scholarly journals Two-population Asymmetric Evolutionary Game Dynamics-based Decision-making Behavior Analysis for A Supply-side Electric Power Bidding Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 03009
Author(s):  
Kaiwen Zeng ◽  
Lefeng Cheng ◽  
Jianing Liu ◽  
Haizhu Wang ◽  
Tao Yu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Evolutionary Games ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Government ◽  
Behavior Characteristics ◽  
Decision Making Behavior

This paper systematically discusses two-population asymmetric evolutionary games (2PAEGs) from the perspective of decision-making behavior characteristics, and applies these game models to a two-population supply-side electric power bidding market. First, a 2PAEG model is established. Then, complete evolutionary equilibrium rules of this model are revealed during decision-making processes. Discussion shows that final evolutionary game equilibria achieved in the 2PAEG model are only determined by some payoff parameters, which are defined as relative net payoff (RNP) parameters in this paper. Finally, a case study of supply-side bidding simulation for two generator populations is conducted, which can effectively verify the universality and effectiveness of the evolutionary dynamics results obtained in the established general 2PAEG model. Moreover, it shows that reasonable policies made by the government can guide more appropriate power bidding for onto-grid electricity.

scholarly journals Analysis of Fallow Farming Decision-Making Behavior of Farmers Based on Hawk-Dove Game Theory: The Case of Guizhou Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 3821
Author(s):  
Hualin Xie ◽  
Qing Wu
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Government ◽  
Decision Making Behavior

Implementing a land fallow policy is of great significance for ensuring China’s food security and promoting the improvement of the ecological environment. The implementation of a fallow project involves different stakeholders. Farmers are the main participants in the fallow project. The decision of farmers to practice fallow is the key factor for the successful development of the fallow project. Therefore, this study theoretically reveals the decision-making mechanism of farmers’ participation in cultivated land fallow by utilizing the hawk-dove evolutionary game theory among farmers and explains some challenges in the implementation of fallow in Guizhou Province. We drew the following conclusions: (1) The behavior of farmers will be affected by other farmers in the same situation, and the effects of mutual incentives and imitations between the groups of farmers are affected by their interests; (2) in the fallow project, the rate of choosing either fallow or unfallow depends on the ratio of fallow income to planting income. If the income of participating in fallow is higher, the demonstration effect of farmers participating in fallow is stronger, and the strategy of continued cultivation is adopted. The fewer unfallow farmers there are, the more consolidated the results of fallow will be; and (3) the government should protect the income of farmers after fallow as much as possible, implement flexible subsidy policies, and formulate corresponding policies to successfully consolidate the fallow results.

scholarly journals The Role of Public Participation in Governance towards Achieving Sustainable Development. Part 1

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-404
Author(s):  
Maurice S. Nyarangaa ◽  
Chen Hao ◽  
Duncan O. Hongo
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Political Class ◽  
The Public ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Government

Public participation aimed at improving the effectiveness of governance by involving citizens in governance policy formulation and decision-making processes. It was designed to promote transparency, accountability and effectiveness of any modern government. Although Kenya has legally adopted public participation in day-to-day government activities, challenges still cripple its effectiveness as documented by several scholars. Instead of reducing conflicts between the government and the public, it has heightened witnessing so many petitions of government missing on priorities in terms of development and government policies. Results show that participation weakly relates with governance hence frictions sustainable development. Theoretically, public participation influences governance efficiency and development, directly and indirectly, thus sustainable development policy and implementation depends on Public participation and good governance. However, an effective public participation in governance is has been fractioned by the government. Instead of being a promoter/sponsor of public participation, the government of Kenya has failed to put structures that would spur participation of citizens in policy making and other days to activities. This has brought about wrong priority setting and misappropriation of public resources; The government officials and political class interference ultimately limit public opinion and input effects on decision-making and policy formulation, which might be an inner factor determining the failure of public participation in Kenya. The study suggests the need for strengthening public participation by establishing an independent institution to preside over public participation processes.

scholarly journals Te ao Māori in a "Sympathetic" Legal Regime: the Use of Māori Concepts in Legislation

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnu Turvey
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Treaty Of Waitangi ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Practical Effect ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Government ◽  
Positive Step

