scholarly journals Effects of Different Material Total Solid on Biogas Production Characteristics

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Yu-Ming Sun ◽  
Xiao-Mei Huang ◽  
Yin-Hu Kang
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
The Past ◽  
Production Characteristics

In China, livestock manure emission has resulted in severe pollution to the environment and it is an efficient spreading agent of diseases. For this reason, the biogas has gotten a rapid development in the past few decades. As a kind of renewable and clean energy, many studies have indicated the prospect of biogas to replace fossil fuels in the future. However, the methane industrial production process is unstable due to various factors. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the biogas fermentation efficiency. In this paper, the influences of the raw materials and the total solids (TS) concentration on biogas production characteristics are studied, where the utilization of raw materials can be reflected by the biogas production rate in the results. The results showed the anaerobic fermentation cycle is prolonged and biogas yield increases, but the utilization decreases with TS increases.

scholarly journals Study of C/N Ratio Effect on Biogas Production of Carica Solid Waste by SS-AD Method And LS-AD

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 03055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bakti Jos ◽  
Fariha Hundagi ◽  
Rizqi Pindy Wisudawati ◽  
Budiyono ◽  
Siswo Sumardiono
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Total Composition ◽  
Kinetics Of

Biogas is a renewable energy which can be used as an alternative source to replace fossil fuels. Recently, the use of energy has become an important issue because the oil sources and natural gas are depleting. Utilization of carica waste to produce biogas can reduce the consumption of commercial energy sources such as kerosene as well as the use of firewood. Biogas is produced by the process of organic material digestion by certain anaerobic bacterial activity in anaerobic digester. In this study we studied the influence of LS-AD and SS-AD methods, the effect of C / N ratio on biogas yield obtained and kinetics of biogas production reaction. The study was conducted by making a total solid variation of 7%, 9%, 11%, 13%, 19%, 21%, 23% and C/N ratio 25 and 30. The study started with carica waste collection process and examination of the total composition of solids and water content. Thereafter, calculation and determination of variation of C / N ratio by mixing the substrate with inoculum and urea into the reactor. Observe the volume of biogas produced every two-day intervals. The highest biogas production rate of 1.7825 ml/g TS day was obtained from carica solid waste variable by liquid state anaerobic disgestion and C/N 25.

scholarly journals International overview on waste to biofuel options with a focsu on waste potentials in Germany and funding incentives in the EC

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-191
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Double Counting ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ghg Reduction

Biofuels represent a possibility to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions within the transport sector. In this context the sustainability of biofuels, especially so called 1st generation biofuels led to controversial discussions in the past. Biofuels from waste and residues represent a well suited but quantitative limited alternative due to their sustainability. At an international level, different approaches for converting waste and residues into biofuels can be found. Developing countries in general use classic transesterification of waste fats to produce biodiesel. Technically advanced options such as pyrolysis, gasification, Fischer-Tropsch-Diesel, anaerobic fermentation and distillation, as well as biogas production coupled with biomethane upgrading, are mostly found in industrialized countries. Within this study, different waste to biofuel options are reviewed ranging from small scale to industrial scale and take into account used raw materials, technological application and (potential) GHG-reduction. Further the potential of several wastes and residues for gasification processes and synthesis of biofuels in Germany is described. Biofuel from waste offers promising funding incentives because of the “double counting” according to 2009/28/EC and the switch in mandatory blending from an amount based quota to a GHG-based blending quota in 2015.

Experimental Study on Energy Conversion Efficiency of Biogas Fermentation of Sorghum Distilled Residue Based on Properties of Raw Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 675 ◽  
pp. 374-378
Author(s):  
Bin Yang ◽  
Fa Gen Yang ◽  
Wu Di Zhang ◽  
Fang Yin ◽  
Xing Ling Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Biogas Yield

In order to gain biogas production potential and energy conversion efficiency of biogas fermentation of sorghum distilled residue (SDR), the anaerobic batch fermentation experiments were performed at 30 degrees Celsius. After experiments, we got experimental results as follows: biogas production of SDR during total fermentation time of 28days is 2885mL; properties of raw materials including: TS is 88.58%, VS is 16.69%, heating value is 15.684kJ/g, TS biogas yield is 220mL/g, VS biogas yield is 1300ml/g, raw material biogas yield is 190mL/g, and energy conversion efficiency of biogas fermentation of SDR is 30.38%. The results indicate that biogas fermentation is an effective new method to recycle clean energy from SDR.

