scholarly journals Reliable evaluation method of heating power of magnetic nanofluids to directly predict the tumor temperature during hyperthermia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-wook Kim ◽  
Seongtae Bae
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Heating Power ◽  
Reliable Measurement ◽  
Heating Performance ◽  
System P ◽  
Magnetic Nanofluids ◽  
Tumor Environment ◽  
Standardized Measurement

AbstractReliable measurement of heating power of magnetic nanofluids (MNs) to accurately predict the AC heat-induction performance in tumors is highly desirable for clinical magnetic nanofluids hyperthermia (MNFH) application because it can save time for screening the performance of newly developed MNFH agent and minimize the over-use of animals dramatically. Here, a bio-mimicking phantom model, called Pseudo-Tumor Environment System (P-TES), biochemically designed by considering the external and internal critical factors related to the complex biological environments is proposed to provide a highly reliable evaluation method of heating performance of MNs for in-vivo MNFH applications. According to the experimentally analyzed results, the heating power of MNs measured using the P-TES is well accorded with the heating temperature measured in the tumors during in-vivo MNFH. This result strongly demonstrates that the proposed P-TES can be recommended as a standardized measurement method of heating performance of MNs for clinical MNFH application.

scholarly journals The Revolutionary Roads to Study Cell–Cell Interactions in 3D In Vitro Pancreatic Cancer Models

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 930
Author(s):  
Donatella Delle Cave ◽  
Riccardo Rizzo ◽  
Bruno Sainz ◽  
Giuseppe Gigli ◽  
Loretta L. del Mercato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cellular Models ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Cancer Models ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Tumor Environment

Pancreatic cancer, the fourth most common cancer worldwide, shows a highly unsuccessful therapeutic response. In the last 10 years, neither important advancements nor new therapeutic strategies have significantly impacted patient survival, highlighting the need to pursue new avenues for drug development discovery and design. Advanced cellular models, resembling as much as possible the original in vivo tumor environment, may be more successful in predicting the efficacy of future anti-cancer candidates in clinical trials. In this review, we discuss novel bioengineered platforms for anticancer drug discovery in pancreatic cancer, from traditional two-dimensional models to innovative three-dimensional ones.

scholarly journals Alpha-Fetoprotein- and CD40Ligand-Expressing Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3375
Author(s):  
Annabelle Vogt ◽  
Farsaneh Sadeghlar ◽  
Tiyasha H. Ayub ◽  
Carlo Schneider ◽  
Christian Möhring ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Tumor Regression ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Effector Cells ◽  
Tumor Environment ◽  
The Impact

Dendritic cells (DC) as professional antigen presenting cells are able to prime T-cells against the tumor-associated antigen α-fetoprotein (AFP) for immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, a strong immunosuppressive tumor environment limits their efficacy in patients. The co-stimulation with CD40Ligand (CD40L) is critical in the maturation of DC and T-cell priming. In this study, the impact of intratumoral (i.t.) CD40L-expressing DC to improve vaccination with murine (m)AFP-transduced DC (Ad-mAFP-DC) was analyzed in subcutaneous (s.c.) and orthotopic murine HCC. Murine DC were adenovirally transduced with Ad-mAFP or Ad-CD40L. Hepa129-mAFP-cells were injected into the right flank or the liver of C3H-mice to induce subcutaneous (s.c.) and orthotopic HCC. For treatments, 106 Ad-mAFP-transduced DC were inoculated s.c. followed by 106 CD40L-expressing DC injected intratumorally (i.t.). S.c. inoculation with Ad-mAFP-transduced DC, as vaccine, induced a delay of tumor-growth of AFP-positive HCC compared to controls. When s.c.-inoculation of Ad-mAFP-DC was combined with i.t.-application of Ad-CD40L-DC synergistic antitumoral effects were observed and complete remissions and long-term survival in 62% of tumor-bearing animals were achieved. Analysis of the tumor environment at different time points revealed that s.c.-vaccination with Ad-mAFP-DC seems to stimulate tumor-specific effector cells, allowing an earlier recruitment of effector T-cells and a Th1 shift within the tumors. After i.t. co-stimulation with Ad-CD40L-DC, production of Th1-cytokines was strongly increased and accompanied by a robust tumor infiltration of mature DC, activated CD4+-, CD8+-T-cells as well as reduction of regulatory T-cells. Moreover, Ad-CD40L-DC induced tumor cell apoptosis. Intratumoral co-stimulation with CD40L-expressing DC significantly improves vaccination with Ad-mAFP-DC in pre-established HCC in vivo. Combined therapy caused an early and strong Th1-shift in the tumor environment as well as higher tumor apoptosis, leading to synergistic tumor regression of HCC. Thus, CD40L co-stimulation represents a promising tool for improving DC-based immunotherapy of HCC.