The incorporation of Māori concepts into legislation has been one of several methods the government has employed to acknowledge and promote Māori cultural identity and give practical effect to the Treaty of Waitangi within its legislative frameworks.  While legal recognition of Māori concepts may have appeared as a positive step towards the creation of a mutually beneficial level of bicultural discourse in the government's management frameworks, in practice they have been the source of a new set of challenges. By transplanting Māori concepts directly into legislation, Māori ideas must become operational parts of Western regimes; concepts which are to be recognised and given effect to within the decision-making processes of bodies charged with the administration of particular legislation as well as the courts. Drawing on Commons' observations about the nature of artificial selection - the process by which the meaning of ideas and language is consciously or subconsciously manipulated by the group in power in order to advance its own interests, it becomes evident that, in the context of the common law legal system, Māori concepts have become detached from their original purpose and meaning.

How Judges Use Weapons of Influence: The Social Psychology of Courts

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-24
Author(s):  
Guy Davidov ◽  
Maayan Davidov
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Judicial Decision ◽  
Judicial Decision Making ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Government

Research on compliance has shown that people can be induced to comply with various requests by using techniques that capitalise on the human tendencies to act consistently and to reciprocate. Thus far this line of research has been applied to interactions between individuals, not to relations between institutions. We argue, however, that similar techniques are applied by courts vis-à-vis the government, the legislature and the public at large, when courts try to secure legitimacy and acceptance of their decisions. We discuss a number of known influence techniques – including ‘foot in the door’, ‘low-balling’, ‘giving a reputation to uphold’ and ‘door in the face’ – and provide examples from Israeli case law of the use of such techniques by courts. This analysis offers new insights that can further the understanding of judicial decision-making processes.

scholarly journals Big Data-Driven Macroeconomic Forecasting Model and Psychological Decision Behavior Analysis for Industry 4.0

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jie Liu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Behavior Analysis ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Macroeconomic Forecasting ◽  
The Government ◽  
Decision Making Behavior

With the advent of Industry 4.0, economic development has become a rapid information age. The content of macroeconomic forecast is very extensive, and the existence of big data technology can provide the government with multilevel, diversified, and complete information and comprehensively process, integrate, summarize, and classify these pieces of information. This paper forecasts the CPI value in the next 12 months according to the CPI in China in the recent 20 years. Compared with the traditional forecasting methods, the forecasting results have higher accuracy and timeliness. At the same time, the trend of growth rate of industrial value-added is analyzed, and the experiments on MAE and RMSE show that the method proposed in this paper has obvious advantages. It also analyzes the disadvantages of traditional psychological decision-making behavior analysis, introduces the development status and advantages of big data-driven psychological decision-making behavior analysis, and opens up new research ideas for psychological decision-making analysis.

Efficient supervision strategy for illegal dumping of construction and demolition waste: A networked game theory decision-making model

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110320
Author(s):  
Chenyu Liu ◽  
Chunxiang Hua ◽  
Jianguo Chen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Small World ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Illegal Dumping ◽  
Government Supervision ◽  
The Government

While the construction industry has brought substantial economic benefits to society, it has also generated substantial construction and demolition waste (CDW). Illegal dumping, which refers to dumping CDW in an unauthorized non-filling location, has become widespread in many countries and regions. Illegally dumping CDW destroys the environment, causing groundwater pollution and forest fires and causing significant economic impacts. However, there is a lack of research on the decision-making behaviours and logical rules of the main participants, construction contractors and the government in the illegal CDW dumping process. This paper constructs an evolutionary game model on a small-world network considering government supervision to portray the decision-making behaviours of illegal dumping participants and conducts a numerical simulation based on empirical equations to propose an effective supervision strategy for the government to manage illegal CDW dumping efficiently. It is found that the illegal dumping behaviours of contractors are mainly affected by the intensity of government supervision, the cost of fines and the income of illegal dumping; while for government, a supervision strategy is found to be necessary, and a supervision intensity of approximately 0.7 is the optimal supervision probability given supervision efficiency. Notably, under a low-level supervision probability, increasing the penalty alone does not curb illegal dumping, and a certain degree of supervision must be maintained. The results show that in addition to setting fines for illegal dumping, the government must enforce a certain level of supervision and purify the market environment to steadily reduce illegal dumping.

