scholarly journals Health risk assessment of PM2.5 on walking trips

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caihua Zhu ◽  
Zekun Fu ◽  
Linjian Liu ◽  
Xuan Shi ◽  
Yan Li
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate Change ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Risk Characteristics ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Binary Logit ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Travel Decision ◽  
Xi’An City ◽  
Specific Impact

AbstractPM2.5 has an impact on residents' physical health during travelling, especially walking completely exposed to the environment. In order to obtain the specific impact of PM2.5 on walking, 368 healthy volunteers were selected and they were grouped according to gender and age. In the experiment, the heart rate change rate (HR%) is taken as test variable. According to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the travel is divided into two states: safety and risk. Based on this, a binary logit model considering Body Mass Index (BMI) is established to determine the contribution of PM2.5 concentration and body characteristics to travel risk. The experiment was conducted on Chang'an Middle Road in Xi'an City. The analysis results show that the threshold of HR% for safety and risk ranges from 31.1 to 40.1%, and that of PM2.5 concentration ranges from 81 to 168 μg/m3. The probability of risk rises 5.8% and 11.4%, respectively, for every unit increase in PM2.5 concentration and HR%. Under same conditions, the probability of risk for male is 76.8% of that for female. The probability of risk for youth is 67.5% of that for middle-aged people, and the probability of risk for people with BMI in healthy range is 72.1% of that for non-healthy range. The research evaluates risk characteristics of walking in particular polluted weather, which can improve residents’ health level and provide suggestions for travel decision while walking.

scholarly journals Anatomic Variability of the Morphometric Parameters of the Fourth Ventricle of the Brain

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (02) ◽  
pp. 200-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iuliia Zhuravlova ◽  
Maryna Kornieieva ◽  
Erik Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Clinical Anatomy ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Brain

Objectives The defining of the normal parameters of spacious relations and symmetry of the ventricular system of the brain depending on the gender and age is currently one of the topical research problems of clinical anatomy. The present research aims to identify the correlation between the morphometric parameters of the fourth ventricle of the brain and the shape of the skull in middle aged people. Design This is a prospective cohort study. Setting This study was set at the Trinity School of Medicine. Participants A total of 118 normal computed tomography scans of the head of people aged from 21 to 86 years (mean age—48.6 years ± 17.57) were selected for the study. Main Outcome Measures The anteroposterior, transverse diameters, and height of the fourth ventricle were measured and compared in dolichocranial, mesocranial, and brachycranial individuals. Results The study has shown the presence of a statistically significant difference between morphometric parameters of the fourth ventricle of the brain in dolichocranial, mesocranial, and brachycranial individuals. Conclusion The morphometric parameters of the fourth ventricle of the brain, such as height, anteroposterior, and transverse diameters, depend on the individual anatomic variability of the skull shape and gender.

scholarly journals Multiple Regression Analysis of Basal Metabolic Rate Using Dataset of 50 Adults at Federal Medical Center, Otuoke Outreach

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Sylva Ligeiaziba ◽  
Kubugha Wilcox Bunonyo ◽  
Jason Biobaragha Goldie
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Male To Female

This data analysis aimed at investigating Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) of patients around Otuoke region, in Ogbia Local Government Area, and the data were collated at Federal Medical Centre, Otuoke Outreach. The data collated involving 50 patients, of which, 25 are males and 25 female volunteers of different ages. The variables involved in this analysis include age, gender and basal metabolic index, using SPSS version 25. Descriptive analysis was carried out to summarize the data in terms of mean and standard deviation of the gender and age. Biserial correlation was carried out on gender, age and BMR, and Cohen standard was done to investigate the strength of the relationship between the variables. The results of the analysis showed a negative correlation between gender and BMR with a correlation coefficient of -0.70, indicating a large effect size. In addition, it is seen that the linear regression model is significant, F(2,47) = 25.09, p<0.001, and Rsq = 0.52, indicating 52% variance in BMR. The result goes further to reveal that a unit increase in age doesn’t cause an effect on BMR. However, the female category can significantly predict BMR, B = -267.10, t(47) = -7.06, p<0.001. Based on this sample, this suggests that moving from the Male to Female category of Gender will decrease the mean value of BMR by 267.10 units on average.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 Transmission and Epidemic Characteristics in Jining City, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Jianwei Zhou ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
Cui Kong ◽  
Jiang Yu ◽  
Yizhao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Global Village ◽  
Travel History ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
History Of

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome has spread to hundreds of countries and infected millions of people, causing more than a hundred thousand deaths. This study aimed to describe the epidemic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and its transmission in a city in China.Methods: This was a descriptive study on retrospective data collected from January to February 2020 from reports issued by the authority of Jining City, China, including data on travel history, transmission, gender, and age of infected persons. Results: During the period January and February 2020, 52 cases were confirmed to be SARS-CoV-2 infections with more than half were males (n=32, 61.5%) and and in the age grup of 31–50 yars old (53.8%). The modes of transmission were mostly primary infections (n=23) and a history of travel to and from outside of Shandong Province (n=14). Interestingly, the infection was the 4th transmission and most primary infectious persons did not transmit the virus to others.Conclusions: The key characters of infected people in Jining City in early epidemic time with the exception of exogenous inputs are male gender, city dweller, and middle-aged people of 31–50 years old. There is a restricted transmission in Jining City of China at the early phrase of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, indicating that the strategy for the fight against SARS-CoV-2 is effective to some extent and worth to be learned by the members of the global village. This strategy includes actions such as home isolation, collective centralized quarantine, social distancing, and face mask use.

