scholarly journals Ozone as one of the factors affecting the safety of water supply

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 00003
Author(s):  
Józef Natonek
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Water Disinfection ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Treatment Processes

Ozone, due to its strong oxidizing properties, is often used in high efficiency water treatment processes. It is not only used for water disinfection, but also for carboxylic acid, a product of its reaction, which highly contributes towards increasing biodegradability of organic substances in water, thus leading to higher quality of drinking water. This paper presents results of using mobile ozone devices as a way of local microorganisms elimination and sediments removal from WSS.

scholarly journals Long-Term Drinking Water Quality Assessment Using Index and Multivariate Statistical Analysis for Three Water Treatment Plants of Erbil City, Iraq

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Hayder Mohammed Issa ◽  
Reem Ahmed Alrwai
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

Safe source of drinking water is always considered as an essential factor in water supply for cities and urban areas. As a part of this issue, drinking water quality is monitored via a useful scheme: developing drinking water quality index DWQI. DWQI is preferably used as it summarizes the whole physicochemical and bacteriological properties of a drinking water sample into a single and simple term. In this study, an evaluation was made for three drinking water treatment plants DWTPs named: Efraz 1, Efraz 2 and Efraz 3 that supply drinking water to Erbil City. The assessment was made by testing thirteen physicochemical and two bacteriological parameters during a long period of (2003 – 2017). It has been found that turbidity, electrical conductivity EC, total alkalinity, total hardness, total coliform and fecal coliform have more influence on drinking water quality. DWQI results showed that the quality of drinking water supplied by the three DWTPs in Erbil City fallen within good level. Except various occasional periods where the quality was varying from good to fair. The quality of the drinking water supply never reached the level of marginal or poor over the time investigated. The applied hierarchical clustering analysis HCA classifies the drinking water dataset into three major clusters, reflecting diverse sources of the physicochemical and bacteriological parameter: natural, agriculture and urban discharges.

scholarly journals Ecological And Hygienic Aspects Of Optimization Of Water Supply Of The Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Feruzakhon Tulkinjonovna Abduvalieva ◽  
◽  
Feruza Lyutpillaevna Azizova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Integral Approach ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Laboratory Control ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

The high quality of drinking water is the result of a comprehensive solution to a number of problems, the main of which are the development and implementation of modern water treatment technologies, the use of effective laboratory control mechanisms, optimization of water supply, an integral approach to assessing the quality of drinking water, the use of hygienically sound solutions in terms of water supply and sanitation.

Sanitary and epidemiological situation in the Lower Volga Region: problems and solutions

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Л.В. Боронина
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Lower Volga

Волга почти на всем протяжении от Твери до Астрахани является истощенным водоемом по качественному составу. По Нижневолжскому бассейну ресурс экологически чистой воды составляет не более 3% общих ресурсов поверхностных вод Астраханской области. В связи с этим в Астраханской области проблемы качества питьевой воды обусловлены загрязнением природной воды, неудовлетворительной очисткой ее на водопроводных станциях, вторичным загрязнением в разводящих сетях. Проведен анализ экологического состояния Нижней Волги, а также оценка его влияния на качество питьевого водоснабжения. Применяемые в Астраханской области технологии очистки воды для водоснабжения запроектированы и построены в 1960–70-е годы и не рассчитаны на грязевую нагрузку по качеству и количеству, значительно отличающуюся от современной ситуации. Проведен анализ работы водозаборных и водопроводных очистных сооружений, который показал, что они находятся в крайне неудовлетворительном техническом состоянии и морально устарели. Предложены пути решения вопросов по улучшению качества питьевого водоснабжения с учетом сложившейся кризисной экологической обстановки на Нижней Волге и мирового опыта. Almost along the entire length from Tver to Astrakhan, the Volga River has been a depleted water reservoir in terms of its qualitative composition. In the Lower Volga basin the resource of ecologically clean water is less than 3% of the total surface water resources of the Astrakhan Region. In this regard, drinking water quality problems in the Astrakhan Region have been caused by natural water pollution, poor water treatment at the waterworks, secondary pollution in the distribution networks. The ecological state of the Lower Volga has been analyzed, and its impact on the quality of drinking water supply has been estimated. The technologies of water purification used in the Astrakhan Region for water supply were designed and implemented in the 1960s–70s; they were not designed for the pollution load in terms of the quality and quantity significantly different from the current situation. An analysis of the operation of water intake and water treatment facilities was carried out that showed their extremely unsatisfactory technical condition and obsolescence. The ways of solving the problems of improving the quality of drinking water supply with account of the current critical ecological situation in the Lower Volga Region and world experience, are proposed.

HYDROGEOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATE OF THE GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN THE MOSCOW REGION

2020 ◽  
pp. 128-136
Author(s):  
N.P KARPENKO ◽  
◽  
I.M. LOMAKIN
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
The State ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Current State ◽  
Environmental Measures

The purpose of the work is to study and assess the state of underground water in the Moscow region used for drinking water supply and to develop measures to improve the quality of underground water. There was made an analysis of the state of the main operated aquifers and their dynamics and were found basic regularities of the formation of the hydrogeological regime of the exploited horizons in the Moscow region. The main factors affecting the chemical composition of groundwater were considered. Modern approaches were developed and proposed to solve the problem of preserving the quality of underground water for drinking water supply. To ensure the quality of underground water intake in the Moscow region, recommendations were developed to preserve the quality of underground water and the necessary set of environmental measures was proposed to minimize the deterioration of the drinking water quality. Timely identification of possible sources of deterioration in the quality of underground water and usage of innovative technologies for underground water treatment of from pollution will prevent from risky situations in the problem of assessing the quality of the underground water used for domestic and drinking needs of the population. Implementation of the proposed measures will improve environmental conditions of the ground water resources within the Moscow region.

ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF DRINKING WATER IN THE VORONEZH REGION FOR 2014-2019 YEARS

2020 ◽  
pp. 230-239
Author(s):  
Владимир Петрович Косолапов ◽  
Наталья Николаевна Чайкина ◽  
Галина Владимировна Сыч ◽  
Елена Александровна Болдырева ◽  
Ксения Сергеевна Ласточкина
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Natural Iron ◽  
Voronezh Region ◽  
Important State

На одном из первых мест среди наиболее важных факторов, влияющих на состояние здоровья населения, стоит качество питьевой воды. Вода - самое распространенное, самое уникальное и удивительное вещество в природе. Среди всех веществ, присутствующих на земле, вода благодаря особым своим физическим, химическим и квантово-механическим свойствам занимает исключительное положение в природе и играет особую роль в существовании органической жизни. Вода в большинстве водных объектов оценивается как загрязненная по многим физико-химическим, биологическим и органолептическим показателям, что связано с высокой техногенной нагрузкой на окружающую природную среду. Вода из подземных водоисточников обладает природным повышенным содержанием железа, повышенной жесткостью. В связи с этим, проблема питьевого водоснабжения продолжает оставаться актуальной, а повышение надежности и качества водоснабжения населения питьевой водой является одной из первоочередных социальных проблем. Оптимизация условий водопользования и обеспечение населения достаточным количеством доброкачественной питьевой воды являются важнейшими государственными задачами. Управлением Роспотребнадзора по Воронежской области с 2014 по 2019 год, в рамках своих полномочий осуществлялись надзорные мероприятия за организацией водоснабжения населения. Особое внимание предавалось контролю качества питьевой воды ее безопасности в эпидемиологическом отношении, безвредности по химическому составу. Результаты данной работы представлены в статье Among the most important factors affecting the health of the population, one of the first places is the quality of drinking water. Water is the most common, most unique and amazing substance in nature. Among all the substances present on earth, thanks to its special physical, chemical and quantum mechanical properties, it occupies an exceptional position in nature and plays a special role in the existence of organic life. Water in most water bodies is assessed as polluted by many physicochemical, biological and organoleptic indicators, which is associated with a high man-made load on the environment. Water from underground water sources has a high natural iron content, increased rigidity. In this regard, the problem of drinking water supply continues to be relevant, and improving the reliability and quality of drinking water supply to the population is one of the priority social problems. Optimization of water use conditions and provision of the population with an adequate amount of safe drinking water are the most important state tasks. The Directorate of Rospotrebnadzor in the Voronezh Region from 2016 to 2018, within its authority, supervising the organization of water supply to the population was carried out. Particular attention was paid to the quality control of drinking water of its safety in the epidemiological respect, the safety of the chemical composition. The results of this work are presented in the article

Preozonation coupled with flotation filtration: successful removal of algae

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Montiel ◽  
Bénédicte Welté
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Successful Removal ◽  
Original Treatment

The renovating of a new water treatment plant in Paris which produces 15% of the capital's drinking water supply is described: an original treatment plant consisting of a preozonation, a flotation with a low level of coagulant coupled with contact coagulation. Coagulation on filter has been tested on a pilot plant. The results are excellent (95 to 99%) and have led to the building of a new water treatment plant with very flexible operating conditions depending on the quality of the water.

scholarly journals Heavy metals and arsenic in drinking water and health risk assessment of the region with the developed mining industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (7) ◽  
pp. 725-732
Author(s):  
Gayane H. Babayan ◽  
Astghik G. Sakoyan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Water Abstraction ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

