scholarly journals Demand-oriented Hydronic Heating System and the Active One-pipe System Design Tool

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 01091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zlevor Ondřej ◽  
Dostál Jiří
Keyword(s):  
Heating System ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Pipe System ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Current State ◽  
Historical Outline ◽  
Air Handling Units ◽  
The One

This article is focused on hydronic heating systems that use pumps as the control actuators instead of valves. Those systems are called “demand-oriented”, while the systems being controlled by valves are called “supply-oriented”. Reader gets an overview of various versions of both demand- and supply-oriented systems using both one- and two-pipe topologies, supported by a brief historical outline, current state of the art and basic advantages and disadvantages of the introduced hydronic systems. The special interest is given to the one-pipe demand-oriented systems, which offer several benefits in comparison with nowadays widespread systems (mainly supply-oriented two-pipe), however, the computation complexity of design of such systems inhibits their more frequent utilization. This paper also introduces a computation and optimization tool to help with the design of one-pipe demand oriented hydronic heating systems, which eases the designer to size the AHU (Air Handling Units) and to set the mass flows of fluid in the system branches.

scholarly journals How to Improve Effectiveness of Renewable Space Heating Programs by Better Understanding Homeowner—Installer Interactions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4625
Author(s):  
Alisa Freyre ◽  
Stefano Cozza ◽  
Matthias Rüetschi ◽  
Meinrad Bürer ◽  
Marlyne Sahakian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Current State ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Improved Technology

In this paper, we perform a literature review on the current state of knowledge about homeowners in the context of the adoption of renewable heating systems. Despite a considerable number of studies about homeowners, homeowner–installer interactions, and ways to improve the effectiveness of renewable heating programs, based on homeowner knowledge, have not yet been studied in much detail. To address these knowledge gaps, we conduct a qualitative study on single-family house owners who installed heat pumps and took part in a renewable heating program in Geneva, Switzerland. We cover homeowner practices in choosing installers and heating system types, homeowners’ feedback about heat pump installation and use, as well as their experience in participation in the renewable heating program. Based on the literature review and the findings from the interviews, we provide the following recommendations on how to increase the effectiveness of renewable heating programs: (a) support for homeowners should not be limited to financial incentives; (b) partnership programs with installers could help to increase the quality of installation services and enable homeowners to choose qualified installers; and (c) assisting homeowners in pre-qualification and ex-post analysis, in learning how to operate their renewable heating systems and in solving problems during the post-installation period, can contribute to improved technology reputation, which can, in turn, increase technology uptake by other homeowners.

scholarly journals METHODOLOGY OF THE PRIMARY DATA RECONSTRUCTION OF SINGLE PIPE HEATING SYSTEMS/VIENVAMZDŽIŲ ŠILDYMO SISTEMŲ PIRMINIŲ DUOMENŲ NUSTATYMO METODIKA

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 318-322
Author(s):  
Edvardas Tuomas ◽  
Saulius Neverbickas
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Complex Coefficient ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Pipe System ◽  
Central Heating ◽  
Single Pipe

The majority of dwellings in Lithuania are situated in blocks of flats. The dwellings were built after World War II and they are heated by single pipe central heating systems, connected to district heating. The dwellers are not quite satisfied with such a heating system and try to improve it, but do that in a wrong way, by increasing the surface of radiators. Such means lead to violation of thermal regime and comfort conditions for other dwellers. There exists sometimes the necessity of reconstructing premises and together—the heating system. During the reconstruction the primary heat fluxes from radiators should be known, but very often such data are lost and only the size of radiators (number of sections) are known. To reconstruct the required primary data for single pipe systems is complicated because the temperatures of inlet and outlet water for radiators are unknown. In this article the methodology is proposed how to perform the calculations leading to the required data. The aim of calculations is the establishment of heat fluxes from each radiator connected to the riser. Heat flux from radiator can be calculated according the formula (1) but the complex coefficient is unknown. It could be found from formulae (2) but some magnitudes are unknown. According to the proposed methodology the values of unknown magnitudes are taken approximately and calculations are performed with iterations. In such a way the flow rate of water in riser is established from formula (3), which is the same for each radiator (the property of single pipe system). From formulas (3) and (4) an equation is produced (5), and is used for calculations of unknown temperatures. The equation (6) is used for calculation of heat fluxes from radiators. To carry out the above-mentioned calculations without computer practically is impossible due to many cycles of iteration. The programme was prepared to make easy all these calculations. The scheme of algorithm of programme is given in Fig 1. An example of calculation is given in this article. Calculations were fulfilled by newly created programme. The riser chosen for calculation is shown in Fig 2. The results of calculation are given in Table 1. The table shows that according to the proposed methodology the programme based on it can be used for reconstruction of primary data of single pipe heating systems successfully.

