scholarly journals Increased Environmental Requirements for Energy Objects in the Central Ecological Area of the Baikal Natural Territory: Problems and Condition for Implementation

2020 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 05011
Author(s):  
Elena P. Maysyuk
Keyword(s):  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Natural Territory

The most important document regulating the use of natural resources in the territories adjacent to the lake Baikal in Russia became the federal law No. 94 “On the protection of the lake. Baikal” from 1 May 1999. A list of prohibited activities has been approved for the central ecological area which now again discuss. Taking into account the categorization of objects that have a negative impact on the environment, the energy objects of the central ecological area are assigned to categories II and III. And in case of changes concerning of categorization in the list of prohibited activities, it means that operation of energy objects will prohibited. The main environmental problem of the energy sector is the use of coal and the presence of a hazard class 1 substance in the emissions. To achievement environmental requirements, it is necessary to replace coal with alternative environmentally friendly types of energy carriers (natural gas and electricity). In order to implement the increased requirements for energy objects, it is necessary to develop a special package of normative legal acts and government support measures, including significant financial costs, focused on this territory.

ABOUT MEASURES TO REDUCE THE RISK OF CYANOTOXINS EXPOSURE TO THE HEALTH OF POPULATION BY REGULATING PHOSPHATES IN SYNTHETIC DETERGENTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Kh. Kh. Khamidulina ◽  
A. S. Proskurina
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
World Community ◽  
Hazardous Chemical ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
The Republic

Currently, the environmental problem of the eutrophication of water bodies caused by anthropogenic factors and to the greatest extent pollution by synthetic detergents with a high phosphorus content is becoming increasingly acute. The amount of phosphorus entering the water bodies from synthetic detergents is 95% of its total amount. The rapid development of algae and the «blooming of water» lead to an increase in the population of cyanobacteria capable of releasing toxins that are dangerous to humans, including hepato-, neuro- and cytotoxins. In order to minimize phosphate pollution of water bodies, the world community is actively replacing phosphoruscontaining compounds in synthetic detergents with phosphate-free ones. This was reflected in the proposals of Rospotrebnadzor in terms of toughening the requirements to the content of phosphates in detergents in draft EAEU TR «On the safety of synthetic detergents and household chemical goods», setting them at 0.5%. Manufacturers and regulators in four EAEU States, with the exception of the Republic of Kazakhstan, supported the proposed value. In addition, in order to regulate the cyanotoxin’s content the Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances of Rospotrebnadzor recommended setting the microcystin-LR MAC in the water for domestic, drinking and cultural purposes and drinking water at a level of 0.001 mg/L, a limiting indicator of harmfulness - sanitary-toxicological, hazard class 1.

scholarly journals HYGIENIC EVALUATION OF THE CLASS HAZARD OF DISCHARGES FROM ROAD-VEHICLES COMPLEX

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 711-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilya A. Alikbayeva ◽  
S. P. Kolodiy ◽  
A. V. Bek
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Road Vehicles ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
The Road ◽  
Production Wastes ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Main Component

The purpose of the study. Hygienic evaluation of discharges from the road-vehicle complex to justify recommendations for handling it in urbanized areas. Material and methods. The object of the study was discharges from the road-vehicles complex (RVC) in four cities of Russia - Saint-Petersburg, Chelyabinsk, Perm and Ufa. The research program included the analysis of the chemical composition of RVC discharges; determination of hazard classes of waste for the health of the person at the SP 2.1.7.1386-03 “Sanitary rules on determining the hazard class of toxic production wastes and consumption” (2003) and the calculation of class of danger according to the degree of negative impact on the environment in accordance with the “Criteria for classification of wastes of hazard classes I-V according to the degree of negative impact on the environment” (2014). Results. In the analyzed samples silicon dioxide (up to 92%) appeared to be the main component of RVC discharges in cities of Petersburg, Perm, Chelyabinsk and Ufa. In RVC discharges the content of seven chemical substances hazard class 1 and 2 exceeded their MPC in soil: copper - by 10 to 35 times, Nickel - from 2.6 to 61.7 times, zinc - from 3 to 5.5 times, arsenic - from 2 to 4.4 times, chromium - 2.1 to 36.6 times, cobalt - from 1.3 to 2.8 times, benzo(a)pyrene from 1 to 4.4 times. According to class of danger to human health RVC discharges waste in four cities refer to hazard class 2- highly hazardous waste, and on the basis of indices, the total index of hazard waste for the environment to hazard class 4 - low hazard waste. Mandatory collection and removal from RVC from urban areas is recommended. It is necessary to perform additional studies to assess of migration-water hazard index RVC discharges with the aim of the determination of regulations for its disposal and storage outside the city.

scholarly journals State Support for Households with Children in COVID 19 Conditions: Comparative Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 01022
Author(s):  
Svetlana Kostina ◽  
Galina Bannykh
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
State Support ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
Families With Children

Research background: The restrictions introduced by nation states to overcome the spread of the COVID19 pandemic had a negative impact on the situation of families with children due to lower incomes of the population, increased unemployment, and reduced opportunities for using social infrastructure (education, health, culture and sports). In order to overcome the consequences of the restrictions introduced during the COVID19, national states proposed various support measures not only for business, but also for the population, especially for families with children. Purpose of the article: The purpose of the article is to conduct a comparative analysis of government support measures for families with children aimed at overcoming the socio-economic consequences of COVID 19, using the example of the Russian Federation and a number of countries in Europe and Asia. Methods: as the main research methods are the analysis of documents, the analysis of statistical data. Findings & Value added: The analysis presents systematic data on measures of state support for families with children in various European and Asian countries. It is concluded that these measures are of a monetary nature (in the form of direct payments), and non-monetary nature (in the form of guarantees, benefits, material assistance of various kinds). At the same time, the question of the effectiveness of these measures to restore the socio-economic situation of families with children during and after СOVID19 remains controversial.