scholarly journals CREATION OF A COMPUTER-ASSISTED MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR THE RAW MATERIALS BIOLOGICAL PROCESSING

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 640-654
Author(s):  
Manat B. TLEBAYEV ◽  
Bolotbek I. BIIBOSUNOV ◽  
Zhazira K. TASZHUREKOVA ◽  
Marina A. BAIZHARIKOVA ◽  
Zamira K. AITBAYEVA
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Methane Concentration ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Biogas Yield

During anaerobic fermentation, the alternation of liquid and solid substances in the substrate makes the bacteria adapt to changing conditions, which significantly reduces the biogas yield, reduces the methane concentration in it, and increases the retention time of the substrate in the bioreactor. The solution to this problem when using cavitation destruction can not only minimize temperature nonuniformity but also solve the problem of the same load on the biocenosis and maximum contact surface of bacteria during anaerobic fermentation in the bioreactor. Studies have shown that the composition and quantity of biogas are not constant and depend on the type of substrate being processed and the biogas production technology. To stabilize the composition of the resulting biogas and bring it to a high-quality, independent alternative energy source, it is possible using membrane destruction or crushing of organic raw materials. The energy consumption, fermentation time, and methane concentration in the final biogas output depend on the primary treatment. This work proposes a mathematical model of the process of crushing, dispersing, and blending waste from dairy and fattening farms, which allows to determine and optimize its operating parameters, as well as to promote effective anaerobic fermentation of the substrate in the bioreactor. To determine the mathematical model for the raw materials biological processing with known theoretical or experimental parameters, numerical methods were used, which are one of the powerful mathematical tools for solving the problem. The results of the operational parameters of the studied processes were obtained using the Mathcad environment and tested in the SCADA Trace Mode 6.10.1 automated process control and monitoring software package.

scholarly journals Biogas from Anaerobic Digestion as an Energy Vector: Current Upgrading Development

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2742
Author(s):  
Raquel Iglesias ◽  
Raúl Muñoz ◽  
María Polanco ◽  
Israel Díaz ◽  
Ana Susmozas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Vector Current ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Materials Used

The present work reviews the role of biogas as advanced biofuel in the renewable energy system, summarizing the main raw materials used for biogas production and the most common technologies for biogas upgrading and delving into emerging biological methanation processes. In addition, it provides a description of current European legislative framework and the potential biomethane business models as well as the main biogas production issues to be addressed to fully deploy these upgrading technologies. Biomethane could be competitive due to negative or zero waste feedstock prices, and competitive to fossil fuels in the transport sector and power generation if upgrading technologies become cheaper and environmentally sustainable.

scholarly journals Anaerobic digestion of mixed dried fallen leaves by mixing with cow dung

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Rouf ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
T Rabeya ◽  
Ak Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Glass Bottle ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Biogas Reactors ◽  
Biogas Reactor ◽  
Fallen Leaves

An investigation was carried out for the production of biogas from dry fallen leaves. The sample was collected from BCSIR campus of Dhaka in winter. The substrate was mixed leaves mainly mahogany (75%), eucalyptus (10 %) and rain tree (15 %) leaves. The study was carried out by whole leaves and crushed leaves directly followed by aerobic pretreatment at 8% total solid (TS) concentration. The raw materials were fed into two liter capacity glass bottle bio digester on batch basis for 60 days at ambient temperature. Different proportion of substrate and cow dung were mixed to get the optimum mix for maximum yield of biogas. The biogas reactor containing 6% crushed and pretreated leaves mixed with 2% cow dung (on 8% TS basis) gave maximum (0.199 l/g) biogas yield. The biogas yield from leaves without pretreatment was found to be too low (0.0106 l/g) for 8%. The COD reduction, VS reduction and methane composition of two biogas reactors have been determined where biogas yield were relatively higher. The maximum methane content of the biogas was found to be about 69.3%.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 50(3), 163-168, 2015

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF KINETIC MODELS FOR BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM RICE STRAW

