scholarly journals Innovative Socially Oriented Type of Economic Development as State Policy in Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01050
Author(s):  
Svetlana M. Kurbatova ◽  
Larisa Yu. Aisner
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
World Economic

The level of developed countries in the conditions of global competition and open economy in terms of well-being and efficiency cannot be reached, unless the advanced development of the sectors of the economy that determine its specialization in the world economic system is ensured. This will make it possible to actualize national competitive advantages to their maximum. For example, it applies to the agricultural sector, where the transition from export-raw materials to an innovative model of economic growth is linked to the formation of a new mechanism for social development, which is based on the balance of a number of factors, namely, social justice, entrepreneurial freedom, and national competitiveness. The article deals with the problems of the model of economic growth of states, priorities of agricultural development, and directions of its transformation.

Growth and Social Capital: Empirical Analysis of the Relationship

2019 ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
Ksenia V. Bagmet
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Level Of Economic Development

The article provides an empirical test of the hypothesis of the influence of the level of economic development of the country on the level of development of its social capital based on panel data analysis. In this study, the Indices of Social Development elaborated by the International Institute of Social Studies under World Bank support are used as an indicators of social capital development as they best meet the requirements for complexity (include six integrated indicators of Civic Activism, Clubs and Associations, Intergroup Cohesion, Interpersonal Safety and Trust, Gender Equality, Inclusion of Minorities), comprehensiveness of measurement, sustainability. In order to provide an empirical analysis, we built a panel that includes data for 20 countries divided into four groups according to the level of economic development. The first G7 countries (France, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom); the second group is the economically developed countries, EU members and Turkey, the third group is the new EU member states (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania); to the fourth group – post-Soviet republics (Armenia, Georgia, Russian Federation, Ukraine). The analysis shows that the parameters of economic development of countries cannot be completely excluded from the determinants of social capital. Indicators show that the slowdown in economic growth leads to greater cohesion among people in communities, social control over the efficiency of distribution and use of funds, and enforcement of property rights. The level of tolerance to racial diversity and the likelihood of negative externalities will depend on the change in the rate of economic growth. Also, increasing the well-being of people will have a positive impact on the level of citizens’ personal safety, reducing the level of crime, increasing trust. Key words: social capital, economic growth, determinant, indice of social development.

Studying Concepts of the Breakthrough Economic Reforms in Selected Developed and Developing Countries and Regions of the World: Economic and Legal Aspects

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Еvgenia Еvgenevna FROLOVA ◽  
Sergey Sergeevich ZANKOVSKY ◽  
Mihail Nikolaevich DUDIN ◽  
Sergey Borisovich ZINKOVSKY ◽  
Aleksey Nickolaevich KIRSANOV
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
National Production ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Japan And China

The purpose of the present article is to analyze the experience of advanced development of two Asian countries (Japan and China) based on the use of economic breakthrough concepts. The object of study in this article concerns developed and developing countries, as well as transition countries, while research subject involves concepts and models of breakthrough economic reforms in Japan and China. Through the use of several analytical methods (comparative legal and institutional analysis, economic and statistical analysis, and content analysis) we have come up to the following conclusions: economic breakthrough of contemporary developed countries is obviously linked with the technologization as well as modernization of the national production, and economic diversification; developed countries (European Union, North America, and Asia) have established special institutional frameworks (national innovation systems), which allowed creating a competitive product demanded on both the internal and external market, and increasing labor productivity through improving the quality of the workforce (social investment);there are definitely certain similarities in the economic progress of China and Japan (essential involvement of the state in economic processes), however, at the same time these countries are differed by their institutional platforms (in particular, China is open to investment, while Japan focuses on the domestic financial market and the labor market).Results: considering the applicability of economic breakthrough models of Japan and China in relation to Russia, we should note that such models cannot be simply copied to the Russian market without changes (for example, due to the underdeveloped national financial market and insufficient investment attractiveness). Therefore, we suggest in future studies to develop a number of system solutions, which can be used to diversify the Russian raw materials export-based economic model.

scholarly journals La crisis del sector agropecuario Colombiano: ¿Cuál es la responsabilidad de las políticas públicas?

Tendencias ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Natural Source ◽  
Washington Consensus ◽  
Current Policy ◽  
Colombian Government

El sector agropecuario resulta estratégico para la soberanía de un país, ya que es fuente de alimentos y materias primas requeridos por la sociedad para garantizar las necesidades básicas. Este análisis sistemático tiene como objetivo hacer una reflexión de la evolución de las políticas públicas relacionadas con el sector agropecuario. Se revisó documentos de expertos publicados en los últimos treinta años. Se concluye que la política actual del gobierno colombiano ha seguido al pie de la letra los dictámenes del consenso de Washington y ha gobernado con políticas nada convenientes para el desarrollo del sector agropecuario nacional.ABSTRACTThe agricultural sector is a strategic sector for the sovereignty of a country, because it is the natural source of food and raw materials required by the society to meet basic needs. This article aims to reflect the evolution of public policies related to agriculture. We reviewed published expert papers in the last thirty years, It is concluded that the current policy of the Colombian government has followed to the letter? The dictates of the Washington Consensus and he have ruled nothing suitable policies for national agricultural development.