scholarly journals Pilot Study: Quantitative Photoacoustic Evaluation of Peripheral Vascular Dynamics Induced by Carfilzomib In Vivo

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 836
Author(s):  
Thi Thao Mai ◽  
Manh-Cuong Vo ◽  
Tan-Huy Chu ◽  
Jin Young Kim ◽  
Chulhong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Maximum Amplitude ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Peripheral Vasculature ◽  
Mouse Ear

Carfilzomib is mainly used to treat multiple myeloma. Several side effects have been reported in patients treated with carfilzomib, especially those associated with cardiovascular events, such as hypertension, congestive heart failure, and coronary artery disease. However, the side effects, especially the manifestation of cardiovascular events through capillaries, have not been fully investigated. Here, we performed a pilot experiment to monitor peripheral vascular dynamics in a mouse ear under the effects of carfilzomib using a quantitative photoacoustic vascular evaluation method. Before and after injecting the carfilzomib, bortezomib, and PBS solutions, we acquired high-resolution three-dimensional PAM data of the peripheral vasculature of the mouse ear during each experiment for 10 h. Then, the PAM maximum amplitude projection (MAP) images and five quantitative vascular parameters, i.e., photoacoustic (PA) signal, diameter, density, length fraction, and fractal dimension, were estimated. Quantitative results showed that carfilzomib induces a strong effect on the peripheral vascular system through a significant increase in all vascular parameters up to 50%, especially during the first 30 min after injection. Meanwhile, bortezomib and PBS do not have much impact on the peripheral vascular system. This pilot study verified PAM as a comprehensive method to investigate peripheral vasculature, along with the effects of carfilzomib. Therefore, we expect that PAM may be useful to predict cardiovascular events caused by carfilzomib.

scholarly journals An Integrative Evaluation Method for the Biological Safety of Down and Feather Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshikatsu Kawada ◽  
Junya Kuroyanagi ◽  
Fumiyoshi Okazaki ◽  
Mizuki Taniguchi ◽  
Hiroko Nakayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Chemical Contaminants ◽  
In Vivo Toxicity ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Integrative Evaluation ◽  
Embryo Toxicity

Background: Down and feather materials have been commonly used and promoted as natural stuffing for warm clothing and bedding. These materials tend to become more allergenic as they become contaminated with microorganisms, in addition to being subjected to several kinds of chemical treatments. The biological or chemical contaminants in these materials pose a major risk to human health, to consumers and manufacturers alike. Here, we report the development of an integrative evaluation method for down and feather materials to assess bacterial contamination and in vivo toxicity. Methods: To assess bacterial contamination, we quantified 16S ribosomal RNA, performed culture tests, and established a conversion formula. To determine in vivo toxicity, we performed a zebrafish embryo toxicity testing (ZFET). Results: Washing the material appropriately decreases the actual number of bacteria in the down and feather samples; in addition, after washing, 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that the bacterial compositions were similar to those in rinse water. The ZFET results showed that even materials with low bacterial contamination showed high toxicity or high teratogenicity, probably because of the presence of unknown chemical additives. Conclusions: We established an integrative evaluation method for down and feather safety, based on bacterial contamination with in vivo toxicity testing.

scholarly journals Protonation and Trapping of a Small pH-Sensitive Near-Infrared Fluorescent Molecule in the Acidic Tumor Environment Delineate Diverse Tumors in Vivo

