Sleeping late is a risk factor for myopia development amongst school-aged children in China

Abstract Myopia, a leading cause of distance vision impairment, is projected to affect half of the world’s population in 30 years. We analysed the relationship between certain demographic, environmental, and behavioural factors and myopia from a 2-year school-based, prospective trial conducted in Shanghai, China. This trial enrolled 6295 school-aged children at baseline and followed them up for 24 months. The relationship between abovementioned factors and myopia was examined and the role of sleep in childhood myopia development was highlighted. Our results suggest that ‘sleeping late’ is a risk factor for myopia prevalence at baseline (odds ratio [OR] = 1.55, p = 0.04), 2-year myopia incidence (odds ratio [OR] = 1.44, p = 0.02) and progression over 24 months (p = 0.005), after adjusting for residency area, age, gender, sleep duration, and time spent outdoors. The identification and consistency of results with late sleepers being a susceptible group to both myopia onset and progression suggests a complex relationship between circadian rhythm, indoor environment, habitual indoor activities and myopia development and progression. These results can offer new insights to future myopia aetiology studies as well as aid in decision-making of myopia prevention strategies.

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Combination of sleep duration, TV time and body mass index is associated with cardiometabolic risk moderated by age in youth

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2020-0399 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Ana P. Sehn ◽

Anelise R. Gaya ◽

Caroline Brand ◽

Arieli F. Dias ◽

Roya Kelishadi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Body Mass ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

High Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Television Time ◽

The Relationship ◽

Moderating Role

AbstractObjectivesThe combination of sleep duration, television (TV) time and body mass index (BMI) may be related to the alteration of cardiometabolic risk. However, there are few studies that use these variables grouped, and showing the moderating role of age. This study aimed to verify if the combination of sleep duration, TV time and BMI is associated with cardiometabolic risk and the moderating role of age in this relationship in youth.MethodsCross-sectional study conducted with 1411 adolescents (611 male), aged 10–17 years. Sleep duration, TV time and BMI were assessed and grouped into eight categories. Cardiometabolic risk was assessed by a continuous metabolic risk score, including the following variables: low HDL-cholesterol, elevated triglycerides, dysglycemia, high systolic blood pressure, high waist circumference and low cardiorespiratory fitness. Generalized linear models were used to test moderation of age in the relationship between the eight categories of sleep duration/television time/BMI with cardiometabolic risk.ResultsCardiometabolic risk factor showed association with all overweight or obesity independent of sleep time and TV time. Age moderated the relationship between sleep duration/television time/BMI with cardiometabolic risk. This association was stronger in younger adolescents (11 and 13 years), indicating that individuals with inadequate sleep, prolonged TV time and overweight/obesity present higher cardiometabolic risk values when compared to 15-year-old adolescents.ConclusionOverweight/obesity, independently of sleep duration and TV time, is the main risk factor for cardiometabolic disorders in adolescence. When moderated by age, younger adolescents that presented the combination of risk factors had higher cardiometabolic risk.

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Influence of Psychological Stress on Periodontal Diseases

American Research Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.21694/2578-1448.20001 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Larissa Marques Storto Soares ◽

Ana Emilia Farias Pontes ◽

Fernanda de Oliveira Bello Corrêa ◽

Cleverton Corrêa Rabelo

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Psychological Stress ◽

Psychological Factors ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Psychosocial Factor ◽

Research Needs ◽

The Relationship

Introduction: The association between periodontal disease and stress has been questioned for a almost a century, however, it still represents an unexplored field of research with several orphaned questions of conclusive answers. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between periodontal disease and stress. Methodology: Searches were performed with descriptors related to periodontal diseases and psychological factors in the following databases: Pubmed, Embase, Lilacs. Were identified and included studies that deal with the relationship between stress and periodontal disease and /or that emphasize the role of this psychosocial factor in the progression of periodontal disease. Conclusion: Most studies have shown a positive relationship between periodontal disease and stress, however, further research needs to be developed to confirm stress as a risk factor for periodontal disease

