scholarly journals The concept and implementation of an energy retaining wall of large diameter piles

2020 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
pp. 06007
Author(s):  
Octavian Bujor ◽  
Iulia Prodan ◽  
Augustin Popa ◽  
Horia Ban
Keyword(s):  
Slope Failure ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Energy Piles ◽  
Urban Energy ◽  
Implementation Stages

Performance and success of energy geostructures systems are already facts proven by research and practice. The number of implementations is in constant grow and due to their advantages, such systems have started to be implemented in a variety of structural elements. Among the various types, energy piles are the most common type of energy geostructures. However, most of the existing research, experimental sites and case studies refer to energy piles as a foundation element. This paper presents the concept and implementation steps of a different type of energy piles system which is a retaining wall of piles built in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The paper is based on a real project case study, where large diameter piles are used as retaining wall for an urban excavation on a steep slope with high slope failure potential. The piles from the retaining system have been energy equipped in order to be used as an energy exchange element with the ground for heating and cooling demand of 3 new residential buildings from the same site. The paper will present the concept of an urban energy retaining wall and implementation stages of the project.

scholarly journals Numerical Modelling of Soil-Nail and Secant Pile in Plaxis 2D: A Case Study of Tomb of Jam Nizam-al-Din Samoo, Makkli Thatta

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Raghib Abbas Shah ◽  
Aneel Kumar ◽  
Tauha Hussain Ali ◽  
Muhammad Rehan Hakro ◽  
Mohammad Achar Zardari
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modelling ◽  
Factor Of Safety ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
East Side ◽  
Soil Nail ◽  
The Will ◽  
Historical Heritage

Abstract The majority of historical heritage structures of Makli, Thatta require rehabilitation. As the Tomb of Jam Nizam-al-Din Samoo is near the slope’s edge, the settlement increased due to slope degradation. This study aims to investigate the effect of structural elements such as secant pile and structural nails on the settlement of Tomb. From this study, it was observed that with the installation of secant piles on the slope, Tomb’s settlement can be reduced considerably; moreover, the anchors did not have an appreciable role in the settlement. The secant pile of 12 m sufficient to reduce settlement. This will be economical and easy approach as compare to the retaining wall. The Factor of safety (FOS) reduced from 1.36 to 1.10 with increase of slope from 45 to 35. The FOS of slope also increased with the installation of nails from east side of slope. The will reduce the chances of slope failure and consequently the tilting/collapse of Tomb.

scholarly journals Acquiring the Foremost Window Allocation Strategy to Achieve the Best Trade-Off Among Energy, Environmental, and Comfort Criteria in a Building

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3962
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Farzaneh Mousavi Motlagh ◽  
Ali Sohani ◽  
Mohammad Djavad Saghafi ◽  
Hoseyn Sayyaadi ◽  
Benedetto Nastasi
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
The North ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Building Facades ◽  
Lighting Energy ◽  
Order Preference ◽  
Comfort Criteria

The purpose of this investigation is to propose a way for acquiring the foremost window allocation scheme to have the best trade-off among energy, environmental, and comfort criteria in a building. An advanced decision-making tool, named the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), is utilized to find the best building amongst different alternatives for having windows on the building façades. Three conditions, namely two parallel, two perpendicular, and three façades, considered as A, B, and C types, respectively, are investigated. For each type, four possible orientations are studied. Heating, cooling, and lighting energy demands in addition to carbon dioxide equivalent emission and thermal and visual comfort are taken into account as the investigated criteria, and they are all evaluated in a simulation environment. The results show that for the modular residential buildings chosen as the case study and located in Tehran, Iran, having windows on the north and east façades is the best scheme. This alternative, which belongs to the B type, has about 40% and 37% lower heating and cooling energy demands than the C type’s foremost alternative. It is also able to provide about 10% better CO2 equivalent emission and 28% higher thermal comfort.

scholarly journals Novel Energy System Design Workflow for Zero-Carbon Energy District Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahador Samadzadegan ◽  
Soroush Samareh Abolhassani ◽  
Sanam Dabirian ◽  
Saeed Ranjbar ◽  
Hadise Rasoulian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
System Model ◽  
Energy System Model ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Urban Energy ◽  
Zero Carbon

