scholarly journals Effects of soil tillage and crop rotation on BaYMV and BaMMV mixed infection

Agronomie ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 511-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Rubies-Autonell ◽  
G. Toderi ◽  
A. Marenghi ◽  
V. Vallega
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Soil Tillage

scholarly journals No-tillage system participatory quality index

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago S. Telles ◽  
Ana J. Righetto ◽  
Marco A. P. Lourenço ◽  
Graziela M. C. Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Tillage System

ABSTRACT The no-tillage system participatory quality index aims to evaluate the quality and efficiency of soil management under no-tillage systems and consists of a weighted sum of eight indicators: intensity of crop rotation, diversity of crop rotation, persistence of crop residues in the soil surface, frequency of soil tillage, use of agricultural terraces, evaluation of soil conservation, balance of soil fertilization and time of adoption of the no-tillage system. The aim of this study was to assess the extent to which these indicators correlate with the no-tillage system participatory quality index and to characterize the farmers who participated in the research. The data used were provided by ITAIPU Binacional for the indicators of the no-tillage system participatory quality index II. Descriptive analyses were performed, and the Pearson correlation coefficient between the index and each indicator was calculated. To assess the relationship between the indicators and the farmers’ behavior toward the indicators, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were performed. Although all correlations are significant at p-value ≤ 0.05, some correlations are weak, indicating a need for improvement of the index. The principal component analysis identified three principal components, which explained 66% of the variability of the data, and the cluster analysis separated the 121 farmers into five groups. It was verified that the no-tillage system participatory quality index II has some limitations and should therefore be reevaluated to increase its efficiency as an indicator of the quality of the no-tillage system.

scholarly journals DK-RIM: Assisting Integrated Management of Lolium multiflorum, Italian Ryegrass

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Sønderskov ◽  
Gayle J. Somerville ◽  
Myrtille Lacoste ◽  
Jens Erik Jensen ◽  
Niels Holst
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Support System ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Seeding Density

Lolium multiflorum (annual Italian ryegrass) and other grass weeds are an increasing problem in cereal cropping systems in Denmark. Grass weeds are highly competitive and an increasing number of species develop resistance against the most commonly used herbicide modes of action. A diverse management strategy provides a better overall control of grass weeds and decreases the reliance on herbicides. The bio-economic decision support system, DK-RIM (Denmark-Ryegrass Integrated Management), was developed to assist integrated management of L. multiflorum in Danish cropping systems, based on the Australian RIM model. DK-RIM provides long-term estimations (10-year period) and visual outputs of L. multiflorum population development, depending on management strategies. The dynamics of L. multiflorum plants within the season and of the soil seed bank across seasons are simulated. The user can combine cultural weed control practices with chemical control options. Cultural practices include crop rotation changes, seeding density, sowing time, soil tillage system, and cover crops. Scenarios with increasing crop rotation diversity or different tillage strategies were evaluated. DK-RIM aims at being an actual support system, aiding the farmer’s decisions and encouraging discussions among stakeholders on alternative management strategies.

scholarly journals What influences the composition of fungi in wheat grains?

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biruta Bankina ◽  
Gunita Bimšteine ◽  
Ingrīda Neusa-Luca ◽  
Ance Roga ◽  
Dāvids Fridmanis
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Fusarium Avenaceum ◽  
Wheat Grains ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Pyrenophora Tritici Repentis ◽  
Total Incidence ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Tillage Method

Wheat grains are inhabited by different fungi, including plant pathogens and fungi – mycotoxin producers. The composition of seed mycobiota can be influenced by different factors, including agronomic practices, but the results are still contradictory. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mycobiota of wheat grains depending on agroecological conditions. Wheat grains were obtained from a two-factorial field trial: A – tillage system (A1 – ploughing at a depth of 22–24 cm; A2 – harrowing at a depth of up to 10 cm); B – crop rotation (B1 – continuous wheat; B2 – oilseed rape and wheat; B3 – crop rotation). The mycobiota of grain were determined by mycological and molecular methods. The most abundant and widespread of the mycobiota were <em>Pyrenophora tritici-repentis</em>, <em>Alternaria</em> spp., <em>Arthrinium</em> spp., and <em>Fusarium avenaceum</em>. Higher amounts of precipitation increased the infection of grains with <em>Fusarium</em> fungi. Seven species of <em>Fusarium</em> were identified in the grain samples: <em>F. avenaceum</em>, <em>F. poae</em>, <em>F. graminearum</em>, <em>F. culmorum</em>, <em>F. acuminatum</em>, <em>F. sporotrichioides</em>, and <em>F. tricinctum</em>. The soil tillage method and crop rotation did not influence the total incidence of <em>Fusarium</em> spp., but the abundance of a particular species differed depending on agronomic practice. The research suggests that continuous wheat sowing under conditions of reduced soil tillage can increase the level of risk of grain infection with <em>F. graminearum</em> and, consequently, the accumulation of mycotoxins.

scholarly journals CHANGE IN THE AGROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF LEACHED CHERNOZEM DEPENDING ON MINIMIZING THE BASIC SOIL TILLAGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Mars Ilyasov ◽  
Irina Suhanova ◽  
Liliya Bikkinina ◽  
Valentin Sidorov
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Leached Chernozem ◽  
Primary Tillage ◽  
Fertilizer System