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Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) D Allele as a Risk Factor for Increase Serum Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-8 in Psoriasis Patients

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2018.188 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 772-776 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ahmed I. Abd Elneam ◽

Mohammed Saleh Al-Dhubaibi ◽

Ali Ismaiel Ali Abd Alrheam

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Converting Enzyme ◽

Inflammatory Skin Disease ◽

Ace Polymorphism ◽

Ace Gene ◽

Ace Gene Polymorphism ◽

The Relationship

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory skin disease. It is characterised by autoimmune, environmental factors and complex genetic disorder.AIM: To explore the role of IL-6, IL-8, and ACE I/D polymorphism in the pathogenesis of Psoriasis and investigation of the relationship between ACE polymorphism and occurrence of psoriasis.PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this study, we took 73 psoriasis patients and 47 healthy patients as a control. These two groups subjected to analysis for ACE gene I/D polymorphism by PCR and biochemical methods.RESULTS: The serum levels of ACE, IL-8 and IL-6 were statistically significantly higher in psoriasis patients compared to healthy subjects (P < 0.001). ID and DD polymorphism were more common in psoriasis patients than healthy subjects. Also, D allele was significantly over-represented in patients compared to controls (52.7% Vs 35.1%).CONCLUSION: ACE gene polymorphism might grant susceptibility to develop psoriasis.

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Hearing Other Voices: A Critical Assessment of Popular Views on Literacy and Work

Harvard Educational Review ◽

10.17763/haer.63.1.u0762m971p0645t4 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 20-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Glynda Hull

Keyword(s):

Job Performance ◽

Literacy Skills ◽

Critical Assessment ◽

Literacy Programs ◽

Ethnographic Research ◽

Instructional Programs ◽

School Based ◽

The Relationship

Current popular discussion about the role of literacy in the workplace is often based on the largely unquestioned beliefs that workers are deficient in basic literacy skills and, further, that there are clear links among illiteracy, poor job performance, and the declining economy. These assumptions lead to demands for school-based, skill-driven literacy programs tied to the workplace. In this article, Glynda Hull challenges these demands and the characterizations of workers that underlie them, suggesting that these demands are based on overly simplistic notions about literacy and its relationship to job performance and the economy. Hull argues that ethnographic research on literacy and the workplace demonstrates that the relationship between work and literacy is far more complex than the current popular discussion would have us believe. She concludes that we must pay more attention to how literacy skills are actually used in the workplace and that we can best do this by asking workers about their experiences in workplace-related instructional programs.

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The role of young children in a community-wide outbreak of hepatitis A

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268897007462 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 118 (3) ◽

pp. 243-252 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

P. F. SMITH ◽

J. C. GRABAU ◽

A. WERZBERGER ◽

R. A. GUNN ◽

H. R. ROLKA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Relative Risk ◽

Jewish Community ◽

Attack Rate ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Hepatitis A ◽

Age Group ◽

Recurrent Hepatitis

An Hasidic Jewish community has experienced recurrent hepatitis A outbreaks since 1980. To assess risk factors for illness during a 1985–6 outbreak, the authors reviewed case records and randomly selected 93 households for an interview and serologic survey. In the outbreak, 117 cases of hepatitis A were identified, with the highest attack rate (4·2%) among 3–5 year olds. Among the survey households, the presence of 3–5 year olds was the only risk factor that increased a household's risk of hepatitis A (indeterminant relative risk, P=0·02). Furthermore, case households from the outbreak were more likely to have 3–5 year olds than were control households from the survey (odds ratio=16·4, P<0·001). Children 3–5 years old were more likely to have hepatitis A and may have been the most frequent transmitters of hepatitis A in this community. Hepatitis A vaccination of 3–5 year olds can protect this age group and might prevent future outbreaks in this community.