The growing urban population globally leads to higher greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and stress on the electricity networks for meeting the increasing demand. In the early urban design stages, the optimization of the urban morphology and building physics characteristics can reduce energy demand. Local generation using renewable energy resources is also a viable option to reduce emissions and improve grid reliability. Notwithstanding, energy simulation and environmental impact assessment of urban building design strategies are usually not done until the execution planning stage. To address this research gap, a novel framework for designing energy systems for zero-carbon districts is developed. An urban building energy model is integrated with an urban energy system model in this framework. Dynamic prediction of heating and cooling demand and automatic sizing of different energy system configurations based on the calculated demands are the framework's primary capabilities. The workability of the framework has been tested on a case study for an urban area in Montreal to design and compare two different renewable energy systems comprising photovoltaic panels (PV), air-source, and ground source heat pumps. The case study results show that the urban building energy model could successfully predict the heating and cooling demands in multiple spatiotemporal resolutions, while the urban energy system model provides system solutions for achieving a zero-carbon or positive energy district.

Safety and reliability of retaining wall: case study

Geotecnia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 138 ◽  
pp. 37-60
Author(s):  
Rinaldo Garcia Ramirez ◽  
◽  
Jeselay Hemetério Cordeiro dos Reis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Safety And Reliability

Energy Consumption Pattern of Residential Buildings: Case Study of Residential Area in Batu Pahat, Johor

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junaidah Jailani ◽  
◽  
Norsyalifa Mohamad ◽  
Muhammad Amirul Omar ◽  
Hauashdh Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Residential Sector ◽  
Waste Energy ◽  
Main Factor ◽  
Energy Consumption Pattern

According to the National Energy Balance report released by the Energy Commission of Malaysia in 2016, the residential sector uses 21.6% of the total energy in Malaysia. Residents waste energy through inefficient energy consumption and a lack of awareness. Building occupants are considered the main factor that influences energy consumption in buildings, and to change energy consumption on an overall scale, it is crucial to change individual behaviour. Therefore, this study focused on analysing the energy consumption pattern and the behaviour of consumers towards energy consumption in their homes in the residential area of Batu Pahat, Johor. A self-administrated questionnaire approach was employed in this study. The findings of this study showed that the excessive use of air conditioners was a significant factor in the increasing electricity bills of homeowners as well as the inefficient use of electrical appliances. Also, this study determined the effect of awareness on consumer behaviour. This study recommends ways to help minimise energy consumption in the residential area.

Thinning in mature eastern white pine: 43-year case study

2002 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D Anderson ◽  
John C Zasada ◽  
Glen W Erickson ◽  
Zigmond A Zasada
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Thinning Intensity ◽  
Pine Regeneration ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Over Time

A white pine (Pinus strobus L.) stand at the western margin of the species range, approximately 125 years of age at present, was thinned in 1953 from 33.5 m2 ha-1 to target residual basal areas of 18.4, 23.0, 27.5, and 32.1 m2 ha-1 . Repeated measurement over the following 43-years indicated that the greatest total volume production and the greatest number of large diameter trees occurred in the unit of highest residual density. Over time, the distribution of stems was predominantly random although mortality between 1979 and 1996 resulted in a tendency for clumping in the 23.0 and 27.5 m2 ha-1 treatments. DNA analysis indicated that thinning intensity had little effect on the genetic diversity of residual white pine. This study suggests that mature white pine stands in northern Minnesota may be managed at relatively high densities without loss of productivity. However, regardless of overstory density, there was little or no white pine regeneration occurring in this stand. Key words: thinning, growth, genetic diversity, molecular markers, spatial pattern, regeneration

scholarly journals Laboratory-Scale Processing and Performance Assessment of Ti–Ta High-Temperature Shape Memory Spring Actuators

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Paulsen ◽  
H. Dumlu ◽  
D. Piorunek ◽  
D. Langenkämper ◽  
J. Frenzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Wire Drawing ◽  
Fast Heating ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Arc Melting ◽  
Ω Phase ◽  
And Performance

