scholarly journals Impact of oil contamination of grey forest soil on its nutrient status and plant safety

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00046
Author(s):  
Regina A. Osipova ◽  
Minnegali Yu. Gilyazov ◽  
Svetlana Zh. Kuzhamberdieva ◽  
Bahytbek B. Abzhalelov
Keyword(s):  
Humus Content ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Weak Acid ◽  
Oil Contamination ◽  
Plant Safety ◽  
Grey Forest Soil ◽  
Acid Reaction ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

The study was carried out in the Republic of Tatarstan (Volga Federal District of the Russian Federation) in grey forest middle loamy soil with weak acid reaction of the medium, low humus content, increased content of labile forms of phosphorus and potassium. The soil was deliberately contaminated with oil at a dose of 25 l/m2. There is close positive linear relationship (R2=0.845) between the amount of bens(a)pyrene (BP) and petroleum substances in soil. The BP content in oil-contaminated horizons (0–15, 15–30, 30–45 cm) of soil exceeded the maximum allowable concentration by 10.5–19.5 times that demonstrates a serious threat to vegetable products growing on oil-contaminated lands. Due to oil contamination, the content of most labile forms of nutrients (N, P, K, B, Mo, Zn) decreased and others remained unchanged (Cu, Co) or increased (Mn). At the same time, these changes were not so significant, because the groups of soil supply with labile forms of nutrients, except phosphorus and potassium, did not change under the influence of oil.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF POLLUTION OF GRAY FOREST SOIL BY OIL ON SPRING BARLEY PRODUCTIVITY AND COEFFICIENTS OF USE OF NUTRIENT SUBSTANCES FROM SOIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Regina Osipova ◽  
Minnegali Gilyazov ◽  
Salavat Galavetdinov
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Yield Level ◽  
Mobile Phosphorus ◽  
Uncontaminated Soil ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

The work is devoted to assessing the effect of a single oil pollution of the soil on the yield and chemical composition of spring barley plants during four rotations of crop rotation. The study was conducted in 2004-2018 on the experimental field of Agrochemistry and Soil Science Department of Kazan State Agrarian University, located in the ancestral zone of the Republic of Tatarstan. The soil of the experimental plot is gray forest medium loamy, which is the prevailing soil difference for this zone. Uncontaminated soil was characterized by a low humus content and a slightly acidic reaction of the medium, an increased content of mobile phosphorus and an average supply of mobile forms of potassium and trace elements (B, Mo, Mn, Cu, Zn, Co). The soil was artificially contaminated with salable oil at the rate of 20 l/m2, which, as shown by previous studies of the department, corresponds to the average level of pollution. The effect of oil pollution of gray forest soil on the productivity of barley sown 2, 6, 10 and 14 years after pollution was studied. A statistically significant decrease in the yield of spring barley was established within 14 years from the moment of contamination. As the pollution ages, the yields on contaminated soil gradually approach the yield level of the control (uncontaminated) soil. In all years of observation, a decrease in grain yield from oil pollution of the soil was more significant than a decrease in straw yield. Old oil pollution of gray forest soil had a weak effect on the content of total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the plants of spring barley. The spring barley utilization rates of mineral nitrogen and mobile phosphorus in gray forest soil under the influence of old oil pollution decreased by about 1/4, and mobile potassium by 1/5.

scholarly journals Statistical parameters of the properties of agro-gray soils in the Northern part of the forest-steppe

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00112
Author(s):  
Lilia Gaffarova ◽  
Albina Serzhanova
Keyword(s):  
Humus Content ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Acid Reaction ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Systematic Group

The paper analyzes the regional statistical characteristics of analytical and morphometric properties of agro-gray soils formed in one-factor conditions of the Privyatskaya band of the Pre-Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan. The sampling of analytical data was carried out in accordance with the systematic group and non-eroded soil analogues. The upper part of the soil profile of the studied soil has a low humus content, medium acid reaction, the profile distribution of the sum of absorbed bases is almost uniform and is in the range of 22.6 to 26.8 mmol /100 g of soil. Generalization of the accumulated analytical and morphological information is a zero cycle of monitoring of arable soils and can serve as a reference for comparison to identify changes in the properties and morphological structure of arable soils in the region. In conditions of intensive agriculture, statistical parameters make it possible to purposefully manage soil fertility in the studied region.

scholarly journals Yield and Chemical Composition of Spring Wheat Harvest on Oil-contaminated Grey Forest Soil

