scholarly journals Quality assessment of Urochloa (syn. Brachiaria) seeds produced in Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Njehoya Clémence-Aggy ◽  
Ntchapda Fidèle ◽  
Kana Jean Raphael ◽  
Etchu Kingsley Agbor ◽  
Sita R. Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
North West ◽  
Grass Seed ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Livestock Farmers

AbstractUrochloa (syn. Brachiaria) is the most popular fodder of livestock farmers in Cameroon for hay and seed productions. Farmers in Cameroon have been producing Brachiaria seeds for decades for own uses and surplus are sold to neighbours, and to traders from Cameroon and neighbouring countries. However, there is no information available about qualities of these seeds. Fifteen Urochloa seeds samples were collected from farmers and/or government stations in five regions (Adamaoua, East, North, North West, and West) and analysed for major seed quality parameters along with seeds of improved Urochloa cultivar Basilisk imported from Brazil as a check. Study showed significant differences among treatments for various seed quality parameters tested (P < 0.0001). The highest thousand grains weight was recorded in Basilisk (5.685 g), followed by W12 (3.555 g), A05 (3.153 g) and N01 (2.655 g). Caryopsis number and caryopsis weight were highest in Basilisk followed by E09, A06, and W12. Of three conditions tested for seed germination, mean germination was the highest in greenhouse (7.39%) where Basilisk had the highest germination (25.5%) followed by N01 (18.50%), A05 (14.50%) and W12 (12.75%). The seed viability ranged from 18% (E09) to 81% (N01), and there were a positive and highly significant relationships between seed germination and viability traits (r = 0.883; P < 0.0001). This study showed a marked difference in seed quality parameters of Urochloa grass seeds produced in Cameroon, and the potential of developing Urochloa grass seed business in the Northern, Adamaoua and Western regions of Cameroon.

scholarly journals Effect of Storage Conditions on Seed Viability of China Aster [Callistephus chinensis (L.) Nees]

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 385-401
Author(s):  
B. Vaidya P. B. Sable ◽  
V. B. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Field Condition ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
China Aster ◽  
Shoot Weight

The study revealed that China aster seeds lose viability quickly if stored under ambient conditions. At the end of 12th months, seeds stored at refrigerated condition (5-70C) still maintained high seed germination (64.00%) at field condition well above the minimum seed certification standards. However, in case of ambient storage very drastic reduction in seed germination was observed. It was 32.43 % for first months and reduced to 14.95 % for second month by declining 53.90% as compared to first month and thereafter no germination was recorded at field condition. Results from the interaction effect indicated that previously stored seeds of China aster for six months in aluminium foil and kept under refrigerated condition recorded higher seed quality parameters viz. percent seed germination at field (92.67 and 72.00%), percent survival of seedlings (89.33 and 70.67%), height of seedling (11.53 and 8.60 cm), shoot length (7.00 and 5.10 cm), root length (4.53 and 3.50 cm), shoot weight (0.42 and 0.33 g), root weight (0.040 and 0.027 g), root:shoot ratio (0.095 and 0.082) and percent seed germination at laboratory (97.33 and 76.00%) for first and sixth month, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of Seed Treatments and Containers on Chilli and Brinjal Seed Viability

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Suryapal Singh ◽  
S. S. Jakhar
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Packaging Material ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Pathology Laboratory ◽  
Seed Pathology

An experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of fungicides and packaging materials on longevity of chilli (variety: RCH-1) and brinjal (variety: Hisar Shyamal) seeds. The seeds were treated with 15 fungicides and were kept in three containers viz. Metal box, Cloth bag and Plastic zipling bag up to 12 months under ambient conditions in seed pathology laboratory of Department of Seed Science & Technology, CCSHAU, Hisar, India. The samples were drawn at quarterly intervals for ascertaining the seed quality parameters. The seeds treated with flusilazole and carbendazim (2 g kg-1 seed) in case of chilli and brinjal and stored in metal-box were found better for maintenance of higher seed quality parameters [electrical conductivity and dehydrogenase activity] during the study period. The study suggested that use of appropriate packaging material and seed treatment could be useful to prolong the storage life of chilli and brinjal seeds.

