scholarly journals Salt tolerance of selected halophytes at the two initial growth stages for future management options

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fedae A. Alhaddad ◽  
Mohammed H. Abu-Dieyeh ◽  
El-Sayed Mohamed ElAzazi ◽  
Talaat A. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Acacia Tortilis ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Aeluropus Lagopoides

AbstractScarcity of water and the small area of the agricultural land are considered as the crucial environmental issues challenged the Arabian Gulf countries. In this study, experiments were conducted to identify the salt tolerance during the germination and the seedling stages of some native halophytes in the State of Qatar. Seeds of eight native species (Salsola setifera, Halopeplis perfoliata, Caroxylon imbricatum, Suaeda aegyptiaca, Acacia tortilis, Limonium axillare, Tetraena qatarensis and Aeluropus lagopoides) were investigated. Except for Tetraena qatarensis, Acacia tortilis and Suaeda aegyptiaca, all achieved ≥ 30% of seed germination at a concentration of 200 mM NaCl. Around 30% of Salsola setifera seeds were able to germinate in a salt concentration of 400 mM. Germination recovery of seeds that have been treated with 800 mM NaCl for 3 weeks was the greatest for Halopeplis perfoliata (94%) and the lowest for Aeluropus lagopoides (22%). Five halophytes were investigated for seedling growth under saline irrigation ranged from 0 to 600 mM NaCl. No significant differences obtained in growth biomass of seedlings of each of Caroxylon imbricatum, Suaeda aegyptiaca and Tetraena qatarensis between saline and non-saline treatments.

scholarly journals Screening for Salt Tolerance in Eight Halophyte Species from Yellow River Delta at the Two Initial Growth Stages

ISRN Agronomy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Xianzhao ◽  
Wang Chunzhi ◽  
Su Qing
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Yellow River Delta ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Suaeda Salsa ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Sesbania Cannabina ◽  
Tamarix Chinensis

Screening of available local halophytes for salinity tolerance is of considerable economic value for the utilization of heavy salt-affected lands in coastal tidal-flat areas and other saline areas. In this study, the germination and seedling pot experiments on salt tolerance of eight halophytic species from Yellow River Delta, China, at seven NaCl concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 mM), were conducted at both growth stages. Results showed that germination rate and germination index decreased with an increase in NaCl concentration. The higher germination rates were obtained from Tamarix chinensis and Suaeda salsa seeds exposed to 0~200 mM NaCl. At the seedling stage, the salt tolerances of eight halophytes were also different from each other. Tamarix chinensis had significantly greater fresh biomass and plant height in relative terms than the others in all salt treatments. The order of the relative growth yield in seedling was Tamarix chinensis > Suaeda salsa > Salicornia europaea > Limonium bicolor > Atriplex isatidea > Apocynum venetum > Phragmites australis > Sesbania cannabina. The comprehensive analysis showed that Tamarix chinensis had the highest tolerance to salt, followed by Suaeda salsa, and the salt tolerance of Sesbania cannabina was the lowest.

Evaluation of salt tolerance in selected Qatari halophytes at the two initial growth stages

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (4) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Fedae A. Alhaddad ◽  
Mohammed H. Abu-Dieyeh
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Initial Growth

scholarly journals Effect of salinity stress in Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv. accession A10.1 during seed germination and plant development

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thalita Massaro Malheiros Ferreira ◽  
Mariana de Lima Santos ◽  
Cecilia Lima Lopes ◽  
Carlos Antonio Ferreira de Sousa ◽  
Manoel Teixeira Souza Junior
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Setaria Viridis ◽  
Model Plant