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minnegali Gilyazov ◽  
Regina Osipova ◽  
Amir Ravzutdinov ◽  
Svetlana Kuzhamberdieva
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Grey Forest Soil ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

The study was carried out in the Republic of Tatarstan (Povolzhsky Federal District of the Russian Federation) in the conditions of grey forest medium loamy soil with weakly acidic reaction of the environment, low humus content, increased and average content of mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium respectively. The soil was intentionally polluted with oil at the rate of 10, 20 and 40 l/m2. Close negative correlation of spring wheat yield from oil dose (R2=0,945...0,997) and positive dependence on the statute of limitations of single soil contamination (R2=0,713...0,993) was established. The possibility of gradual, though slow, natural elimination of phytotoxicity of oil-contaminated grey forest soil without special methods of recultivation is noted. The content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in spring wheat plants under the influence of oil pollution has not changed significantly, but accumulation of carcinogenic substances in them was found. It is indicated that for the objective assessment of detoxification of oil-contaminated soils it is necessary to take into account not only the productivity of plants, but also to study in depth the chemical composition of the crop.

scholarly journals Agrobiological basis of wheat yield formation Dicoccum Schrank (spelt) in the ancestral domain of the Republic of Tatarstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00072
Author(s):  
Farit Shaikhutdinov ◽  
Igor Serzhanov ◽  
Albina Serzhanova ◽  
Abdulsamat Valiev ◽  
Venera Aksakova
Keyword(s):  
Humus Content ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Layer 4 ◽  
Seed Placement ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Yield Formation

The article presents the results of a three-year (2016–2018) study on the role of seeding rates taking into account the depth of seeding on different backgrounds of mineral nutrition in the conditions of gray forest soils in the middle Volga region. Experiments were conducted on the pilot field of the Department of Plant Industry and Horticulture of Kazan State Automobile University. Soil of the experimental site is characterized by the following agrochemical indicators: humus content – 2.9–3.2 % (according to Tyurin), the sum of the absorbed bases – 27 mg.-per 100 g of soil, light hydrolysable nitrogen – 79.0...110 mg/1000 g (according to Corinth), mobile phosphorus and potassium (according to Kirsanov) – 105...184 and 79...149 mg/1000 g of soil, pHsol.– 5.6–5.7. Research material – double-grain wheat Triticum Dicoccum Schrank (spelt) grade Runo. During all the years of research, the soil layer 4 and 6 cm was the most wetted during the sprouting phase. On average, for 3 years the best completeness of sprouting was provided by sowing rates of 4–5 million germplasm seeds per hectare at the depth of seed placement by 2 and 4 cm. Safety of plants to full ripeness at sowing of 6 million grains per hectare on both feeding backgrounds made up at planting of seeds on 2 cm – 414–423 pieces/m2, 4 cm – 411–432 and 6 cm – 356–374 plants on 1 m2. The highest yield for 3 years on average on both feeding grounds (1.93...2.55 t/ha) was provided by sowing 4 million grains per hectare when planting seeds by 4 cm.

IMAGE OF THE REPUBLIC OF MORDOVIA IN THE MEDIA VOLGA FEDERAL DISTRICT (BASED ON CONTENT ANALYSIS OF NEWS PUBLICATIONS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
LARISA ZAITSEVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Information Content ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Information Space ◽  
Political News ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Number Of Publications

The territorial image is formed both purposefully by the subjects of image-making, and spontaneously-based on the influence of information content published in various media. The purpose of the research is to analyze the image of the Republic of Mordovia in the information space of the Volga Federal district. The image of the territory formed by external target audiences by means of news materials is studied using the method of case study and content analysis of publications: “Volga news”, “Federal Press” news of the PFD, “Pravda PFD”. The authors conclude that modern reality is perceived through the prism of the information field created by mass media. The media creates images filled with certain data, facts, colored by emotions, on the basis of which representations, opinions, judgments, and assessments are subsequently formed. The media play a significant role in shaping the territorial image, especially for external target audiences who are not familiar with the region and do not have their own assessment knowledge and experience. Most of the information content about the Republic in the studied media is related to the main thematic blocks: politics, economy, social sphere, culture (art, sports). Moreover, if in the publications “Volga news” and “Pravda PFD” mention of the region prevails in the economic block, then in the publications “Federal Press” and “Nezavisimaya Gazeta” - in the political one. The Volga news publication significantly dominates the rest in terms of the number of publications about Mordovia. The content of publications is mostly positive and neutral related to the issues of economic development of the territory and the preparation and holding of the world football championship. Pravda PFD mentions the Republic in the context of news from neighboring territories, most of the publications date back to 2018, but here the context is related to the Republic's positions among the regions of the PFD in various ratings. The publication “Federal-Press” forms a generally reflective image of the territory, focusing on the negative aspects of regional life. “Nezavisimaya Gazeta”, giving priority to political news, maintains a neutral and reflective context of publications, paying attention to the key problems of the territory. Thus, the desired image of the region is counter-dictated to the image broadcast by the media through various information channels, so it is necessary to constantly monitor the information space and timely correction of the broadcast materials.

