scholarly journals Type of pests in agrobiocenosis of rice and pest control

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 04032
Author(s):  
N Otamirzayev ◽  
R Ibodullayeva
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
Chemical Agent ◽  
Corn Stalk ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Germination Period ◽  
Biological Effectiveness ◽  
Control Variant

In the article, 10 species of pests that damage rice plants during the season in the rice agrobiocenosis were identified. Leptestheria dahalacensis Sars, Apus concriformis Sh., Corn stalk Ostrinia nubilalis Hb, and Cephus pygmaeus have been reported to cause damage to rice grasses.A growth calendar has been developed. In the pest experiment during the rice germination period, biological effectiveness of the drug was the highest for 15 days, accounted for 93.9%, in the variant treated with Nurell D 55% em.k at rate of 1.5 l/ha. When the variant was treated with Tayshin 500 s.d.g (Clothianidin) at rate of 0.06 kg/ha, the effectives of the drug were 93.3% in 14 days. In the experiment, Nurell D 55% em.k (1.5 l/ha) was used against the main pests (0.06kg/ha) yielded 70.7 q/ha in the variant in which the chemical agent was used, and 10.1 additional yields were reported. The results showed that the yield of “Iskandar” variety was 73.8 q/ha, which was 13.2 q/ha more than the control, when Nurell D 55% em.k (1.5 l/ha) against the main pests was applied. Whereas new chemical Tayshin 500 s.d.g. (0.06kg/ha) was used in the variant, in which the yield was 70.7 q/ha, and it was more by 10.1 q/ha than the control variant.

scholarly journals Pests of rice agrobiocenosis type of structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 04019
Author(s):  
N G Otamirzaev ◽  
R Ibodullaeva
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
Chemical Agent ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Germination Period ◽  
Biological Effectiveness

The article identified 10 species of pests that damage rice plants during the season in rice agrobiocenosis. Leptestheria dahalacensis Sars, Apus concriformis Sh., Ostrinia nubilalis Hb, and Cephus pygmaeus have been reported to cause damage to rice grasses. A growth calendar has been developed. In the pest experiment during the rice germination period, Nurell D was found to contain 55% em.k. (Cypermethrin + chlorpriphos) - in the variant applied to 1.5 l/ha, the biological effectiveness of the drug is the highest for 14 days - 93.9%, in the variant treated with Tayshin 500 s.d.g (Clothianidin) -0.06 kg/ha for 14 days - 93.3%. In the experiment, the main pest Nurell D in the variant using 55% (1.5 l/ha) was 73.8 quintals of Iskandar variety, ie 13.2 quintals per hectare compared to the control, the new chemical Taishin 500 s.d.g. (0.06kg/ha) yielded 70.7 q/ha in the variant in which the chemical agent was used, and 10.1 additional yields were reported.

scholarly journals Control of the number of field slugs Deroceras agreste L. in the plantations of garden strawberry

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 06007
Author(s):  
Marina Podgornaya ◽  
Nadezhda Didenko ◽  
Anfisa Vasilchenko ◽  
Julia Kashchits ◽  
Irina Mishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Berry Crops ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Biological Effectiveness ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
Control Variant

Slugs cause serious harm to nurseries and young plantations of fruit and berry crops in the Krasnodar region. On garden strawberries, the most common species is the field slug Deroceras agreste L., whose larvae damage ripe fruits and leaves, as well as contaminate them with their secretions and mucus, which leads to a decrease in the quality of seedlings and contributes to damage by secondary pests. In modern protection systems, the most commonly used pest control systems are molluscicides containing methaldehyde. The aim of our research was to assess the biological effectiveness of the molluscicides Sliznyakoff, G (60 g/kg methaldehyde) and Slizneed, G (60 g/kg methaldehyde) in controlling the abundance of field slugs in strawberry agrocenoses on the Clery variety. It was found that with an average number of phytophage larvae in the control variant (12.5-16.0 individuals / 10 m2), a single use of molluscicides causes 95.3 % mortality of D. agreste L. on the 7th day.

The Impact of UV Irradiation of Winter Wheat Seeds on Enzymatic Activity in the Germination Period

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
E N Simonova ◽  
M M Ayrapetyan ◽  
A A Eroshenko ◽  
N S Vertiy
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Germination Period ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Wheat Seeds