ABSTRACT Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv. is a species proposed to be used as model plant in reverse genetics studies for the validation of gene function. Soil salinity is a recurring problem present in more than a 100 countries worldwide, and approximately 20% of the agricultural land in the world has saline and/or sodium soils. Saline stress affects all the main processes of the plant, such as germination, growth, and, consequently, the yield. The present study aimed at determining the tolerance levels of S. viridisA10.1 to saline stress and identify its potential as a model plant to validate salt-tolerance candidate genes/alleles as well as promoter sequences from salt-responsive genes. In an initial experiment, the seeds of the plant were sown on a germination medium containing an increasing concentration of NaCl (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, or 150 mM), and maintained there during the initial growth stage; and, in another experiment, the plants at the vegetative growth stage were submitted to increasing doses of NaCl (0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0g per 100g of the substrate). The germination rate was found to be affected a little by the salinity, while the seedlings development was impaired right after germination. Plant in the vegetative growth stage experienced a reduction in the evapotranspiration rates and pigment levels, along with an impairment in the system of capture and use of light, and a decrease in the leaf gas exchange rates, resulting in less accumulation of dry and fresh plant biomass proportional to the salt dose used. Plants started to die within a week at doses ≥19.4 dS/m. In conclusion, A10.1 is a glycophyte plant with some level of salt-tolerance and might be used as a model plant to validate salt-tolerance candidate genes/alleles, as well as promoters salt-responsive genes, depending on the right combination of plant age and level of stress. As seed germination is affected only little by salt stress at NaCl doses of about 15 dS/m or less, A10.1 might not be used to validate genes/alleles with a putative role regarding this trait.

scholarly journals Effects of Non-Thermal Plasma Treatment on Seed Germination and Early Growth of Leguminous Plants—A Review

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1616
Author(s):  
Božena Šerá ◽  
Vladimír Scholtz ◽  
Jana Jirešová ◽  
Josef Khun ◽  
Jaroslav Julák ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Microbial Inactivation ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Legume Seeds ◽  
Non Thermal Plasma

The legumes (Fabaceae family) are the second most important agricultural crop, both in terms of harvested area and total production. They are an important source of vegetable proteins and oils for human consumption. Non-thermal plasma (NTP) treatment is a new and effective method in surface microbial inactivation and seed stimulation useable in the agricultural and food industries. This review summarizes current information about characteristics of legume seeds and adult plants after NTP treatment in relation to the seed germination and seedling initial growth, surface microbial decontamination, seed wettability and metabolic activity in different plant growth stages. The information about 19 plant species in relation to the NTP treatment is summarized. Some important plant species as soybean (Glycine max), bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), mung bean (Vigna radiata), black gram (V. mungo), pea (Pisum sativum), lentil (Lens culinaris), peanut (Arachis hypogaea), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), and chickpea (Cicer aruetinum) are discussed. Likevise, some less common plant species i.g. blue lupine (Lupinus angustifolius), Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), and mimosa (Mimosa pudica, M. caesalpiniafolia) are mentioned too. Possible promising trends in the use of plasma as a seed pre-packaging technique, a reduction in phytotoxic diseases transmitted by seeds and the effect on reducing dormancy of hard seeds are also pointed out.

Echinoderm skeletal crystallography and paleobiological applications

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 191-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Bodenbender
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Structure ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Developmental Sequence ◽  
Coarse Scale ◽  
Common Pattern ◽  
Plate Morphology ◽  
Oriented Parallel ◽  
High Level

The crystallographic orientations of echinoderm skeletal elements can supplement standard morphological comparisons in the exploration of echinoderm evolution. At a coarse scale, many echinoderms share a crystallographic pattern in whichcaxes radiate away from the axis of pentaradial symmetry. Within this common pattern, however,caxes of different taxa can differ dramatically in their degree of variability, angles of inclination, and relationships to the external morphology of skeletal elements. Crystallographic data reflect a variety of taxon-specific influences and therefore reveal different information in different taxa. In echinoids, orientations ofcaxes in coronal plates correlate well with high-level taxonomic groupings, whilecaxes of apical plates record modes of larval development. In blastoids,caxes of radial plates have a structural interpretation, with thecaxis oriented parallel to the orientation of the surface of the radial plate during its initial growth stages. In crinoids,caxes do not correlate with taxonomic group, plate morphology, or developmental sequence, but instead correlate with relative positions of skeletal elements on the calyx. Although their full potential has yet to be explored, the varied crystallographic patterns in echinoderms have been used to clarify skeletal structure, characterize developmental anomalies, and infer homologies of skeletal plates both within specimens and between groups. A axes are less constrained in their orientations thancaxes and offer less promise of revealing novel paleobiological information.

Agricultural Land Management Options Following Large-Scale Environmental Contamination: Evaluation for Fukushima Affected Agricultural Land

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hildegarde Vandenhove
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Management Option ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Fukushima Daiichi ◽  
Agricultural Land Management

The accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant has raised questions about the accumulation of radionuclides in soils, the transfer in the foodchain and the possibility of continued restricted future land use. This paper summarizes what is generally understood about the application of agricultural countermeasures as a land management option to reduce the radionuclides transfer in the food chain and to facilitate the return of potentially affected soils to agricultural practices in areas impacted by a nuclear accident.