Multispectral imaging – a new tool in seed quality assessment?

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birte Boelt ◽  
Santosh Shrestha ◽  
Zahra Salimi ◽  
Johannes Ravn Jørgensen ◽  
Mogens Nicolaisen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Insect Damage ◽  
Seed Colour ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Identification Of Fungi ◽  
Non Destructive

AbstractMultispectral imaging is a new technology that is being deployed to assess seed quality parameters. Examples of applications in the detection and identification of fungi on seeds are presented, together with an example of the technology used for maturity determination in sugar beet seed. Results from multispectral imaging are compared with reference methods, and a high correlation is found. Applications of the technique for varietal discrimination and insect damage are also presented. There is a need for non-destructive, reliable and fast techniques, and it is concluded that multispectral imaging has potential for seed quality assessment, in particular for those components associated with surface structure and chemical composition, seed colour, morphology and size.

scholarly journals Impact of Various Sources of Seed Priming on Growth, Yield and Quality of Spinach Local (Spinacia oleracea) in-vitro and in-vivo Condition

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Bela Joshi ◽  
P. K. Rai ◽  
Vandana Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Significant Difference

Seed germination, following seedling growth are basic but crucial steps in a plant life cycle which includes proper seed germination which is a basic pre-requisite for a better crop growth and yield. The experiment was conducted in Vegetable Science Department under the Defence Institute of Bio-Energy and Research (DIBER), (DRDO), Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand in the year 2020-2021 to standardize the best treatment of seed priming specific to Spinach (Spinacia oleracea). An investigation was conducted both in a laboratory and on the field with the same treatment that was: (T1) Distilled water, (T2) 1%NaCl, (T3) 1%H2O2, (T4) 1%Na2CO3, (T5) Tap water, (T6) 1%DAP, (T7) Control. Seeds were soaked for 16 hrs and then dried to original moisture content for 2 days. It was found that all the priming treatments showed a significant difference with the control and the highest germination %(lab) with 71% was observed in seeds treated with DAP (T6) and the highest crop yield (field) were observed for 1% Na2CO3. Na2CO3 showed the best result in the field as well as in lab conditions based on different quality parameters followed by DAP. This study showed that seed priming treatments help in the enhancement of seed quality parameters, proved cost-effective and the most economical method. The experiment helps to improve the seed quality using different priming treatments which are cost-effective, economic, environment friendly and one of the quickest methods used for seed enhancement.

scholarly journals Germinación de Chiranthodendron pentadactylon Larr. (Sterculiaceae), en respuesta a la escarificación, temperatura y luz

2017 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Reyna Osuna-Fernández ◽  
Guillermo Laguna-Hernández ◽  
Alicia Brechú-Franco ◽  
Alma Orozco-Segovia
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
White Light ◽  
Maternal Effect ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Two Populations

Seed quality and seed germination with scarification and non scarification and variable temperature and light were determined in Ch. pentadactylon seeds form two places of Guerrero and Oaxaca. Also seed viability was determined in seeds from Guerrero stored 6 months at 5º C. Seeds showed to be orthodox and dormant due to an impervious seed coat. The seeds from Guerrero had higher weight, length and water content than those from Oaxaca, however the scarified seeds from Oaxaca reached a higher germination percentages. Germination of scarified seeds of the two populations was enhanced by alternated temperatures and inhibited by far red light. Germination under darkness, red light and white light did not differ significantly. In soil some seeds could be dormant under a low ratio red:far red light transmitted by litter. The differences between the two populations might be due to a maternal effect induced by weather conditions in their geographic localities.

scholarly journals Determining Seed Viability During Fruit Maturation to Improve Seed Production and Availability of New Citrus Rootstocks

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deived Uilian de Carvalho ◽  
Daniel A. Boakye ◽  
Tim Gast ◽  
Rui Pereira Leite Junior ◽  
Fernando Alferez
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Seed Supply ◽  
Germination Potential ◽  
Citrus Groves ◽  
Citrus Rootstock ◽  
Physiological Quality