AbstractTi75Ta25 high-temperature shape memory alloys exhibit a number of features which make it difficult to use them as spring actuators. These include the high melting point of Ta (close to 3000 °C), the affinity of Ti to oxygen which leads to the formation of brittle α-case layers and the tendency to precipitate the ω-phase, which suppresses the martensitic transformation. The present work represents a case study which shows how one can overcome these issues and manufacture high quality Ti75Ta25 tensile spring actuators. The work focusses on processing (arc melting, arc welding, wire drawing, surface treatments and actuator spring geometry setting) and on cyclic actuator testing. It is shown how one can minimize the detrimental effect of ω-phase formation and ensure stable high-temperature actuation by fast heating and cooling and by intermediate rejuvenation anneals. The results are discussed on the basis of fundamental Ti–Ta metallurgy and in the light of Ni–Ti spring actuator performance.

scholarly journals Heating and Cooling Degree-Days Climate Change Projections for Portugal

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 715
Author(s):  
Cristina Andrade ◽  
Sandra Mourato ◽  
João Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Climate Change Projections ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Cooling Degree Days ◽  
Heating Energy Demand

Climate change is expected to influence cooling and heating energy demand of residential buildings and affect overall thermal comfort. Towards this end, the heating (HDD) and cooling (CDD) degree-days along with HDD + CDD were computed from an ensemble of seven high-resolution bias-corrected simulations attained from EURO-CORDEX under two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). These three indicators were analyzed for 1971–2000 (from E-OBS) and 2011–2040, and 2041–2070, under both RCPs. Results predict a decrease in HDDs most significant under RCP8.5. Conversely, it is projected an increase of CDD values for both scenarios. The decrease in HDDs is projected to be higher than the increase in CDDs hinting to an increase in the energy demand to cool internal environments in Portugal. Statistically significant linear CDD trends were only found for 2041–2070 under RCP4.5. Towards 2070, higher(lower) CDD (HDD and HDD + CDD) anomaly amplitudes are depicted, mainly under RCP8.5. Within the five NUTS II

scholarly journals Towards Sustainable Energy Retrofitting, a Simulation for Potential Energy Use Reduction in Residential Buildings in Palestine

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3876
Author(s):  
Sameh Monna ◽  
Adel Juaidi ◽  
Ramez Abdallah ◽  
Aiman Albatayneh ◽  
Patrick Dutournie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Space Cooling ◽  
Cooling Loads

Since buildings are one of the major contributors to global warming, efforts should be intensified to make them more energy-efficient, particularly existing buildings. This research intends to analyze the energy savings from a suggested retrofitting program using energy simulation for typical existing residential buildings. For the assessment of the energy retrofitting program using computer simulation, the most commonly utilized residential building types were selected. The energy consumption of those selected residential buildings was assessed, and a baseline for evaluating energy retrofitting was established. Three levels of retrofitting programs were implemented. These levels were ordered by cost, with the first level being the least costly and the third level is the most expensive. The simulation models were created for two different types of buildings in three different climatic zones in Palestine. The findings suggest that water heating, space heating, space cooling, and electric lighting are the highest energy consumers in ordinary houses. Level one measures resulted in a 19–24 percent decrease in energy consumption due to reduced heating and cooling loads. The use of a combination of levels one and two resulted in a decrease of energy consumption for heating, cooling, and lighting by 50–57%. The use of the three levels resulted in a decrease of 71–80% in total energy usage for heating, cooling, lighting, water heating, and air conditioning.

scholarly journals Effect of blast loading and resulting progressive failure of a cable-stayed bridge

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Mudragada ◽  
S. S. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Progressive Failure ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Progressive Collapse ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Blast Loads ◽  
Cable Stayed Bridge ◽  
Bridge Performance ◽  
Cable Stayed Bridges

AbstractMany researchers have carried out experimental and numerical investigations to examine building structures’ response to explosive loads. Studies of bridges subjected to blast loads are limited. Hence, in this study, we present a case study on a cable-stayed bridge, namely, Charles River Cable-Stayed Bridge-Boston, to assess its robustness and resistance against the progressive collapse resulting from localized failure due to blast loads. Three different blast scenarios are considered to interpret the bridge performance to blast loads. To monitor the progressive failure mechanisms of the structural elements due to blast, pre-defined plastic hinges are assigned to the bridge deck. The results conclude that the bridge is too weak to sustain the blast loads near the tower location, and the progressive collapse is inevitable. Hence, to preserve this cable-stayed bridge from local and global failure, structural components should be more reinforced near the tower location. This case study helps the designer better understand the need for blast resistance design of cable-stayed bridges.

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