scholarly journals Prospective increase in the heat pump’s efficiency through arrangement in a three-temperature system

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 168781401988098
Author(s):  
Tomáš Stejskal ◽  
Jozef Svetlík ◽  
Peter Demeč ◽  
Adam Žilinský ◽  
Juraj Kováč
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Heat Engine ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Stirling Engine ◽  
Thermal Source ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
System A ◽  
Temperature Heating

Analysis of three-temperature heating system has revealed the apparent advantages and disadvantages that the combination of thermodynamic systems has in future development with respect to environmental and economic issues. Three-temperature heating systems consist of a heat engine and a heat pump, thus enabling maximum use of the primary thermal source for heating buildings. It seems that the combination of a Stirling engine, or a similar heat drive, with a heat pump is suitable. In order to analyse the effectiveness of such a system, a comprehensive calculation procedure is used as follows: its basis lies in accounting for all types of energy and their relationship to the original natural resource. The present study aims to point out that the combination of a Stirling engine and a heat pump is a useful solution due to the fact that it has the most favourable resultant economic impact in comparison to the use of a diesel, four-stroke gas or the most commonly used electric drive.

Heat Pipe Augmented Solar Heating System

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian S. Robinson ◽  
Michael V. Albanese ◽  
Nick Chmielewski ◽  
Ellen G. Brehob ◽  
M. Keith Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pipe ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Solar Heating ◽  
System Component ◽  
Laboratory Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Concrete Wall ◽  
Pipe System ◽  
Passive Solar ◽  
The One

The focus of this project is on simulation and testing of a novel passive solar heating system that utilizes the one-way heat transfer of heat pipes to significantly improve heating performance relative to conventional passive solar systems. A set of programmed thermal networks were used to simulate the performance of several conventional passive solar heating systems, including direct gain, concrete wall indirect gain and water wall indirect gain, and the heat pipe system. Simulations performed for four US locations representing a range of winter temperatures and available insolation exhibited higher performance for the heat pipe system, particularly in cold climates with low insolation. A small-scale laboratory model was constructed and tested under controlled conditions to confirm simulated system component performance and to test a range of component variations. Measured system efficiency was 85.1 ± 0.72%. A full-scale prototype was constructed, installed and instrumented. Results from a 21-day period in April show a prototype thermal efficiency range from 60–75% and an average of 66.2%; and a 30-day period in October and November ranges from 60–85% with an average of 73.9%. An opaque cover over the prototype, periodically installed to minimize unwanted gains during the cooling season, reduced overall gains by an average of 75%.

Flow Simulation of Radiant Floor Heating System Using Hele-Shaw Analogy

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Ngo ◽  
C. G. Peinder
Keyword(s):  
Porous Medium ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Pipe System ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Radiant Floor Heating System ◽  
Radiant Floor Heating ◽  
Floor Heating

Radiant floor heating systems are becoming increasingly popular in green building designs. Typically, solar or geothermal energy is employed as a source for such hydronic heating systems. Buried heating pipe system can be used for heating both residential and industrial spaces as well as defrosting snow on walkways, driveways and sport fields. Most of the heating pipes considered in such applications are buried in a porous medium (i.e., insulation layer or soils). Hele-Shaw cells with different pipe spacing were constructed to simulate different floor heating configurations. The objective of the present experimental study is to examine the flow field within porous medium using the Hele-Shaw analogy. The flow visualization experiment was set up to investigate how a change in pipe spacing and pipe temperature would affect the flow patterns from the heated pipes. Using time-elapsed photographs, one observes that the flow fields for different pipe spacings with different buoyancy strengths display distinct characteristics.