scholarly journals THE FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF ECONOMY OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF EURO INTEGRATION

2017 ◽  
pp. 395-406
Author(s):  
Ievgeniia Markova ◽  
Tetyana Shestakovska
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
Agricultural Resources ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
The Eu

The article substantiates the peculiarities of the development of the agrarian sector of the economy in the context of integration into the ELI, which confirms that the modern global society is undergoing transformational processes, in which Ukraine must take and takes part. It is determined that domestic agricultural science should promote more rational land use, create with the help of the latest information technologies the basis for increasing the range of agricultural products certified by the EU rules. The study of the positive experience of the EU countries regarding the use of raw materials for energy agricultural resources and the awareness of the objective need for finding alternative kinds of fuels and energy for Ukraine has given rise to the need to develop a bioenergy industry, which, in its turn will allow the introduction of an environmental ideology in the field of the production and consumption of bioenergy. The methodological approaches are determined, the theoretical conclusions are obtained which can beused in the process of development of the strategy of agricultural development of Ukraine in the conditions of European choice while preserving its own identity.

scholarly journals Degrowth: a proposal to foster a deeply radical socio-ecological transformation

Oikonomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Demaria
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Planetary Health ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Industrialised Countries ◽  
Sustainable Recovery

For a sustainable post-Covid-19 recovery strategy, humanity faces two major challenges: 1. Just prosperity: The creation of a resilient and fair economy that delivers prosperity for all; 2. Public and planetary health: protect human health, together with the reduction of environmental impacts below thresholds of planetary boundaries including greenhouse gas emissions. The Covid-19 crisis could represent an opportunity for responses that integrate different goals, or a drawback if some are prioritized without considering their impacts on the others. New kinds of informed solutions are needed to ensure long-term sustainability in social, economic, and environmental terms. This article addresses the research question: How could developed countries manage a sustainable recovery that provides a good life for all within public and planetary health? First, it argues that economic growth is not compatible with environmental sustainability. Green Keynesianism is based on the hypothesis that economic growth can be decoupled from environmental impacts, but this has not happened and it is unlikely to happen. Second, it introduces degrowth as an alternative to green growth. Degrowth challenges the hegemony of economic growth and calls for a democratically led redistributive downscaling of production and consumption in industrialised countries as a means to achieve environmental sustainability, social justice, and well-being. Third, it traces the recent evolution of the term degrowth from an activist slogan to an academic concept. Last, it calls for an alliance of alternatives that could foster a deeply radical socio-ecological transformation.

scholarly journals The Impact of Climate Change on Major Agricultural Crops: Evidence from Punjab, Pakistan

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (4II) ◽  
pp. 261-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rehana Siddiqui ◽  
Ghulam Samad ◽  
Muhammad Nasir ◽  
Hafiz Hanzla Jalil
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
The Impact

It is necessary for a country to make its agriculture sector efficient to enhance food security, quality of life and to promote rapid economic growth. The evidence from least developed countries (LDCs) indicates that agriculture sector accounts for a large share in their gross domestic product (GDP). Thus the development of the economy cannot be achieved without improving the agriculture sector. According to the Economic Survey of Pakistan (2011-12) its main natural resource is arable land and agriculture sector’s contribution to the GDP is 21 percent. The agricultural sector absorbs 45 percent of labour force and its share in exports is 18 percent. Given the role of agricultural sector in economic growth and its sensitivity to change in temperature and precipitation it is important to study the impact of climate change on major crops in Pakistan. There are two crops seasons in Pakistan namely, Rabi and Kharif. Rabi crops are grown normally in the months of November to April and Kharif crops are grown from May to October. These two seasons make Pakistan an agricultural economy and its performance depends on the climate during the whole year. Climate change generally affects agriculture through changes in temperature, precipitation.

scholarly journals Modeling Green Energy Development Based on Sustainable Economic Growth in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijuan Zhang ◽  
Marcin Lis
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Biological Raw Materials

Industrial development of the economic system of any state is directly related to the use of energy potential. China’s industrial breakthrough is no exception. Today, China is one of the largest importers–consumers of oil, whose economy is extremely dependent on the energy market. The growing production and population, as well as climatic changes that directly determine the well-being of society, have become the causal basis for the development of alternative ways of generating energy. The aim of the study is to model the implementation of the sustainable development strategy in China through the production and use of biofuels. The simulation is made taking into account the following. The production capacities of Chinese licensed producers of fuel ethanol are calculated. The efficiency of bioethanol production from various types of biological raw materials is evaluated. An economic and mathematical model of bioethanol production is built. The article forecasts the profitability of bioethanol sales from various types of biological raw materials (sugar sorghum, corn) in Chinese and European markets. The study comprehensively reveals the features of the use of biofuels in an industrial country, taking into account geopolitical factors, social and market contexts, as well as technical analysis of the raw materials and production potential of Chinese companies. The article also interprets the economic processes associated with the introduction of biofuels in the ecological and economic systems of China. The article demonstrates other concepts regarding the consequences of the energy sector’s transition to the principles of energy production from biomass. The article shows the contradictory nature of the impact of biofuel production on the food market and the agricultural sector. The article analyzes possible social, resource and macroeconomic risks, and also indicates possible vectors for further research that might be aimed at diversifying the associated negative processes.