The possibility of minimizing the main tillage in crop rotation, the use of a fertilizer system in order to develop methods for increasing productivity and improving agrophysical characteristics on leached chernozem of the Republic of Tatarstan is investigated. The stationary field experience in crop rotation was laid in 2016 on a busy pair (vetch-oat mix), where various systems of primary tillage were studied: annual dump plowing - control option; dump plowing, planar loosening, longline plowing, chisel loosening - in subsequent years by surface peeling. The data obtained in field experiments indicate that, using various primary tillage and fertilizer systems, agrophysical properties can be regulated, and conditions can be created for the conservation and reproduction of soil fertility of leached chernozem. The organic and mineral fertilizer system contributed to an increase in the moisture content in the meter soil layer by 2.1-16.1 mm compared to the mineral fertilizer system. Studies have shown that the introduction of manure at a rate of 60 tons per hectare before rotation of the crop rotation in 2016 contributed to a decrease in bulk density in the 0-40 cm layer compared to the LSG to 0.04 g/cm3. The water permeability of the soil depended on the depth and system of tillage, its moisture content and the crop grown. The use of a tiered soil cultivation system contributed to an increase in wheat yields for both fertilizer backgrounds by 0.8 tons per hectare (OMSU) and 0.7 tons per hectare (MSU), respectively, in comparison with the control variant. Calculations showed that the use of longline plowing in combination with small-scale processing using the organic-mineral fertilizer system ensured a reduction in the cost of main products compared to traditional waste processing to 12%, a net income growth from 1 ha to 15% and a profitability level to 22% .

scholarly journals The influence of simplified on reserve of weeds in erodible loess soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-363
Author(s):  
Marian Wesołowski ◽  
Karol Bujak
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Loess Soil ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Winter Rape ◽  
Loess Slope

In the paper the influence of diferent simplified tillage per number and seeds botanical composition of weeds in 0-25 cm of soil layer under plants crop rotation (potato-spring barley-winter rape-winter wheat) on erodible loess soil was presented. The simplifications in soil tillage relied on replaceing ploughing by cultivation, rotary cultivator tillage or Gramoxone formula. The replaceing ploughing by cultivations or rotary cultivator tillage especially bringing in chemical tillage instead of after-harvest cultivation increasing the number of weeds seed under all plants excluding spring barley. Resource of weeds seed under all plants of crop rotation were formated mainly by short duration species, especially <i>Chenopodium album</i> and <i>Viola arvensis</i> as well as <i>Stellaria media</i> (potato, barley, wheat) and <i>Veronica persica</i> (wheat). It was proven that the number of weeds seed in 0-25 cm of soil layer on erodible loess slope depended from plant species more than the way of soil tillage.

scholarly journals The effects of soil tillage and crop rotation on the development of winter wheat leaf diseases

2015 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biruta Bankina ◽  
Antons Ruža ◽  
Līga Paura ◽  
Ilze Priekule
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Wheat Leaf

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY EVALUATION OF SOIL TILLAGE AND PLANT PROTECTION OF GRAIN LEGUMES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE VOLGA REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
A.L. Toygildin ◽  
◽  
M.I. Podsevalov ◽  
R.A. Mustafina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Yield Increase

The article presents results of studies of comparative productivity and cultivation economic efficiency of soybeans, peas, lupine and chickpeas, depending on main tillage systems in crop rotation and the level of plant protection from harmful organisms. Grain legumes are capable of forming a seed yield of 2.0 t / ha in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Volga region. Three-year experimental studies have shown that the studied leguminous crops can be arranged in the following row according to the yield level: peas - 2.51 t / ha> lupine - 2.12 t / ha> chickpea –2.11 t / ha> soybean - 2.10 t / ha. Evaluation of the effect of soil tillage in cultivation of grain legumes showed a significant yield increase by plowing for 25-27 cm in comparison with tillage for 12-14 cm for all the studied crops, a yield increase for adaptive-integrated plant protection was also noted in comparison with minimum protection (protection only against weeds). Studies show that lupine crops had an advantage in protein content, its yield is from 533 to 802 kg / ha, as for soybeans, protein yield was 449-666 kg / ha, peas - 430-521 kg / ha, and chickpeas - 346-486 kg / ha with the advantage of the mentioned variants. A higher conditional net income was obtained on soybeans (31555-44584 rubles / ha) and chickpeas (27777-40037 rubles / ha), especially on combined tillage in crop rotation. Plant protection systems had an equal impact on economic efficiency of their cultivation; in some variants, adaptively integrated plant protection was less effective

scholarly journals The effectiveness of the methods of basic processing of gray forest soil in the link of crop rotation in the production of spring rapeseed and surepitsa seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (46) ◽  
pp. 11-11
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Maximum Intensity ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
High Increase ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Row Crop

The article offers studies to determine the effectiveness of processing methods for the productivity of spring rapeseed and surepitsa on the dark gray forest soil of the Ryazan region. As a result, it was revealed that the maximum intensity of decomposition of flax tissue was recorded in the steam link of the crop rotation using the dump method of basic tillage for oilseed cabbage crops. The maximum yield of rapeseed was observed on the variant of the steam link of crop rotation + dump processing (31.3 c / ha), in the surepitsa (25.6 c/ha). A high increase in oilseeds in this variant is 4.7 c / ha, where the NSR05 factor with 0.97 c / ha relative to the minimum basic tillage was recorded in 2015. In the experiment, the trends of increasing the yield of oilseeds of spring rapeseed and surepitsa in the fallow link of the crop rotation relative to the row crop are revealed. The maximum oil content of rapeseed was noted in the rowed link of crop rotation during milling tillage (47.6%); in surepitsa – in the rowed link of crop rotation also during milling (45.1%). Keywords: SPRING RAPESEED, SPRING SUREPITSA, DARK GRAY FOREST SOIL, TILLAGE, YIELD, OIL CONTENT

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