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 4237-4246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca C. Gilson ◽  
Rui Tang ◽  
Avik Som ◽  
Chloe Klajer ◽  
Pinaki Sarder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Ph Sensitive ◽  
Fluorescent Molecule ◽  
Tumor Environment

Feature engineering applied to intraoperative in vivo Raman spectroscopy sheds light on molecular processes in brain cancer: a retrospective study of 65 patients

The Analyst ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (22) ◽  
pp. 6517-6532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Émile Lemoine ◽  
Frédérick Dallaire ◽  
Rajeev Yadav ◽  
Rajeev Agarwal ◽  
Samuel Kadoury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
New Method ◽  
Feature Engineering ◽  
Molecular Processes ◽  
System P ◽  
In Vivo Raman Spectroscopy

A new method to improve the statistical interpretability of biological Raman Spectroscopy was applied to spectra acquired in vivo during neurosurgical resection of brain cancer, revealing oncogenic processes captured by the Raman system.

Preparation and Characterization of β-Tricalcium Phosphate Powders with High Solubility for Chelate-Setting Calcium-Phosphate Cements

2017 ◽  
Vol 758 ◽  
pp. 194-198
Author(s):  
Kohei Nagata ◽  
Toshiisa Konishi ◽  
Michiyo Honda ◽  
Mamoru Aizawa
Keyword(s):  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Inositol Phosphate ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Japanese Industrial Standard ◽  
Bone Filler ◽  
Setting Mechanism ◽  
Median Particle

We have previously developed a novel chelate-setting β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) cement with non-fragmentation property in vivo. This novel cement has been set on the basis of chelate-setting mechanism of inositol phosphate (IP6). In this study, β-TCP powders were synthesized by mechanochemical method, and the as-prepared powders were heated at 600-1300°C for 1 h. Some properties of the resulting powders were examined. The crystalline phase of the resulting powders in the range of 600-1100°C was of β-TCP single phase. In the cases at 1200°C and 1300°C, the resulting powders were composed of β-TCP and α-TCP. Median particle sizes of the resulting powders increased with heating temperature from 5.35 μm up to 47.7 μm. Dissolution rate of Ca2+ ions from the β-TCP powders was measured by Japanese Industrial Standard T 0330-3. When the heating temperature was at 700°C, the Ca2+ ions solubility was highest among examined ones. The β-TCP powder heated at 700°C for 1 h will be expected as the starting powder for paste-like artificial bone filler with excellent bioresorbability.

Nucleolin is a receptor that mediates antiangiogenic and antitumor activity of endostatin

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (8) ◽  
pp. 2899-2906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubing Shi ◽  
Yujie Huang ◽  
Hao Zhou ◽  
Xiaomin Song ◽  
Shaopeng Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Antitumor Activities ◽  
Surface Nucleolin ◽  
Tumor Environment ◽  
Cell Surface Nucleolin ◽  
Functional Receptor

AbstractThe exact molecular mechanism of how endostatin inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth remains uncharacterized. Here, we report that endostatin specifically binds to the cell surface nucleolin with high affinity. Blockage of nucleolin by a neutralizing antibody or knockdown of nucleolin by the RNA interference results in loss of antiendothelial activities of endostatin. Importantly, a neutralizing antinucleolin antibody abrogates the antiangiogenic and antitumor activities of endostatin in vivo. Nucleolin and endostatin are colocalized on the cell surface of endothelial cells of angiogenic blood vessels in the tumor environment. Finally, we found that endostatin is internalized and transported into cell nuclei of endothelial cell via nucleolin. In the nucleus, the phosphorylation of nucleolin, which is critical for cell proliferation, can be inhibited by endostatin. Our studies demonstrate that nucleolin is a novel functional receptor for endostatin, and mediates the antiangiogenic and antitumor activities of endostatin. These findings also provide mechanistic insights of how endostatin specifically inhibits proliferating endothelial cell growth and angiogenesis.

In vivo Evaluation Method of the Effect of Nattokinase on Carrageenan-Induced Tail Thrombosis in a Rat Model

2010 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 218-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seitaro Kamiya ◽  
Masayori Hagimori ◽  
Masayoshi Ogasawara ◽  
Masayuki Arakawa
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation
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