Allocation of proteolytic activity in the seedling of Cynara cardunculus L. in the initial growth stages

2008 ◽  
Vol 165 (10) ◽  
pp. 1041-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mafalda Sales-Gomes ◽  
Ana Margarida Cavaco ◽  
Maria Emilia Lima-Costa
Keyword(s):  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Cynara Cardunculus

scholarly journals Initial development and gas exchange of Talisia subalbens (Mart.) Radlk. under different shading conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Carlota Nery ◽  
Hilton Morbeck de Oliveira ◽  
Amauri Alves de Alvarenga ◽  
Sara Dousseau ◽  
Evaristo Mauro de Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Shoot Ratio ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Levels

Ecophysiological studies under semi-controlled conditions in nurseries and greenhouses are essential to enable the use of native species to recover degraded areas and for commercial planting. Talisia subalbens (Mart) Radlk, 'cascudo', is a native fruiting species of the Cerrado on the verge of extinction. The ecophysiological performance of this species was evaluated in nursery conditions under different levels of shading (full sunshine, 30%, 50% and 70%). Initial growth, biomass allocation, gas exchange and chlorophyll content of the plants were analyzed. Full sunshine cultivated plants showed a higher accumulation of total, shoot, and root dry biomass. There was no significant difference in the root/shoot ratio among the treatments. Seedlings cultivated under full sunshine and 30% shading showed higher values for height, basal diameter, and leaf area. Differences in stomata conductance and photosynthesis rate were not observed among the different shading levels. Plants cultivated under 70% of shading had higher contents of chlorophyll a, b, and total. During the initial phase with higher levels of radiation were fundamental for the development of T. subalbens seedlings.

Effects of morphology of buffer layers on ZnO/sapphire heteroepitaxial growth by RF magnetron sputtering

2015 ◽  
Vol 1741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoaki Ide ◽  
Koichi Matsushima ◽  
Ryota Shimizu ◽  
Daisuke Yamashita ◽  
Hynwoong Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Buffer Layers ◽  
Crystal Nucleation ◽  
Zno Films ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Height Distribution ◽  
Heteroepitaxial Growth ◽  
Distribution Profile

ABSTRACTEffects of surface morphology of buffer layers on ZnO/sapphire heteroepitaxial growth have been investigated by means of “nitrogen mediated crystallization (NMC) method”, where the crystal nucleation and growth are controlled by absorbed nitrogen atoms. We found a strong correlation between the height distribution profile of NMC-ZnO buffer layers and the crystal quality of ZnO films. On the buffer layer with a sharp peak in height distribution, a single-crystalline ZnO film with atomically-flat surface was grown. Our results indicate that homogeneous and high-density nucleation at the initial growth stages is critical in heteroepitaxy of ZnO on lattice mismatched substrates.

scholarly journals Production of Pityrocarpa moniliformis (Benth.) Luckow & R.W. Jobson (Fabaceae) seedlings irrigated with saline water

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-188
Author(s):  
Adriana dos S. Ferreira ◽  
Caio C. P. Leal ◽  
Bruno da S. Guirra ◽  
Salvador B. Torres ◽  
Marco Porceddu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars ◽  
Chlorophylls A And B

ABSTRACT Saline irrigation water at high levels causes disturbance in the growth of more sensitive plants. The objective of this research was to evaluate the initial growth of Pityrocarpa moniliformis seedlings under different electrical conductivity in irrigation water through physiological and biochemical analyses. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with five water electrical conductivities (0.5, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0 and 8.0 dS m-1) and four repetitions of 20 plants each, arranged in a randomized block design. Application of the treatments with irrigation water containing NaCl began at 30 days after sowing. To determine the behaviour of the species, the following variables were analysed: stem diameter, plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, Dickson quality index, shoot dry mass, root dry mass and total dry mass, as well as the biochemical variables, such as the concentrations of total soluble sugars, free proline and chlorophylls a and b. The increase in irrigation water salinity hampered the growth of P. moniliformis seedlings, with electrical conductivity of 0.5 dS m-1 being the limit for maximum production. The results also indicated that the deleterious effects of salt stress on P. moniliformis seedlings variables increase in concentrations of proline, total soluble sugars and betaine glycine.

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