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Mediating Role of Self-Determination Constructs in Explaining the Relationship Between School Factors and Postschool Outcomes

Council review ◽

10.1177/0014402916660089 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 83 (2) ◽

pp. 165-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Karrie A. Shogren ◽

Mauricio Garnier Villarreal ◽

Kyle Lang ◽

Hyojeong Seo

Keyword(s):

Psychological Empowerment ◽

Transition Services ◽

Self Determination ◽

School Factors ◽

Data Set ◽

Postschool Outcomes ◽

Mediating Role ◽

School Based ◽

The Relationship

Secondary data analysis using the National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 data set was conducted to examine the degree to which autonomy, psychological empowerment, and self-realization (3 of 4 essential characteristics of self-determination) play a mediating role in the relationship between school-based factors and postschool outcomes. The results suggest that autonomy, psychological empowerment, and self-realization play a large and significant role in mediating the relationship between school-based factors and postschool outcomes. With over 50% of the indirect effects (i.e., the aggregated effects of the school-based factors on the outcome constructs through the self-determination constructs) significant, this provides support for the essential role of self-determination in secondary transition services and supports. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

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Does health literacy mediate the relationship between socioeconomic status and health disparities? Integrative review

Health Promotion International ◽

10.1093/heapro/day062 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. e1-e17 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Coraline Stormacq ◽

Stephan Van den Broucke ◽

Jacqueline Wosinski

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Health Disparities ◽

Health Literacy ◽

Comparison Method ◽

Socioeconomic Disparities ◽

Modifiable Risk Factor ◽

Mediating Role ◽

The Relationship

Summary While socioeconomic disparities are among the most fundamental causes of health disparities, socioeconomic status (SES) does not impact health directly. One of the potential mediating factors that link SES and health is health literacy (HL). Yet although HL can be considered a modifiable risk factor of socioeconomic disparities in health, the relationship between SES, HL and health disparities is not well understood. This study reviewed the evidence regarding the mediating role of HL in the relationship between socioeconomic and health disparities. Medline, Cinahl, Embase, PsychInfo, Eric, Web of Science, Google, Google Scholar, Mednar, Doaj and Worldcat were used to retrieve studies that specifically addressed socioeconomic and socio-demographic factors related to low HL levels, as well as the mediating role of HL in the relationship between SES and disparities in health outcomes. Selected studies were assessed for methodological quality. Sixteen published studies were retained for inclusion and content analyzed using the constant comparison method. The review indicates that disadvantaged social and socioeconomic conditions contribute to low HL levels, whereby low SES, and particularly educational attainment, is the most important determinant of HL, and that HL mediates the relationship between SES and health status, quality of life, specific health-related outcomes, health behaviors and use of preventive services. HL can be considered as a modifiable risk factor of socioeconomic disparities in health. Enhancing the level of HL in the population or making health services more accessible to people with low HL may be a means to reach a greater equity in health.

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Urine Cadmium as a Risk Factor for Osteoporosis and Osteopenia: A Meta-Analysis

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2021.648902 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Dong Li ◽

HaoJie Lin ◽

Min Zhang ◽

Jing Meng ◽

LiYou Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Subgroup Analysis ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

High Quality ◽

Heterogeneity Test ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Urine Cadmium ◽

The Relationship

Background: As society ages, the incidence of osteoporosis increases. In several studies, cadmium (Cd) is thought to be related to osteoporosis. However, there are conflicting reports about the relationship between Cd and the risk of osteoporosis and osteopenia. Therefore, the purpose of this meta-analysis was to explore the relationship between Cd and osteoporosis and osteopenia.Methods: Through a review of the literature, articles published in PubMed as of December 2020 were identified and the references of related publications and reviews were reviewed. Ultimately, 17 eligible articles were selected to determine the relationship between blood and urine Cd concentrations for the risk of osteoporosis or osteopenia. In this study, we performed a classification analysis, heterogeneity test, subgroup analysis, and evaluated publication bias.Results: A total of 17 studies were included, including seven on blood Cd and 10 on urine Cd. By combining the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the lowest and highest categories, the odds ratio of blood Cd concentration that increased the risk of osteoporosis or osteopenia was OR 1.21 (95% CI: 0.84–1.58) and that of urine Cd concentration that increased the risk of osteoporosis or osteopenia was OR 1.80 (95% CI: 1.42–2.18), and the results of the subgroup analysis were also consistent.Conclusions: Our research indicates that while urine cadmium (Cd) concentration may be related to increased risk of osteoporosis and osteopenia, blood Cd concentration may not. Therefore, compared to blood Cd concentration, urine Cd concentration may be more reliable as a risk factor for osteoporosis and osteopenia. This result should be interpreted with caution. Currently. research on the relationship between Cd concentration and osteoporosis and osteopenia is limited, thus, further large, high-quality prospective studies are required to elucidate the relationship between Cd concentration and osteoporosis and osteopenia.