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukhi Mulia Shitophyta ◽  
Maryudi Maryudi ◽  
Budiyono Budiyono
Keyword(s):  
Linear Equation ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Renewable Energies ◽  
Energy Crisis ◽  
Exponential Equation

The rising of global energy demand has led to an energy crisis, especially fossil energy. The development of renewable energies is needed to overcome the energy crisis. Biogas is one of renewable energies (biofuels) which is developed to minimize the dependency on fossil fuels. Biogas can be derived from agricultural wastes such as rice straw. The aim of this research was to compare the kinetic models of biogas production form rice straw using the linear and exponential equations models. This research was conducted at the total solid (TS) content of 20%, 22% and 24%. The result showed that the exponential equation had a better correlation than the linear equation on the ascending period of biogas production, while linear equation was better than exponential equation during descending period.

scholarly journals Biological And Thermal Pretreatment Of Lignocellulosic Materials For Enhanced Biogas Production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samer Dahahda
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Lignocellulosic Materials ◽  
Thermal Pretreatment ◽  
Biological Pretreatment ◽  
Biogas Yield

The rapid depletion of natural resources and the environmental concerns associated with the use of fossil fuels as the main source of global energy is leading to an increased interest in alternative and renewable energy sources. Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant source of organic materials that can be utilized as an energy source. Anaerobic digestion has been proven to be an effective technology for converting organic material into energy products such as biogas. However, the nature of lignocellulosic materials hinders the ability of microorganisms in an anaerobic digestion process to degrade and convert organic material to biogas. Therefore, a pretreatment step is necessary to improve the degradability of lignocellulosic materials and achieve higher biogas yield. Several pretreatment methods have been studied over the past few years including physical, thermal, chemical and biological pretreatment. This paper reviews biological and thermal pretreatment as two main promising methods used to improve biogas production from lignocelluloses. A greater focus is given on enzymatic pretreatment which is one of the promising yet under-researched biological pretreatment method. The paper addresses challenges in degrading lignocellulosic materials and the current status of research to improve biogas yield from lignocelluloses through biological and thermal pretreatment.

scholarly journals The architectural design in time of crisis. A research of "roots" to support the development

2015 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Forlani
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The Past ◽  
Capacity Limit ◽  
Environment Capacity ◽  
Design Paradigm ◽  
Brundtland Report

<p>Vitruvius wrote the first treatise of Architecture and in it we find the fundamental recommendations for a good design. In the past 50 years it seems, instead, that each of these directions had been lost and there is today the need of promoting a new design paradigm that is attentive to nowadays criticalities and directed to sustainable development.<br />The term sustainability starts to configure the quality of human actions since the 80’s following reflections on the resources limit (raw materials and fossil fuels) and the environment capacity limit of absorbing emissions and waste.<br />The concept of sustainable development was elaborated in 1987 in the Brundtland report according to the need of distinguishing it from the concept of growth, that is to say with the goal of tending simultaneously toward the quality verification of programs in the environmental, social and economic dimensions.<br />All that invited the whole society to reconsider its "lifestyle" that, in the specific field of architecture, meant finding a new design approach geared to a lower consumption and greater caution and responsibility in the choices.<br />The configuration of a new design paradigm can trace their roots in the study of history and can proceed to evaluate the actions in a broad context of skills to ensure the quality of the products.</p>

scholarly journals Verification of the Green Microalgae Biomass Use for Biogas Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Natalia Głowacka ◽  
Ján Gaduš
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Green Microalgae ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Microalgae Biomass ◽  
The World

Abstract The article reviews the energy potential of microalgae as an alternative raw material for anaerobic digestion. Currently, energy security is one of the main topics among researchers. The amount of generated fossil fuels is limited, it is a question of time when fossil fuels will not continue to be accessible at low cost. There is a need to find an alternative carrier of energy which will replace the fossil fuels in the World. Green microalgae can be proposed as a possible bio raw-material, which can be used as an input material in order to produce energy. Lots of alternative technologies of algae cultivation are currently being developed all over the world. There is a necessity to search for a sensible way to produce algal biomass for bioenergy purposes, while maintaining all requirements involved in environmental and economic issues. The research results presented in the science article show that microalgae biomass is the proper alternative material for biogas production with the method of anaerobic fermentation. We believe that these research results can contribute to the future development of all forms of renewable energy in the Slovak Republic.

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