Polyolefin plastic waste hydroconversion to fuels, lubricants, and waxes: a comparative study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel A. Kots ◽  
Brandon C. Vance ◽  
Dionisios G. Vlachos
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Future Research

A direct comparison of the recent advancements in the hydrogenolysis and hydrocracking of polyolefins is lacking. This perspective aims to address this gap while providing insights from model alkane studies to guide future research.

Evaluation of the Teaching Performance of Baghdad University and Salahaddin University From The Point of View of Their Department Heads ( Comparative Study )

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 398-432
Author(s):  
Shawbo Shamsaldeen Sulayman ◽  
Thiqa Ali Abdulwahid
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Teaching Performance ◽  
Department Heads ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test

The objective of the research was to evaluate the performance of the teaching staff of the Baghdad and Salahaddin University-Erbil from the point of view of the heads of their departments in a number of different colleges as a comparative study. The research community was (247) individuals from the heads of departments in the above universities, and a sample size was chosen randomly was(197) unit, and (134) individuals from the department heads at the University of Baghdad, and (63) unit from the department heads at Salahaddin University-Erbil. To achieve the research objectives, a (closed — open) questionnaire was prepared consisting of (49) paragraphs distributed into six specific fields of alternatives. To answer it and one open question in the questionnaire, the validity and reliability of the questionnaire was verified. The data was analyzed using the (weighted mean equation, the percentage weight equation and the chi-square test). The results showed there was no differences between the responses of department heads in evaluating the teaching performance of faculty members in the research sample in two universities. In addition, a number of proposals were presented to develop the performance of faculty members from the point of view of department heads in both universities. The two researchers made a number of recommendations as well, as well as a number of proposals to conduct future research for researchers in this field.

Flotation Booms in the Cotton Spinning Industry, 1870–1890: A Comparative Study

1987 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin'ichi Yonekawa
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
American Civil War ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Local Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
Late Nineteenth

In this wide-ranging article, Professor Yonekawa identifies and examines in detail the burst of cotton spinning company formation that occurred in the late nineteenth century among the major cotton-producing nations of the world. His comparative approach allows him to focus on key local factors responsible for the company flotation booms in the areas discussed. He is also able to compare the effects of more general circumstances in the industry, such as trends in the price of raw cotton and the disruption during the American Civil War, on the various locations. Finally, his multinational approach brings to light many intriguing questions and illuminates areas for productive future research.

A comparative study on heterogeneous information network embeddings

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 3463-3473
Author(s):  
Fujiao Ji ◽  
Zhongying Zhao ◽  
Hui Zhou ◽  
Heng Chi ◽  
Chao Li
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Problem Definition ◽  
Information Networks ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Information Network ◽  
Network Embedding ◽  
Heterogeneous Information Network ◽  
Heterogeneous Information ◽  
Heterogeneous Information Networks

Heterogeneous information networks are widely used to represent real world applications in forms of social networks, word co-occurrence networks, and communication networks, etc. However, It is difficult for traditional machine learning methods to analyze these networks effectively. Heterogeneous information network embedding aims to convert the network into low dimensional vectors, which facilitates the following tasks. Thus it is receiving tremendous attention from the research community due to its effectiveness and efficiency. Although numerous methods have been present and applied successfully, there are few works to make a comparative study on heterogeneous information network embedding, which is very important for developers and researchers to select an appropriate method. To address the above problem, we make a comparative study on the heterogeneous information network embeddings. Specifically, we first give the problem definition of heterogeneous information network embedding. Then the heterogeneous information networks are classified into four categories from the perspective of network type. The state-of-the-art methods for each category are also compared and reviewed. Finally, we make a conclusion and suggest some potential future research directions.

Mismanagement of plastic waste through open burning in the Global South: A systematic review of risks to occupational and public health

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costas A Velis ◽  
Ed Cook
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Open Burning ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Large quantities of mismanaged plastic waste threaten the health and wellbeing of billions worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where waste management capacity is being outstripped by increasing levels of consumption and plastic waste generation. One of the main self-management strategies adopted by 2 billion people who have no waste collection service, is to burn their discarded plastic in open, uncontrolled fires. While this strategy provides many benefits, including mass and volume reduction, it also results in the release of chemical substances and particles that may pose serious risks to public health and the environment. We followed PRISMA guidelines to select and review 20 publications that provide evidence on potential harm to human health from open burning plastic waste, arranging evidence into eight groups of substance emissions: brominated flame retardants; phthalates; potentially toxic elements; dioxins and related compounds; bisphenol A; particulate matter; and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. We semi-quantitatively assessed 18 hazard-pathway-receptor combination scenarios to provide an indication of the relative harm of these emissions so that they could be ranked, compared and considered in future research agenda. This assessment overwhelmingly indicated high risk of harm to waste pickers, a large group of 11 million informal entrepreneurs who work closely with waste, delivering a circular economy but often without protective equipment or many structured, safe system of work. Though the risk to human health from open burning emissions is high, this remains a substantially under-researched topic.

Towards the Notion of Typical Documents in Large Collections of Documents

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieczyslaw Klopotek ◽  
Slawomir Wierzchon ◽  
Krzysztof Ciesielski ◽  
Michal Draminski ◽  
Dariusz Czerski
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Popular Opinion ◽  
Document Similarity ◽  
Pagerank Algorithm ◽  
Rank Measure ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
Similar Content

This chapter presents a new measure of document similarity – the GNGrank that was inspired by the popular opinion that links between the documents reflect similar content. The idea was to create a rank measure based on the well known PageRank algorithm which exploits the document similarity to insert links between the documents. A comparative study of various link- and content-based similarity measures, and GNGrank is performed in the context of identification of a typical document of a collection. The study suggests that each group of them measures something different, a different aspect of document space, and hence the respective degrees of typicality do not correlate. This may be an indication that for different purposes different documents may be important. A deeper study of this phenomenon is our future research goal.

Entrepreneurial Training: A Comparative Study across Fifteen European Countries

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 311-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Matricano
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Lisbon Strategy ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Entrepreneurial Training ◽  
Correct Path ◽  
Training Programmes

This paper arises from the contents of the Lisbon Strategy, a set of cooperation policies stressing the role of education and training. The findings from a comparative study of the influence that entrepreneurial training – classified as formal or informal – can have on start-up expectations are analysed. The study covers fifteen European countries and uses data derived from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) website. The results of a logistic regression model show significant differences across Europe: in some countries, start-up expectations are influenced only by participation in formal entrepreneurial training programmes; in others, they are affected only by participation in informal entrepreneurial training activities; in yet others, such expectations are induced by both formal and informal entrepreneurial training. Regarding the current status of entrepreneurial training, it appears that although the fifteen European countries are following the correct path there is still much to do to achieve the overall objectives established by the Lisbon Strategy. Some recommendations for policy makers and the implications for future research are suggested in the concluding section of the paper.

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