ANTI-CRISIS MEASURES TO SUPPORT THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY IN THE CONTEXT OF A PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Aza A. Bisultanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
The World ◽  
Effective Program ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Spread Of Infection

During the spread of coronavirus infection, all countries of the world took active measures to prevent the spread of infection. Such measures made it possible to significantly reduce the spread of infection, to get out of the pandemic with few casualties, compared to what they could have been. However, the measures taken, in addition to having a positive impact, also had a negative impact. At this stage of economic development, overcoming the current situation will require an effective program of government support measures.

ON THE NEED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HYGIENIC STANDARDS (MACs) IN THE WATER AND AIR OF THE WORKING AREA FOR PERFLUOROOCTANOIC ACID IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Kh. Kh. Khamidulina ◽  
E. V. Tarasova ◽  
A. S. Proskurina ◽  
A. R. Egiazaryan ◽  
I. V. Zamkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Perfluorooctanoic Acid ◽  
Stockholm Convention ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
The Russian Federation

Currently, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) has no hygienic standards in the air of the working area and objects of the human environment in the Russian Federation. By the decision of the Stockholm Convention SC-9/12, PFOA, its salts and derivatives are included in Part I of Annex A of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants in 2019 (with exceptions for possible use). The Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade included PFOA, its salts and derivatives in the list of potential candidates for inclusion in Annex III of the Rotterdam Convention at the next meeting COP10 in 2021. The use of this chemical on the territory of the Russian Federation entails water and air pollution. Industrial emissions and waste water from fluoropolymer production, thermal use of materials and products containing polytetrafluoroethylene, biological and atmospheric degradation of fluorotelomer alcohols, waste water from treatment facilities are the sources of the release of PFOA into the environment. Analysis of international databases has showed that PFOA is standardized in the air of the working area in Germany, Japan, and Switzerland. In the countries of the European Union, as well as the USA and Canada, the issue of PFOA standardizing in drinking water is being now actively under discuss. Taking into account the high toxicity and hazard of the substance and the serious concern of the civil society of the Russian Federation, the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing requested the Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances to develop MACs for perfluorooctanoic acid in the air of the working area and water as soon as possible. The MACs for PFOA have been proposed using risk analysis: 0,005 mg/m3, aerosol, hazard class 1 – in the air of the working area and 0,0002 mg/L, the limiting hazard indicator – sanitary-toxicological, hazard class 1 – in the water.

scholarly journals ECO-DESIGN ACTIONS TO IMPROVE LIFE CYCLE ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF FACE MASKS IN THE PANDEMIC ERA

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1333-1342
Author(s):  
Núria Boix Rodríguez ◽  
Marco Marconi ◽  
Claudio Favi ◽  
Giovanni Formentini
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Near Future

AbstractFace masks are currently considered essential devices that people must wear today and in the near future, until the COVID-19 pandemic will be completely defeated through specific medicines and vaccines. Such devices are generally made of thermoplastic polymers, as polypropylene and polyethylene and are single use products. Even if in this period the sanitary emergency must have the maximum priority, the world society should not completely forget the environmental problem that are causing more and more obvious climate changes with correlated damages to ecosystems and human health. Despite the well-known correlation among anti-COVID protective equipment (or more generally medical devices) and environmental issues, the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and eco-design-based studies in this field is very scarce. The present study aims to derive the most important environmental criticalities of such products, by using LCA and product circularity indicators of five different common masks. The final aim is to provide eco-design guidelines, useful to design new face masks by preventing negative impact on the environment.

scholarly journals Research on Green Innovation of the Great Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan City Group Based on Network

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1198
Author(s):  
Lu Wang ◽  
Wenzhong Ye ◽  
Lingming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Network Structure ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Green Innovation ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
Network Scale ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
City Group

This article aims to promote the high-quality development of the Great Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan City Group and improve the green innovation efficiency of urban agglomeration. This article takes green innovation in networked urban agglomerations as its research subject. Furthermore, it analyzes the impact of network structure characteristics such as network scale and network structure hole on green innovation in urban agglomerations. Moreover, this study uses the unexpected output SBM model to measure green innovation efficiency of the eight prefecture-level cities in the Great Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan City Group from 2012 to 2018 and analyzes its influencing factors using the panel Tobit model. The results show that the overall green innovation efficiency of the Great Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan City Group is stable. The distribution of urban green innovation efficiency in the region is characterized by urban gradient and mid-stream drive. In the process of networked innovation, economic development, which has a positive impact on green innovation, promotes the overall effectiveness of the network structure. The low efficiency of urban educational resources, which has a negative impact on green innovation, leads to the redundancy of a network scale. The unapparent advantage of industrial structures, which have a negative impact on the development of green innovation, leads to the insufficient depth and breadth of network openness. Lastly, government support and the level of infrastructure have no impact on green innovation.

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