Letter to the Editor Concerning Skuk et al., “Parameter-Specific Morphing Reveals Contributions of Timbre and Fundamental Frequency Cues to the Perception of Voice Gender and Age in Cochlear Implant Users”

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 4325-4326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartmut Meister ◽  
Katrin Fuersen ◽  
Barbara Streicher ◽  
Ruth Lang-Roth ◽  
Martin Walger
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Stimulus Type ◽  
Voice Perception ◽  
Letter To The Editor ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
General Influence

Purpose The purpose of this letter is to compare results by Skuk et al. (2020) with Meister et al. (2016) and to point to a potential general influence of stimulus type. Conclusion Our conclusion is that presenting sentences may give cochlear implant recipients the opportunity to use timbre cues for voice perception. This might not be the case when presenting brief and sparse stimuli such as consonant–vowel–consonant or single words, which were applied in the majority of studies.

Lipophilic Statin Use and Suicidal Ideation in a Sample of Adults With Mood Disorders

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M. Davison ◽  
Bonnie J. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptom Scores ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Predominantly Female ◽  
Lipophilic Statin

Background: Mood disorders are associated with a high risk of suicide. Statin therapy has been implicated in this relationship. Aims: To further clarify reported associations between suicide and cholesterol in mental health conditions, we conducted an analysis of dietary, clinical, and suicidal ideation measures in community-living adults with mood disorders. Method: Data were used from a cross-sectional study of a randomly selected community-based sample (> 18 years; n = 97) with verified mood disorders. Dietary (e.g., fat, iron, vitamin intakes), clinical (e.g., current depression and mania symptoms, medications), and sociodemographic (age, sex, and income) measures were analyzed using bivariate statistics and Poisson regression with robust variance. Results: Participants were predominantly female (71.1%) with bipolar disorder (59.8%); almost one-third (28.9%) were taking lipophilic statins. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was more than 2.5 times in those taking statins, PR = 2.59, 95% CI 1.27–5.31, p < .05. The prevalence ratio for suicidal ideation was 1.10, 95% CI 1.06–1.15, p < .001, for each unit increase in mania symptom scores. No associations between suicidal ideation and dietary intake measures were identified. Conclusion: Individuals with mood disorders may be susceptible to neuropsychiatric effects of cholesterol-lowering drugs, which warrants further research.

Differential Performance of Professional Dancers to the Music Apperception Test and the Thematic Apperception Test

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-49
Author(s):  
Leland van den Daele ◽  
Ashley Yates ◽  
Sharon Rae Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Visual Processing ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Thematic Apperception Test ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Basic Emotions ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Thematic Apperception ◽  
Professional Dancers ◽  
Visually Based ◽  
Modality Preference

Abstract. This project compared the relative performance of professional dancers and nondancers on the Music Apperception Test (MAT; van den Daele, 2014 ), then compared dancers’ performance on the MAT with that on the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT; Murray, 1943 ). The MAT asks respondents to “tell a story to the music” in compositions written to represent basic emotions. Dancers had significantly shorter response latency and were more fluent in storytelling than a comparison group matched for gender and age. Criterion-based evaluation of dancers’ narratives found narrative emotion consistent with music written to portray the emotion, with the majority integrating movement, sensation, and imagery. Approximately half the dancers were significantly more fluent on the MAT than the TAT, while the other half were significantly more fluent on the TAT than the MAT. Dancers who were more fluent on the MAT had a higher proportion of narratives that integrated movement and imagery compared with those more fluent on the TAT. The results were interpreted as consistent with differences observed in neurological studies of auditory and visual processing, educational studies of modality preference, and the cognitive style literature. The MAT provides an assessment tool to complement visually based performance tests in personality appraisal.

Measurement Invariance of Divergent Thinking Across Gender, Age, and School Forms

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg-Tobias Kuhn ◽  
Heinz Holling
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Specific Model ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The present study explores the factorial structure and the degree of measurement invariance of 12 divergent thinking tests. In a large sample of German students (N = 1328), a three-factor model representing verbal, figural, and numerical divergent thinking was supported. Multigroup confirmatory factor analyses revealed that partial strong measurement invariance was tenable across gender and age groups as well as school forms. Latent mean comparisons resulted in significantly higher divergent thinking skills for females and students in schools with higher mean IQ. Older students exhibited higher latent means on the verbal and figural factor, but not on the numerical factor. These results suggest that a domain-specific model of divergent thinking may be assumed, although further research is needed to elucidate the sources that negatively affect measurement invariance.

Forgone health care among U.S. Adolescents: Associations between risk characteristics and confidentiality concern

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyn A. Lehrer ◽  
Robert Pantel ◽  
Kathleen Tebb ◽  
Mary-Ann Shafer
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Risk Characteristics
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