The interaction of higher education system with the labor market: A study of the labor market in the regions of the Volga Federal District

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 456-480
Author(s):  
R.B. Galeeva
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Education System ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Expert Survey ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One

Subject .This article discusses the need to bring into line with the future activities of specialists the content of their preparation, the formation of a system model of higher education, which takes into account today's and prospective requirements of the labor market. Objectives. The article aims to research the labor market in four regions of the Volga Federal District of the Russian Federation: the Republic of Tatarstan, Mari El Republic, Chuvash Republic, and the Ulyanovsk oblast, as well as discuss problems and prospects of interaction of universities with enterprises and organizations of these regions. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of logical and statistical analyses, and in-depth expert survey. Results. The article analyzes the state of regional labor markets, presents the results of the expert survey of labor market representatives and heads of the regional education system, and it defines possible ways of harmonizing the interaction of universities with the labor market. Conclusions. The article notes that although the number of employed with higher education is growing, at the same time there is a shortage of highly qualified personnel in certain professions, on the one hand, and unskilled workers, on the other. Also, the article says that the universities do not prepare the necessary for the regions specialists in a number of professions or they provide a set of competencies different from the requirements of the labor market, so it is necessary to form and develop effective directions of cooperation between educational institutions and employers.

Unemployment as an indicator of economic security in the employment sector: A regional dimension

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-729
Author(s):  
T.N. Savina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
National Development ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Band Theory ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

Subject. To achieve a high level of economic security is a key priority of national development. Employment reveals one of the most important aspects of social development of the individual that is associated with his or her needs satisfaction in the sphere of employment and is boon to economic security. Objectives. The purpose of the study is to show the impact of unemployment on economic security in employment. Methods. I apply such scientific methods as dialectical, historical and logical unity, structural and functional analysis, traditional techniques of economic analysis and synthesis. The methods of multivariate statistical and comparative analysis serve as a methodological basis of the study. To determine the indicator of unemployment, I use the band theory. Results. I underpin the growing role of employment in ensuring economic security. The paper presents a comprehensive assessment of the unemployment status and a comparative analysis of the indicator in the Republic of Mordovia, the Volga Federal District, and the Russian Federation as a whole. I identify trends in the average duration of unemployment, show the distribution of unemployed by level of education and age groups. Conclusions. The average annual unemployment rate in the Republic of Mordovia is lower than in Russia and the Volga Federal District. The findings may be useful for public authorities to substantiate their employment policy at both macro- and meso-levels, for designing programs and strategies for socio-economic development of regions and the social security doctrine, as well as in practical activities of employment services.

Elemental status of the adult able-bodied population of the Republic of Buryatia

2019 ◽  
pp. 308-313
Author(s):  
Inna Yu. Tarmaeva ◽  
Anatoliy V. Skalny ◽  
Olga G. Bogdanova ◽  
Andrey R. Grabeklis ◽  
Alexandr I. Belykh
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Electrolyte Imbalance ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Elemental Status ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

Introduction.The study of the elemental status of the population of individual regions of the Russian Federation with the purpose of scientific development and implementation of measures for elimination of revealed elementosis is a promising direction for preventive medicine.The aim of the studyis to study the elemental status of the adult able-bodied population of the Republic of Buryatia, which was part of the Siberian Federal district (SFD) until 2018.Materials and methods.The analysis was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) on the basis of the accredited laboratory of “Center of biotic medicine”. (Moscow; ISO 9001: 2008 certificate 54Q10077 from 21.05.2010). The content of chemical elements in the hair of 130 adults (102 women and 28 men) aged 25–50 years was studied. This indicator serves as an indicator in assessing the impact of the environment on the human body. Methods of nonparametric statistics were used for mathematical processing of the data.Results.For women living in the Republic of Buryatia, the maximum values of Zn, increased levels of Cu, Li, Si were revealed; for men — the maximum values of Mg, Cr, Si, increased levels of P, Li, Se, V, Pb. Minimum values were found for P, Fe, V. Elemental status indicates a significant degree of prevalence of essential trace element deficiencies and electrolyte imbalance. The obtained data can be used as reference values for the content of chemical elements in the hair of adults living in the Republic of Buryatia.Conclusions:Elemental analysis of the population of the Republic of Buryatia indicates imbalances among the adult working-age population.