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Time Averaged Uric Acid Is Associated With the Prognosis of IgAN in Females

10.21203/rs.3.rs-562936/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Quan Zhang ◽

Luyao Dong ◽

Hongling Han

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Risk Factor ◽

General Hospital ◽

Independent Risk Factor ◽

Glomerular Diseases ◽

Progression Of Disease ◽

Medical University ◽

The Relationship ◽

Worse Prognosis

Abstract Background IgA Nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most common glomerular diseases. However, the effect of uric acid on the prognosis of IgAN is still unclear, especially between males and females. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the role of hyperuricemia in IgAN patients and the differences in gender. Consequently, the study conducted a retrospective analysis of the prognosis of IgAN in patients from the General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University. Methods: A total of 1,022 patients with primary IgAN, diagnosed through renal biopsy were enrolled from the Department of Nephrology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University. However, after applying the exclusion criteria, only 463 patients remained and were regularly followed up in the hospital. In addition, the relationship between Time Average Uric Acid (TA-UA) and prognosis of IgAN was analyzed. Results: The findings showed that TA-UA was an independent risk factor for the prognosis of IgAN in the 463 patients studied (OR=1.752，95%CI=1.348-2.277，p＜0.001). Additionally, higher TA-UA values were associated with a faster progression of disease and worse prognosis (p < 0.05). Elevated TA-UA was also shown to be an independent risk factor for the progression of disease in female patients but not in their male counterparts (women: HR=1.998，95%CI=1.398-2.854，p＜0.001，men: HR=1.405，95%CI=0.869-2.274, p=0.166). Conclusion: Increased TA-UA is an independent risk factor for the progression of IgAN, especially in women.

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High PRMT6 expression Associated With Prognosis and Immune Infiltration in Glioma

10.21203/rs.3.rs-210553/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yi Yang ◽

Zhenshuang Wang ◽

Shengrong Long ◽

Jinhai Huang ◽

Chengran Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

Enrichment Analysis ◽

Arginine Methyltransferase ◽

Clinical Indicators ◽

Immune Infiltration ◽

Tumor Tissues ◽

Potential Biomarker ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background Glioma is characterised by easy invasion of surrounding tissues, high mortality and poor prognosis. Moreover, the prognosis of glioma is getting worse and worse with the increase of grade, which is not optimistic. Therefore, biological markers for glioma are needed in clinical to detect and evaluate the situation and prognosis of patients with glioma. In many studies, we have found that the protein arginine methyltransferase 6 (PRMT6) expression is elevated in various tumors, which is associated with prognosis of patient. However, there has been no report or study on the role of PRMT6 in glioma. Methods In this study, we used various tumor-related databases to analyze the mechanism of PRMT6 in tumors, especially gliomas, from bioinformatics, and carried out relevant experimental verification with tumor tissues extracted from patients during surgery. Besides, we analyzed the relationship between PRMT6 expression and immune infiltration and immune-related cells, and discussed the possible mechanisms. We also discussed the role of PRMT6 expression in glioma from mutation, clinical indicators, enrichment analysis, and immunohistochemical results. Results PRMT6 is significantly differentially expressed in multiple tumors, which is associated with survival and prognosis. Especially in gliomas, the PRMT6 expression gradually increased with the grade increasing. Besides, PRMT6 can be used as an independent prognostic risk factor in the nomogram and has been verified in various databases. Conclusions Our results indicate that high PRMT6 expression is a potential biomarker for predicting prognosis and progression of glioma.

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