Flow Assurance With Water Heated Pipe-in-Pipe in Fields With High Gas Oil Ratio and High Wax Appearance Temperature

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro P. Basilio ◽  
Fabiano G. Drumond ◽  
Pedro L. F. Mendes ◽  
Alessandro França ◽  
Marcílio P. Prado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Injection ◽  
Temperature Drop ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Production Unit ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Heated Water ◽  
Wax Appearance Temperature

The development of pre-salt fields in the Santos Basin has presented a plenty of technological challenges, which include the production of fluids with high values of GOR (Gas Oil Ratio) and high values of WAT (Wax Appearance Temperature). To avoid the wax deposition, it is absolutely imperative handling the temperature by insulation and/or heating. If in one hand the production system thermal insulation minimizes the heat losses to the environment, on the other hand the cooling due the thermodynamic effect of gas expansion is inevitable, mainly in fields with high GOR values. To mitigate the problem of temperature drop, mainly in the risers where the expansion effects are pronounced, various heating systems for subsea pipelines have been studied by PETROBRAS. In parallel to these studies, it was noted that the design philosophy of the offshore production units for the pre-salt fields have indicated the use of turbo–generators to supply electrical power to the production unit, leading to the opportunity of using the generated super heated gases, originally discharged into the atmosphere, in order to feed the riser heating systems based on heated fluids circulation. Studies of heat exchange performed indicated a great potential for the risers heating by the flow of heated water through the annular of a Pipe-in-Pipe riser, by using a WHRU (Waste Heat Recovery Unit) to recover the power discharged into the atmosphere from the turbo–generators. It was identified the possibility of heating Pipe-in-Pipe risers by circulating heated fresh water in a closed loop with water return to the production unit, or by coupling the riser heating system with the water injection system, using all the facilities for treatment and pumping of water injection. This paper aims to describe the methodology considered in the development of a conceptual design of a heating system for a Pipe-in-Pipe riser, by the flow of heated water in the annular, in a Free Standing Hybrid Riser configuration. The paper will also present the characteristics associated with the two possibilities of heated water circuit, as well as advantages and disadvantages of each system, and the aspects related to subsea production layout.

scholarly journals Legal Regulation of Federal Budget Expenditures on National Projects

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Dmitrii A. Shevelko
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Federal Budget ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Current State ◽  
Positive Elements ◽  
Expert Assessments ◽  
The One ◽  
Regulation Model ◽  
State Programs

The article analyzes features of the legal regulation of national and federal projects. More than three years have passed since their approval, which forms the basis of this analysis. The purpose of the study was to determine the current state of legal regulation of national projects, including expert assessments from the scientific community. Within this framework, a hypothesis was proposed about legal gaps that affect the implementation of national goals and projects. The objectives of the study are to identify the advantages and disadvantages of regulating national projects and to compare them with the May decrees of the President of Russia and state programs. The results revealed positive and negative trends in the current legal status of national projects. On the one hand, the author draws attention to the repetition of mistakes in the implementation of the May decrees of the President of Russia and state programs. In particular, the regulatory legal acts do not define the procedure for calculating the financial security of the projects. As a result, they risk failure to achieve their national goals. Systematic problems with the implementation of strategic planning documents indicate a lack of analysis of their shortcomings. At the same time, the methodology for developing new documents could be adjusted within the frameworks. On the other hand, the advantages of legal regulation are also revealed. Among them are the allocation of regulations outside the BC of the Russian Federation, the acceleration of bureaucratic procedures, a minimum list of regulatory legal acts, and expanded powers of the curators. The main drawback was the failure to consolidate the process of preparing a financial justification for the expenditure of national projects (federal projects). At the same time, this disadvantage leads to the risk of leveling all the positive elements of the legal regulation model.

scholarly journals The rationale for choosing a pigsty heating system

2019 ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
N. Boltianska ◽  
O. Boltyanski
Keyword(s):  
Heat Supply ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Infrared Heating ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Pig Farm ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose. To analyze the types of heating systems for heating a pig farm. Determine the factors that have a significant impact on the choice of heating and ventilation systems of the pig farm and justify the choice of the heating system for pigsties. Methods. To justify the choice of a pigsty heating system, the methods of comparative and system analysis, synthesis, scientific generalizations and the method of argumentation were used. Results. The types of heating systems for heating a pig farm are analyzed. The share of costs for heat supply and microclimate in the total costs of fuel and energy resources in pig holding facilities is given. The necessary temperature regime for sows, piglets weeks from birth and pigs for fattening was determined. The factors that have a significant influence on the selection of the system of heating and ventilation of the pig farm are determined. Conclusions. In addition to the room configuration, the choice of a heating system is significantly affected by the presence of various energy sources in the household, the equipment used and the availability of labor resources. Heating must be synchronized with the ventilation system. Given the energy efficiency and the absence of drafts in the growing sections, it is advisable to use an infrared type of heating. An effective heating system for heating a room with weaned pigs is a “warm” floor, which is advisable to use with infrared heaters. Keywords: pigsty, microclimate, heat supply, heating system, ventilation system, advantages and disadvantages, infrared heating, coolant.