Implementation of Accrual Base Accounting to Improve Accountability: A Case of Gambia

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Saikou Conteh ◽  
Hamidah Hamidah
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Policies And Measures ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Technology Capability ◽  
The Government ◽  
Financial Administration

Public sector changes in Gambia started within the 1980s with the essential objective of moving forward the adequacy, effectiveness, and straightforwardness of governmental operational and financial administration. This paper was executed by adopting qualitative research method to obtain it findings. This paper points to look at the opportunities and accountability by the Gambian public sector in executing accrual-based accounting. A survey of past writing in this range appeared that accrual-based accounting improves decision-making processes, advances way better financial administration, and enhances public accountability. Be that as it may, the move handle between these two accounting strategies isn't without challenges. Human resources competency, software and technology capability, accounting policies, and measures appropriateness are recognized as major challenges within the usage effort. These challenges should be taken into thought carefully by the government in order to guarantee effective movement towards accrual-based accounting.

MORE SPATIAL GAMES

1994 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 33-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARTIN A. NOWAK ◽  
SEBASTIAN BONHOEFFER ◽  
ROBERT M. MAY
Keyword(s):  
Prisoner's Dilemma ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Prisoner’S Dilemma ◽  
Evolutionary Games ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Random Drift ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Spatial Games

We extend our exploration of the dynamics of spatial evolutionary games [Nowak & May 1992, 1993] in three distinct but related ways. We analyse, first, deterministic versus stochastic rules; second, discrete versus continuous time (see Hubermann & Glance [1993]); and, third, different geometries of interaction in regular and random spatial arrays. We show that spatial effects can change some of the intuitive concepts in evolutionary game theory: (i) equilibria among strategies are no longer necessarily characterised by equal average payoffs; (ii) the strategy with the higher average payoff can steadily converge towards extinction; (iii) strategies can become extinct even though their basic reproductive rate (at very low frequencies) is larger than one. The equilibrium properties of spatial games are instead determined by “local relative payoffs.” We characterise the conditions for coexistence between cooperators and defectors in the spatial prisoner’s dilemma game. We find that cooperation can be maintained if the transition rules give more weight to the most successful neighbours, or if there is a certain probability that cells may remain unoccupied in the next generations when they are surrounded by players with low payoffs. In this second case the cooperators can survive despite a very large payoff advantage to defectors. We also compute average extinction times for random drift in neutral spatial models. Finally we briefly describe the spatial dynamics of an interaction among three species which dominate each other in a cyclic fashion. The emphasis of this paper is presenting a variety of ideas and possibilities for further research in the evolutionary dynamics of spatial games. The overall conclusion is that interactions with local neighbours in 2- or 3-dimensional spatial arrays can promote coexistence of different strategies (such as cooperators and defectors in the Prisoner’s Dilemma), in situations where one strategy would exclude all others if the interactions occurred randomly and homogeneously.

scholarly journals Study on Cooperative Mechanism of Prefabricated Producers Based on Evolutionary Game Theory

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongyao Feng ◽  
Shuangliang Tai ◽  
Chengshuang Sun ◽  
Qingpeng Man
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Evolutionary Game Theory ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Evolutionary Strategies ◽  
Incentive Mechanisms ◽  
Initial Cost ◽  
Cooperation Mechanism ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Government ◽  
Evolution Trend

Good cooperation mechanism is an important guarantee for the advancement of industrialization construction. To strengthen the partnership between producers, we analyze the behavior evolution trend of both parties using an evolutionary game theory. Based on the original model, the mechanism of coordination and cooperation between prefabricated producers is explained under the condition of punishment and incentive. The results indicate that stable evolutionary strategies exist under both cooperation and noncooperation, and the evolutionary results are influenced by the initial proportion of both decision-making processes. The government can support the production enterprises to establish a solid partnership through effective punishment and incentive mechanisms to reduce the initial cost in the supply chain of prefabricated construction, resulting in a win-win situation.

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