In recent years, the pressure for replanting and resetting huanglongbing (HLB or citrus greening) affected citrus groves has led to an inadequate seed supply for the most popular rootstock cultivars in the State of Florida, United States. Early fruit harvesting of citrus rootstock source trees might reduce fruit losses and enhance seed availability, especially in HLB-endemic and hurricane susceptible areas, if the physiological quality of the seeds is adequate. The effects of fruit maturity on seed quality and seedling performance of US-802, US-897, and US-942 citrus rootstocks were investigated for two consecutive growing seasons. The study included the evaluation of seed germination and nursery performance of the citrus rootstock seedlings. The germination test was performed in vitro, where seeds were hand-peeled, surface-sterilized and placed in culture tubes containing basal Murashige and Skoog medium. For the emergence test, seeds were sown in seedling trays containing sterilized growing substrate in a greenhouse with controlled-environment conditions. Rootstock fruits from all three varieties harvested in August and September had seeds with higher germination potential, as more than 90% of the seeds generated seedlings. US-942 had more % of emergence than US-802 and US-897, resulting in faster seed germination; in contrast, US-802 had the faster shoot growth rate. Assays on fruit abscission response showed that by August, fruit from all three varieties were responsive to ethylene and abscised, although response varied and was higher in US-942, suggesting the seeds were mature enough. Taken together, our findings indicate that fruits these three rootstocks can be harvested as early as August in contrast to the current procedures without losing germination potential. This will result in an increase in available seeds for nurseries in Florida.

Micro-nutrients Seed Priming and rhizobium Coating on Seed Vigour, Crop Growth and Seed Yield in Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kavitha ◽  
P. Srimathi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Vigour Index

Background: Black gram is the important pulses crop, grown throughout the country; gives low seed yield mainly due to poor management and low soil fertility. Development of suitable technology is essential to enhance productivity. Seed priming is one such effective technology which enhance rapid and uniform emergence to achieve high vigour, leading to better stand establishment and yield. The current research aimed to study micronutrient seed priming and rhizobium coating on seed germination, seedling vigour, crop growth and seed yield in black gram.Methods: Blackgram seeds were primed with 10 different micronutrient solutions with different concentrations and evaluated for its quality parameters to find out suitable seed priming technique. Seeds from two best priming treatments were coated with rhizobium @ 30g/kg of seed and evaluated for its production potential and resultant seed quality under field condition.Result: Seed priming with 0.5% ZnSO4 at 1/3rd seed to solution ratio for 3 hours recorded higher germination (96%) and vigour index (3811) than control which recorded 84% seed germination and 2528 of vigour index under laboratory experiment. Field experiments revealed that, seeds primed with 0.5% ZnSO4 and coated with rhizobium @ 30g per kg of seeds improved seed yield by 13.2% over control. 

scholarly journals Parental Environmental Effects on Seed Quality and Germination Response to Temperature of Andropogon gerardii

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 304
Author(s):  
Bhupinder Singh ◽  
Shardendu K. Singh ◽  
Satyasai Kumar Matcha ◽  
Vijaya Gopal Kakani ◽  
Chathurika Wijewardana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Big Bluestem ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Response To Temperature

Parental environments (PEs) affect seed quality and might alter the re-establishment of big bluestem grass due to impacts on seed germination. An in vitro study was conducted to quantify the temperature response of seed germination and its interaction with the PE in big bluestem. Seeds developed under eight PEs consisting of a combination of four day/night growth temperatures (GTs) (20/12, 25/17, 30/22, and 35/27 °C) and two CO2 levels (360 and 720 µL L−1) were germinated at eight temperatures (germination temperatures (GRTs)) ranging from 10 to 42.5 °C. Quadratic and modified bilinear regressions best described the cardinal temperatures for the estimated maximum seed germination (MSG) and seed germination rate (SGR), respectively. The average MSG and SGR showed differential responses to the PEs and significantly declined above a 35 °C GRT across the PEs. For the SGR, the minimum and optimum temperatures showed significant differences from other treatments but the opposite response to elevated CO2, while maximum temperatures significantly declined at high (35/27 °C) and low GTs (20/12 °C). Seed quality parameters, individual seed weight, and C and N contents showed a high correlation (R2 > 60) with the average percentage of seed germination and the SGR. Thus, high temperatures for both the PEs (>30/22 °C) and GRTs (>30 °C) could significantly reduce germination, affecting the re-establishment of big bluestem.