scholarly journals DAMPAK PERLAMBATAN EKONOMI CHINA DAN DEVALUASI YUAN TERHADAP KINERJA PERDAGANGAN PERTANIAN INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Jamilah Jamilah ◽  
Bonar M. Sinaga ◽  
Mangara Tambunan ◽  
Dedi Budiman Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
National Income ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Simultaneous Equations ◽  
Previous Period ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to analyze the impact of slowing economic growth in China and devaluation of the yuan on the performance of agricultural trade Indonesia. The research used a simultaneous equations model and estimated using the 2-SLS method. The results showed that the trade cooperation Indonesia - China has a positive impact on increasing production, price, investment, consumption, exports, imports, and Indonesia's national income post-CAFTA takes effect over the previous period. China's economic growth led to increased China's exports to Indonesia, but the increase Indonesia's exports to China relatively constant. At the time of CAFTA takes effect, slowing economic growth in China and devaluation of the yuan is expected negatively impact to the performance of the agricultural sector and trade Indonesia, because of the decline in demand for Chinese imports from Indonesia and it caused Indonesian export to China decreased, except for exports of food products, indicating that China's need for food and raw materials for industry. Indonesia's export performance drop will cause the trade of Indonesia deficit higher and destabilizing the economy of Indonesia.

scholarly journals The state and some dynamic and commodity-institutional trends in the export of food and agricultural raw materials to the KBR in 2005–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 195 (4) ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
A. Gyatov ◽  
S. Bogatskaya ◽  
M. Zhitteeva
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Industry Specialization ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
Future Growth

Abstract. Agriculture of Kabardino-Balkariya is among the most developed in Russia. It is also a system-forming branch of the regional economy with huge resources and potential. At the same time, there has been a slowdown in the industry in recent years. The reason for the latter is seen in the exhaustion of the existing model of growth development. Therefore, future growth in the industry is associated with the transition to a new model, the emphasis on the development of new sectors and segments. Exports of food and agricultural raw materials are an important segment of the industry. However, exports are strongly related to the production and industry specialization of the national economy. It is considered promising to develop new competitive advantages based on existing ones. At the expense of the export segment are not only the inflow of foreign currency, but also modernize the industry. However, this appears to be a sufficient share of exports in both GRP and gross domestic product or a particular sector of the national economy. Currently, the share of exports in gross agricultural output in the KBR between 2010 and 2018. exceeded 2 %. Practice shows (and the theory suggests) that this is not enough for the effective development of both the export segment in the national economy of the KBR and its agricultural sector, as well as for the development of agriculture and agriculture in the region. The aim of the work is to identify the main commodity, technological and communication and logistics trends in the development of KBR food exports, on the basis of which to develop measures to increase the level of exports and stimulate export potential in the regional agricultural sector. The study used a set of analytical (index, correlation, dispersion), and descriptive methods. Results: Identified, formalized and quantified links between different sectors and the Agricultural segment and the export of food and agricultural raw materials. The novelty of the results lies in the identification of "empirical trends" in the realization of the export potential of the KBR AIC, through which one of the main provisions of the modern export development strategy, consisting in increasing exports of traditional products, is corrected. Unlike the latter, our proposal is to create new markets, communications and logistics, as well as value chains with elongated and concentrated centers of these chains in the region. This provision allows to form an "export-oriented platform" in the regional economy.

scholarly journals Is agriculture an engine of economic reconstruction and development in the case of the Republic of Burundi?

2021 ◽  
Vol 905 (1) ◽  
pp. 012071
Author(s):  
J B Aboyitungiye ◽  
D Prasetyani
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Value Added ◽  
World Population ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Ardl Approach ◽  
The Republic

Abstract Despite its importance for the economy, the agricultural sector faces many constraints that hamper its growth. With the increase in the world population and the demand for food production, farmers need to produce more with less arable land. This study used the ARDL approach to model the long-term and short-term dynamics and proposed examining the agricultural sector’s contribution to Burundi’s economic growth. Econometric estimations revealed that the gross domestic product per capita, agricultural, and exports (value-added) have long-run relationships but at different levels. The study, therefore, revealed that inflation persists in the short and long term. The consumer price of agricultural products reduces the country’s economic growth. Major adjustments in agricultural, environmental, and macroeconomic policy at national levels will have to be made to create the conditions for sustainable agricultural development.

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