of serum zinc levels. Children in the acute diarrhoea group 23 received zinc alone and 23 received zinc and vitamin A and followed up for 6 months.Results: The serum zinc levels were significantly lower in children with acute diarrhea (66.7µg/dl) as compared to that of the children in the control group (80.5433 µg/dl) (p=<0.001). The children with malnourishment had a mean zinc level that was significantly lesser (p=<0.01). In the acute diarrhea group, children receiving zinc supplementation alone, 10 of the children had at least 1 episode of diarrhea over the next 6 months. Children receiving zinc and vitamin A supplementation, there were only 5 such children with at least 1 episode of acute diarrhea.Conclusions: Combination of zinc and vitamin A supplementation in acute diarrhea decreases the chances of recurrence of diarrhoea and reduces the hospital stay significantly.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation about the efficacy of the use of variable concentrations of Epinephrine in Tumescent solution for control of bleeding in patients with abdominal liposuction

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdolreza Khorshidifar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tumescent Solution ◽  
And Control ◽  
Abdominal Liposuction

Introduction: The use of epinephrine for controlling the blood loss has gained out in many dermatological surgeries; however, its use in liposuction has not been studied. In this regard, we aimed to figure out the effectiveness of using epinephrine in tumescent solution during liposuctions surgery. Material and Methods: In this study we present a prospective, double-blind, nonrandomized study evaluating the effects of adding epinephrine to tumescent solution intra-operative in patients undergoing liposuction. Thirty-six patients including 6 males and 29 females undergoing liposuction were divided into two groups. In case group we use 1-1.4 mg/L epinephrine (based on the location of surgery) in tumescent solution; and control group did not receive epinephrine. Lab data such as hemoglobin and hematocrit as well as clinical data including blood pressure and heart rate were recorded before, after 1h and 6h of liposuction.  Results: In this study, we observed that both case and control group faced a significant dropped in their hemoglobin and hematocrit; however, the decrement was significant lower in case group. In addition, both groups had a stable hemostasis after 1h and 6h of surgery. In this regard, we did not observe any significant difference between heart rate and blood pressure of two groups. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that using epinephrine as vasoconstriction agent in tumescent solution might decrease the rate of bleeding and increase the chance of stable hemostasis both during and after abdominal liposuction.

scholarly journals Comparing coping styles, personality traits, and resiliency in multiple sclerosis patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Amir Mahdi Katani ◽  
Shahnaz Mohammadi ◽  
Zahra Davoodi ◽  
Somaye Shahmoradi
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Ways Of Coping Questionnaire ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Control Study

Background and aims: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common neurological disorder with complex etiology, which is highly affected by psychological factors. These factors should to be identified to help patients with MS (PwMS). This study aimed to compare coping styles, personality traits, and resiliency in PwMS and healthy subjects. Methods: In this case-control study, we selected 75 PwMS from the members of Tehran MS Society in 2016 as case group and 75 healthy subjects as control group. To collect data, we used the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WOCQ), Big Five Factor Inventory–Revised, and Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and independent T-Test were used to analyze the data. Results: The results indicated that PwMS use emotion-focused coping styles more often (44.53±9.13, P=0.008) and problem-focused coping styles less often (39.84±5.79, P=0.001) compared to control group. Also, they showed higher scores in neuroticism (32.10±4.80, P=0.001) and lower scores in extraversion and conscientiousness (27.46±7.12, P=0.005 and 32.98+±5.72, P=0.008, respectively). The resiliency levels in these patients were also lower than healthy subjects (68.13±13.90, P=0.021). Conclusion: Our findings indicated that PwMS are more likely to use emotional coping strategies in stressful situations compared to healthy individuals. Moreover, data confirmed that a maladaptive personality configuration, which is specified by high neuroticism, along with low extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness are somehow related to MS.

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