Introduction. Drinking water intended for South Armenia’s towns and rural communities is abstracted from minor mountain rivers belonging to the basins of the Voghchi and Meghri, the water of which is treated at five water treatment plants. The river basins are home to the major copper molybdenum and gold ore mining centers of the republic.The purpose of this research was to study heavy metals Ag, Al, As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sn, Sb, Se, Zn, Hg, Te in centralized drinking water supply systems and assess drinking water-caused health risks to the population.Material and methods. In 2016-2017 from 43 sampling sites a total of 53 basic water samples were taken, including 14- from surface water supply sources, 16 - from water treatment plants, 33- from water supply networks. Heavy metals were determined by the atomic absorption method. To assess the quality of water on water abstraction sites relevant ecological (regional) norms and national and international standards were used. The risk of development of noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic effects was assessed in the case of oral intake of and dermal exposure to tap water.Results. On water abstraction sites, background regional levels of surface waters exceeded the concentration of aluminum, iron, molybdenum, tin, antimony (by as 13.3-1.1 times). Water treatment efficiency at water treatment plants is estimated at 12% - 69% depending on different metals. Concentrations of heavy metals in drinking water do not exceed the norms. The risk of development of noncarcinogenic effects in the population at chronic exposure to drinking water is insignificant (HI<1), whereas a total carcinogenic risk exceeds a safety limit for arsenic (CR=9.59×10–5).Conclusion. The acceptable quality of drinking water supplied to consumers is not yet an index of sustainable and safe water supply in the studied region because of a water pollution level on intake sites, obsolete water treatment technologies, poor sanitation and technical condition of plants and water networks.

scholarly journals Improvement of monitoring requirements over the application of chlorine-containing agents for water decontamination

2019 ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.I. Zholdakova ◽  
O.O. Sinitsyna ◽  
R.A. Mamonov ◽  
Ya.I. Lebed-Sharlevich ◽  
I.A. Pechnikova
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Production Control ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Water Disinfection ◽  
Calcium Hypochlorite ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Regulatory Documents

Introduction. Oxidizing methods are most widely used for water disinfection with such reagents as chlorine, chlorine dioxide, sodium, and calcium hypochlorite. However, the regulatory instruments of the sanitary and epidemiologic legislation do not fully reflect the requirements for monitoring of their use. Materials and methods. We analyzed the research, regulatory and methodological literature concerning water disinfection issues in the process of water treatment and the parameters of water disinfection efficiency as well as the quality of drinking water of three water treatment stations based on production control data (Perm, Russia) and the results of own research (the towns of Nizhny Tagil (Russia) and Curitiba (Brazil)). Results. A comparative analysis of regulatory documents governing the parameters of the efficacy and safety of drinking water disinfection with chlorine in different years showed that, after the completion of the disinfection process of drinking water, residual free chlorine should be kept within 0.3–0.5 mg/L after 30 minutes of contact or residual bound chlorine – within 0.8–1.2 mg/L after 60 minutes of contact. With the simultaneous presence of free and bound chlorine in water, their total concentration should not exceed 1.2 mg/L. When analyzing the production control data for drinking water in the city of Perm, where chloramination was used for water treatment, we established that the concentration range of 1.04–1.44 mg/L of only the residual bound chlorine ensured high efficiency of water disinfection according to microbiological indicators. The examples of water treatment plants in the towns of Nizhny Tagil and Curitiba demonstrated that water treatment with 0.3 and 0.4 mg/L of chlorine dioxide formed no new dangerous organochlorine compounds but the disinfected drinking water contained residual amounts of chlorine dioxide, as well as chlorite and chlorate anions. Conclusion: These indicators should be included in the regulatory documents to monitor the safe use of chlorine dioxide for water disinfection.

scholarly journals EVALUASI TEKNOLOGI AIR MINUM ISI ULANG DI DKI JAKARTA

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satmoko Yudo ◽  
Petrus Nugro Rahardjo
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Standard Regulation

 Nowadays raw water resources for drinking water are less and less available, especially in Jakarta. For example, the condition of most rivers in Jakarta is extremely polluted by wastewaters, such as domestic and industrial wastewater. Some of industrial wastewater straightly discharged into the rivers are classified as  toxic and hazardous wastewater.  Therefore all rivers in Jakarta are not feasible to be used as the raw water for clean water treatment processes. Even ground water is not already safe to be used as the raw water for drinking water, because it has commonly been contaminated by seepage of septic tanks and polluted surface waters. Because of that, many people living in Jakarta tried to find other alternatives. Commercially sold mineral water is one good option for supplying drinking water need, but the prices are relatively expensive for most of people.There were more than 1,000 refill drinking water depots growing in the last ten years. They are one of the best answers to many people, but the quality of drinking water is still debatable. In other word, there is not a standard regulation for the water treatment processes, so the depots cannot guarantee that the produced water already fulfill the quality standard of drinking water. In order to give a good service for community living in Jakarta, it is very important to evaluate all aspects of technology, management and services.  Keywords : Refill drinking water technology, water treatment processes.

Water Treatment Considerations–Aquatic Humus

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (S2) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
E T Gjessing
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Aquatic Humus ◽  
Treatment Considerations

For several reasons the surface waters in cold climate areas are coloured due to humic substances. There are two major objections against humus in drinking water, the first is concerned with aesthetical and practical problems and the second is due to indirect negative health effects. There are essentially three different methods in use today for the removal or reduction of humus colour in water: (1) Addition of chemicals with the intention of reducing the “solubility”, (2) Addition of chemicals in order to bleach or mineralize the humus, and (3) Filtration with the intention of removal of coloured particles and some of the “soluble” colour. The treatment processes are discussed.

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