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DO CONFORTO TÉRMICO E COMPORTAMENTO DE LEITÕES INFLUENCIADO POR DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE AQUECIMENTO

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavio Alves Damasceno ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Alves Oliveira ◽  
Jairo Alessander Osório Saraz ◽  
Leidimar Freire Brandão Damasceno ◽  
João Antonio Costa do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
The One ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
E Mail

AVALIAÇÃO DO CONFORTO TÉRMICO E COMPORTAMENTO DE LEITÕES INFLUENCIADO POR DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE AQUECIMENTO   FLÁVIO ALVES DAMASCENO1, CARLOS EDUARDO ALVES OLIVEIRA2, JAIRO ALESSANDER OSÓRIO SARAZ3, LEIDIMAR FREIRE BRANDÃO DAMASCENO4, JOÃO ANTÔNIO COSTA DO NASCIMENTO5   1 Departamento de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Lavras – Av. Dr. Sylvio Menicucci, 1001, Kennedy, 37200-000, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Lavras – Av. Dr. Sylvio Menicucci, 1001, Kennedy, 37200-000, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 3 Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola y Alimentos, Uversidad Nacional de Colombia – Sede Medellín, CRA. 65, 59a-110, Medellín, Antioquia, Colômbia. E-mail: [email protected] 4 Departamento de Engenharia Civil, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto – Rua Prof. Paulo Magalhães Gomes, 122, Bauxita, 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 5 Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Lavras – Av. Dr. Sylvio Menicucci, 1001, Kennedy, 37200-000, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]   RESUMO: Objetivou-se com este trabalho, avaliar o efeito de diferentes tipos de sistema de aquecimento em abrigo escamoteadores sobre o conforto térmico e comportamento de leitões. Este trabalho foi realizado em uma maternidade de suínos do Centro Experimental em Suinocultura da Universidade Federal de Lavras (MG), no período de outubro a novembro de 2015. Para isto, foi construído um protótipo de aquecedor solar de água utilizando materiais alternativos – SASA, que foi comparando a três outros sistemas de aquecimento (aquecedor de água solar convencional – SASC, lâmpadas de infravermelho – SALI e piso concreto aquecido por meio de resistência elétrica (SAEL). Com base nos resultados, concluiu-se que os quatros sistemas de aquecimento testados nos abrigos escamoteadores foram deficientes quanto à temperatura adequada para as três semanas de vida dos leitões e comportamento dos leitões no interior do escamoteador que apresentou maior frequência foi o andando.   Palavras-chave: análise de imagem, conforto térmico, suíno   EVALUATION OF THERMAL COMFORT AND BEHAVIOR OF PIGLETS INFLUENCED BY DIFFERENT HEATING SYSTEMS   ABSTRACT: The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of different shelter heating system types on thermal comfort and piglets’ behavior. This work was carried out at the swine maternity on the Experimental Center on Swine Industry of Federal University of Lavras, from October to November of 2015. A solar prototype  water heater was built using alternative materials - SASA, which was compared to three other heating systems (conventional solar water heater - SASC, infrared lamps - SALI and concrete floor heating by means of electrical resistance (SAEL)) Based on the results, it was concluded that the four tested heating systems in the shelters were deficient in the adequate temperature  for the three weeks of piglets’ life and about the behavior inside the shelter the one that presented highest frequency was “walking”.   Keywords: image analysis, thermal comfort, swine.

Innovative electrotechnological systems to provide the temperature modes of technological pipelines

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Konesev ◽  
P. A. Khlyupin
Keyword(s):  
Induction Heating ◽  
Thermal Exposure ◽  
Heating System ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Extreme North ◽  
Induction Heating System

Introduction: the systems of thermal effects on thermo-dependent, viscous and highly viscous liquids under conditions of the Arctic and the Extreme North are considered. Low efficiency and danger of heating systems based on burned hydrocarbons, heated liquids and steam are shown. Electrothermal heating systems used to maintain thermo-dependent fluids in a fluid state are considered. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the application of the most common electrothermal system — heating cables (tapes). The most effective electrothermal system based on induction technologies has been determined. Materials and methods: considered methods of thermal exposure to maintain the fluid properties of thermo-dependent fluids at low extreme temperatures. Results: presents an induction heating system and options for its implementation in the Extreme North and the Arctic. Conclusions: induction heating system to minimize loss of product quality, improve the system performance under changing process conditions, eliminate fire product, to reduce the influence of the human factor.

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