scholarly journals Experimental analysis of the effect of electrokinetic treatment of soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 11020
Author(s):  
Sara Gargano ◽  
Stefania Lirer ◽  
Barbara Liguori ◽  
Alessandro Flora
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
High Water ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Electrokinetic Treatment ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The University

In Europe, large amounts of materials are dredged annually to maintain channels and harbour activities. Consolidation processes in dredged sediments take very long-time due to the high-water content, much more than those considered in the typical problems of geotechnical engineering. The electrokinetic treatment (EK) can be an effective technique to accelerate the dewatering of these sediments and, at the same time, to improve their mechanical properties. An experimental research is under course at the University of Napoli Federico II with the aim to analyse the effects induced by EK treatments on the physic-chemical and mechanical properties of two different soils. Some laboratory tests have been carried out in a special apparatus (special oedometer) adopting two different pore fluids (tap water and sea water). The laboratory results show that the effect of EK treatment, both in terms of induced water flow and improvement of soil mechanical properties, is affected by the chemical properties of the pore fluid and by the physical and mineralogical characteristics of the particles. The results obtained at the macro-scale (specimen) have been analysed at the micro-scale by means of X-ray diffraction analysis and Scanning Electron Microscopy, comparing the microstructures of treated and untreated soils specimens.

Hydrogels as Antibacterial Biomaterials

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 843-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiguo Xu ◽  
Shujun Dong ◽  
Yuping Han ◽  
Shuqiang Li ◽  
Yang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Oxygen Permeability ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
High Water ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Biomedical Field

Hydrogels, as a class of materials for tissue engineering and drug delivery, have high water content and solid-like mechanical properties. Currently, hydrogels with an antibacterial function are a research hotspot in biomedical field. Many advanced antibacterial hydrogels have been developed, each possessing unique qualities, namely high water swellability, high oxygen permeability, improved biocompatibility, ease of loading and releasing drugs and structural diversity. In this article, an overview is provided on the preparation and applications of various antibacterial hydrogels. Furthermore, the prospects in biomedical researches and clinical applications are predicted.

scholarly journals Formulation and Study of an Environmentally Friendly Microemulsion-Based Drilling Fluid (O/W) with Pine Oil

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7981
Author(s):  
Roxana P. F. de Sousa ◽  
Glauco S. Braga ◽  
Raphael R. da Silva ◽  
Giovanna L. R. Leal ◽  
Júlio C. O. Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
High Water ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Pine Oil ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Biodegradable Surfactant

This work has developed and evaluated a microemulsion-based drilling fluid formulation with characteristics to be applied in oil wells. The microemulsion was formulated with a solution of water/glycerol, pine oil, and Tween 80, a nonionic and biodegradable surfactant. The physical and chemical properties of the drilling fluid obtained in this work were investigated through rheology and filtration analysis, solids content, aging, lubricity, toxicity, and thermal degradation. A non-toxic microemulsion-based drilling fluid oil-in-water (O/W) with high lubricity (0.07638) and thermal stability was obtained with suitable viscosity, gel strength and low fluid loss (4.0 mL), low solids content (6%), stability in a wide range of salinity conditions, and the possibility of high water content (above 85% in mass fraction). The fluid presented a pseudoplastic behavior, and statistically significant Herschel–Bulkley parameters were obtained.

Engineering of nanometer-sized cross-linked hydrogels for biomedical applications

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Kwon Oh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
High Water ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Surface Areas

Microgels/nanogels (micro/nanogels) are promising drug-delivery systems (DDS) because of their unique properties, including tunable chemical and physical structures, good mechanical properties, high water content, and biocompatibility. They also feature sizes tunable to tens of nanometers, large surface areas, and interior networks. These properties demonstrate the great potential of micro/nanogels for drug delivery, tissue engineering, and bionanotechnology. This mini-review describes the current approaches for the preparation and engineering of effective micro/nanogels for drug-delivery applications. It emphasizes issues of degradability and bioconjugation, as well as loading/encapsulation and release of therapeutics from customer-designed micro/nanogels.

Contribution of Soil Physical Propreties in The Assessment of Flood Risks in Tropical Areas. Case of The Mbo Plain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Noelle DJUKEM FENGUIA ◽  
David Guimolaire Nkouathio
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
High Water ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Flood Risks ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Permeable Soil

Abstract Flooding occurs when water is in excess and can no longer be evacuated normally. The nature of the soil has been identified as one of the major causes of flooding, hence this study aimed is to show the influence of the physico-chemical properties of the soil on the recurrence of flooding in the Mbo plain. Four soil profiles were carried out on the alluviums according to the altitudes. These profiles were described and undisturbed soil samples were taken. Then, measurements of the infiltration rate of water in the soil by the Porchet method were carried out in sixteen sites. Finally, soil samples taken by auger and core sampling were studied in the laboratory. Physico-chemical parameters such as grain size, porosity, moisture, pH, compactness and organic matter were determined. Infiltration tests carried out in situ using the Porchet method revealed a hydraulic conductivity between 10−5 and 10−7 m/s, characteristic of a semi-permeable soil. This low value of permeability results from the morpho-structural arrangement and the chemical composition of the soils of the plain. These soils are hydromorphic, which means that they are constantly flooded and temporarily waterlogged. They are more or less sandy-clay on the surface, and very clayey at depth, generally from 25 cm. The very clayey soils at the base considerably slow down infiltration and act as a real barrier layer that prevents water from infiltrating, resulting to intense runoff. These soils are very porous and compact with a fairly high water content of up to 71%. This work allows us to conclude on the role of intrinsic soil properties on the genesis of floods in lowland areas. As in many plains in Africa and in the world, the nature of the soil in the Mbo plain is a natural predisposing factor to flood risks. The methods used can be applied in areas with the same characteristics as the Mbo Plain.