Dynamics of phosphorus and potassium in the soil under the tea culture when using organic

2020 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Elmira Mirza Aga Vekilova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
Manure Compost ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Higher Doses

In the Lankaran region of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the effect of manure, compost in two doses - 10 and 30 t/ha and green mass of green manure 30 t/ha were tested under tea culture. Studies have shown the beneficial effect of these fertilizers on the dynamics of phosphorus and potassium in yellow-podzolic soil. The best results were found when applying higher doses of these fertilizers. It should also be noted that the preparation from waste and the use of environmentally friendly organic fertilizers is of great importance, which plays an important role in protecting the environment from pollution. Key words: organic fertilizers, phosphorus, potassium, tea culture

scholarly journals Integral Assessment of the Development Level of Electronic Business in the Regions of the Volga Federal District

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
M. V. Bikeeva ◽  
K. V. Belash
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Electronic Business ◽  
Development Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

Purpose of the study. Information and communication technologies are becoming a powerful tool for the development of electronic business. Today, the leaders in the global economic and political space are precisely those countries that have learned to determine the vector of development of information technologies and use new opportunities for their application. The development of innovative digital technologies in Russia and in the world is widely discussed in the framework of various discussion platforms. In particular, at the International Forum “The Digital Future of the Global Economy” (January 31, 2020 Almaty), digitalization of trade processes between the EAEU membercountries became one of the main topics. The annual Tech Week conference (Moscow) is becoming a traditional place for discussing the implementation of innovative technologies in business, as well as for the exchange of experience of leading Russian and world corporations in the field of electronic business. In this regard, there is a need for a comprehensive statistical assessment of the development level of electronic business of the territory.Materials and methods. The research was based on the data of the Federal State Statistics Service for 2018 for the regions of the Volga federal district, and the results of monitoring the development of the information society in the Russian Federation. As a tool for assessing the degree of digitalization of business in the regions of the Volga federal district, the graphic polygon (radar) method is used.Results. The article provides a retrospective analysis of the stages of development of electronic business in Russia. Among the characteristic features of the modern stage of its development are the mass introduction of Internet technologies and the transformation of traditional business methods. The introduction of advanced information and communication technologies contributes to greater involvement of the business sector in electronic business. In terms of the level of development of information and communication technologies (ICT Development Index), Russia ranks 45th among the countries of the world. For the period 2010 - 2018 the development of electronic business in Russia has a positive trend. According to the results of 2018, the volume of the Russian e-commerce market amounted to 1280 billion rubles, or 4.1% of the total trade turnover. According to forecast estimates, by 2023 the volume of Russian e-commerce market will grow to 8.5% of the total turnover and amount to 2780 billion rubles. An integrated assessment of the development level of electronic business was carried out according to sixteen local criteria. As a result of calculating the private and local ranks of the values of the relevant criteria, fourteen polygons of the level of development of electronic business were constructed by the number of regions of the Volga federal district. The results obtained allow us to state the existence of a high degree of heterogeneity of the regions of the Volga federal district according to the integral indicator under study. Among the leading regions in terms of electronic business development are the Republic of Tatarstan, Perm krai and Nizhny Novgorod region. Outsider regions – the Mari El Republic, the Republic of Mordovia, and the Kirov region – are characterized by a low percentage of organizations that used the capabilities of the Intranet and Extranet, the absence of special software for managing sales of goods (works, services), and limited use of software, in particular ERP, CRM and SCM systems.Conclusion. The widespread use of information and communication technologies entails the expansion of opportunities and improving the quality of coordination of business activities. We should remember that if modern business cannot quickly adapt to the new requirements of the digital economy, then it risks becoming uncompetitive. The results of the study revealed a differentiation in the development of electronic business in the regions of the Volga federal district. A similar situation is observed in most constituent entities of the Russian Federation and is due in many respects to specific reasons for each region. The timely fulfillment of the goals and objectives of digital transformations in the Russian Federation reflected in the Digital Economy of the Russian Federation Program and other regulatory documents will help to smooth out the existing imbalances.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document