scholarly journals Seed Quality as Related to Harvest Time in Three Key Perennial Grasses Native to Puna Tussock Rangelands of Peru

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Jimy Castro ◽  
Lucrecia Aguirre ◽  
Roberto Distel
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
High Quality Seed ◽  
Days After Anthesis

Seed-based rehabilitation programs represent a primary foundation for rangeland recovery, which requires high-quality seed of key native species. The objective of this research was to determine the seed quality at different harvest times for three key perennial grasses native to puna tussock rangelands of Peru: Festuca dolichophylla, Festuca humilior, and Calamagrostis vicunarum. Seeds of each species were harvested at 21, 28, and 35 days after anthesis and evaluated by standard tests to determine the purity, size, viability, and germinability. On average, the seed purity of the studied species ranged between 23% and 44%, hundred-seed weight between 34 mg and 73 mg, seed viability between 24% and 60%, and the seed germination between 18% and 34% over the harvest dates. The highest seed quality was observed in C. vicunarum. Seed quality parameters of the studied species did not show a consistent variation over the harvest times. Overall, the species studied presented relatively low seed quality; therefore, when using it in rehabilitation programs for rangeland recovery, it is important to carry out a previous cleaning process (to reduce nonviable seeds and inert matter) and to use a sufficient quantity of seed for effective establishment of these key grasses.

scholarly journals Bird and Rust Damage and Seed Molds in 30 Sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench., Lines in Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.

1969 ◽  
pp. 99-112
Author(s):  
Claudio Feliciano ◽  
Paul R. Hepperly ◽  
Antonio Sotomayor-Ríos
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Colletotrichum Graminicola ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Rust Severity ◽  
Bird Damage

Thirty sorghum lines were evaluated under humid tropical conditions in Mayagüez, Puerto Rico in 1980. In order of importance, bird damage, seed molds, and rust were the major constraints to optimum yields and seed quality. Finches (Fringillidae) mostly Tiaris bicolor and black birds (Icteridae) mostly Quiscalus niger were the most common sorghum eating birds. Seed losses from birds varied from 0 to 97.3% depending on the sorghum line. The mean loss from birds over all lines was 50.7%. Only two sorghum lines, IS 7013 der (0%) and SC0414-12 (ADN 252) (3%) suffered less than 10% seed losses. Over all sorghum lines a strong positive correlation (r = 0.81**) was found between severity of bird damage and the length of the period between 50% flowering and 50% physiological maturity. A low correlation (r = 0.39*) was found between the 125-seed weight and the severity of bird attack. Twentyfive genera of fungi were found on sorghum seeds. Clean seed frequency (seeds without signs of fungi) was highly correlated with seed germination in in vitro tests (r = 0.89**). During delayed harvest, visible mold on seeds increased markedly. Significant losses in seed germination were found at 1 and 2 weeks delayed harvest. Seeds infected with Fusarium moniliforme and Curvularia lunata were 60% lower in viability than noninfected seeds. Phoma spp. and Nigrospora sp. were associated with 20 to 40% reductions in seed viability. Colletotrichum graminicola did not lower seed viability of infected seeds. Sorghum rust severity varied from 0.6 to 46.6% among lines. All but 6 lines showed rust severity of less than 15%. Over all lines there was no significant correlation between rust severity and yield. Six rust susceptible lines (15 to 46.6% rust severity) yielded 63.8% ± 22.6 g/m2, whereas 6 of the most resistant lines (rust severity of less than 3%) yielded 126.6 ± 46.4 g/m2. Based on pest resistance, rapid grain fill and yield, IS 12610 der, IS 12661 der, and SCO(414-12) (ADN 252) appear to be excellent candidates for further testing at Mayagüez. In avoiding seed pests, sorghum lines appeared to benefit from a rapid germination and emergence, a comparatively long vegetative growth period, and a short uniform grain filling period.

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