Effect of High Intensity Pulsed Electric Fields on Antioxidant Substances of Postharvest Ginger

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 319-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhu Han ◽  
Shu Yao Song
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
High Water ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Cell Membrane Integrity ◽  
Long Time

The antioxidant substances of ginger are extremely easy to degrade in the process of store and its quality and economic value are also degraded. The effects of high intensity pulsed electric field (HIPEF) treatment on the SOD, POD, PPO, Vc, total flavonoid, polysaccharide were studied. The results show that 0.8kV/cm for 5min treatment of HIPEF can maintain the cell membrane integrity, restrain the relative electric conductivity, maintain the high water content and the content of antioxidant substances, enhance the SOD and POD activity, restrain the PPO activity and the degradation of Vc , total flavonoids and polysaccharide, and inhibit the enzymatic browning of ginger to some extent, so that the quality of postharvest ginger during storage are kept well and more long time.

Mechanical Properties of the ‘Stretchable’ Polyacrylamide-Gelatin Double Network Hydrogel

2014 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 328-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Adrus ◽  
Nur Farizah Ayub ◽  
Nurul Atika Mohd Amer ◽  
Jamarosliza Jamaluddin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Water ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Artificial Muscles ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Double Network ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
Physically Crosslinked ◽  
Mechanical Properties Characterization

Double network (DN) hydrogels have drawn considerable attention as innovative materials possessing both high water content as well as improved mechanical properties. In this study, DN hydrogels were formed from a combination of two hydrogel networks. The first network composed of acrylamide (AAm) andN’,N’-methylenebisacrylamide (MBAAm). AAm and MBAAm were covalently crosslinked via photopolymerization simultaneously with/without the presence of the second network pre-gel mixture; physically crosslinked gelatin-calcium carbonate (GCa). The mechanical properties characterization of the hydrogels revealed that tensile strength, Young’s modulus and elongation at break increased with the increasing amount of second network component; i.e. GCa. These data could confirmed that the polyacrylamide (PAAm)-GCa DN hydrogels possessed ‘stretchability’ character. Overall, PAAm-GCa DN hydrogels had shown better mechanical strength than the PAAm single network hydrogels. We foreseen that DN hydrogels are highly potential to be developed as artificial muscles.

Experimental Study on Engineering Characteristics of Basalt Residual Soil on High Slope

2014 ◽  
Vol 580-583 ◽  
pp. 460-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Cui ◽  
Ye Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Water ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Structural Morphology ◽  
High Slope ◽  
Engineering Investigation

The basalt residual soil of high slope of BiWei highway in Guizhou province belongs to regional special soil. Comprehensive and systematic evaluation for engineering geologic characteristics of residual soil on basalt is necessary to the construction in this area and geological engineering investigation. Kaolinite is dominant in clay mineral of this soil, which has a higher clay particle content. The special material composition and structural morphology make it have the physical properties of high porosity, low density and high water content. But it has mechanical properties of higher strength. The soil has a low expansibility and weak water-resistance. Moreover, the soil is sensitive to environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. The mechanical properties become weak after soaking, leading to a larger collapse deformation and a heavy disintegration. Therefore, it is important to focus on the engineering disasters caused by rain water for example.

High-water-content graphene oxide/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel with excellent mechanical properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (27) ◽  
pp. 10508-10515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifu Huang ◽  
Mingqiu Zhang ◽  
Wenhong Ruan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Water Content ◽  
High Water ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Freeze Thaw

Boron-cross-linked graphene oxide/polyvinyl alcohol (B-GO/PVA) hydrogels with high-water-content and excellent mechanical properties are prepared by freeze/thaw and boron cross-linking methods.

scholarly journals Sensor Deteksi Kadar Kelayakan Makanan

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 82-86
Author(s):  
Syahminan Syahminan
Keyword(s):  
High Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Ph Measurements ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
Food Consumed

The habit of housewives to find out the taste of their food is to taste it either freshly cooked or eaten for more than 1 day trying to use the tongue is the traditional way to do it, using the tongue or by smelling food the way it has been done so far to find out the quality of food is very It is important to influence the condition of food whether it is still suitable for consumption or not. Foods that contain bacteria are foods that do not meet safety standards, quality and nutrition will hurt the body. Therefore it is necessary to select foods before consumption to avoid foods that endanger health. Food cannot be stored for a long time, especially those containing high water content. Many people do not realize that the food consumed is stale/unfit to eat. Acidity is a method or method used to determine the acidic or basic nature of a solution by using pH measurements. pH or acidity is used to express the level of acidity (or basicity of a solution. What is meant by "acidity" here is the concentration of hydrogen ions (H +) in water solvents? pH values ​​range from 0 to 14. A solution is said to be neutral if it has value above the threshold that is not reasonable that has been determined by BPPOM, a breakthrough microcontroller technology to help solve the problem to determine the feasibility of acidic/stale levels of eating good or improper

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