There have been conducted comprehensive studies of the effect of UV irradiation on enzymatic activity in the germination period of winter wheat seeds under different irradiation regimes. They have identified the maximum increase in amylase activity on the fourth day from the beginning of seed germination in variants with three and five minute UV irradiation and this indicator’s value exceeded that of the control variant on 58.6 % and 64.1%, respectively. Catalase activity was of its maximum value by the fourth day from the beginning of seed germination in variants with three and five minute UV irradiation and exceeded the value of the control variant on 14.7% and 17.7%, respectively. Peroxidase activity was of its maximum on the eighth day from the beginning of seed germination in all experimental variants. In a variant with three minute UV irradiation, peroxidase activity exceeded the control values of this indicator on 50% and in a variant with five minute UV irradiation on 55%. The use of a mercury-quartz lamp BNPO 2-30-001U3.5 to stimulate physio-logical and biochemical processes in germinating seeds made it possible to identify different enzymatic activities depending on the time exposure to UV irradiation.

scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF ZEOLITE-CONTAINING TRIPOLI IN PEST CONTROL OF POTATOES

2018 ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
G.I. Sukhoruchenko ◽  
◽  
T.I. Vasilieva ◽  
G.I. Ivanova ◽  
S.A. Volgarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Biological Effectiveness

scholarly journals PENINGKATAN KAPASITAS PETANI DALAM PENERAPAN BIOPESTISIDA PENGENDALI HAMA PADA TANAMAN PADI SAWAH (Oryza sativa L.) DI DESA CIASMARA KECAMATAN PAMIJAHAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-658
Author(s):  
Gema Lentra Putri Aghis ◽  
Rudi Hartono ◽  
Ait Maryani
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Rank Analysis ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Paddy Farmers ◽  
New Farmers ◽  
Planting Season

Pest attacks in the agricultural sector have become commonplace in every planting season and even pest attacks can reduce rice productivity 2-4 tons / ha, new farmers apply pest control according to the recommendations of around 38-40% less than 50% of the extension agent's target so the importance of using biopesticides as an effort to reduce pest attacks through the application of Pest Control Biopesticides which aim to Describe the increase in farmer capacity in the application of Pest Control Biopesticides, Analyze Factors related to increasing the capacity of farmers in the application of Pest Control Biopesticides in rice plants. The study was conducted in Ciasmara Village, Pamijahan District. The sample of the research is active farmers who are 40 members of farmer groups, using Descriptive Data Analysis, Spearman Rank Analysis. The results of research on improving the capacity of farmers in the application of biopesticides at the Knowledge stage are starting to recognize the existence of innovations and gain some understanding of the innovations functioning, followed by the stages of persuasion (Action), and decisions until confirmation. There is a positive (unidirectional) relationship between formal education, cosmopolitan, environmentally friendly paddy technology innovation, extension of environmentally friendly innovation, and agricultural technology information with increasing capacity of paddy farmers in Ciasmara village with a strong level of correlation (correlation), and there is influence in the use of biopesticides against pest reduction in lowland rice plants

INSECT PROTEASES, PLANT PROTEASE INHIBITORS, AND POSSIBLE PEST CONTROL

1991 ◽  
Vol 123 (S159) ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon G. Houseman ◽  
A.M. Larocque ◽  
N.M.R. Thie
Keyword(s):  
Protease Inhibitors ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Insect Midgut ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Plant Protease

AbstractSince the first observation that plants contained protease inhibitors, as identified by their ability to inhibit vertebrate enzymes, it has been postulated that the presence of these substances was related to their phytoprotective abilities. However the following assumptions (1) that phytophagous insects use trypsin, and (2) that ingested inhibitors disrupt digestive proteolysis in insects, have not been adequately tested. Identification of non-tryptic enzymes, cathepsin B, D, and H in phytophagous Coleoptera and unique trypsin-like enzymes in Lepidoptera, indicates insect proteases may differ from their vertebrate counterparts. Putative inhibitor proteins inhibited vertebrate trypsin and chymotrypsin in vitro but had no effect on the trypsin- or chymotrypsin-like activity from the insect midgut. Feeding experiments with the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), indicate that ingestion of inhibitors may not disrupt digestive proteolysis in vivo and the vertebrate trypsin inhibitor in corn may be ineffective as a phytoprotective strategy for this insect. Limitations and implications of ingested inhibitors for future pest control may depend on the origin of the inhibitor, as well as the insect's response.

scholarly journals Efektifitas Daun Sirsak (Anona muricata L) dan Daun Gamal (Gliricidia sepium) dalam Pengendalian Hama Walang Sangit (Leptocorisa acuta T) pada Tanaman padi Effectiveness of Soursop Leaf (Anona muricata L) and Gliricidia Leaf (Gliricidia sepium) to Contr

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Midy San Lebang ◽  
Dantje Taroreh ◽  
Jimmy Rimbing
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Type A ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Rice Pest ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji efektifitas ekstrak daun sirsak dan daun gamal sebagai pengendali hama walang sangit  pada tanaman padi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 2 perlakuan yaitu jenis ekstrak dan konsentrasi ekstrak. Perlakuan 1 yaitu jenis ekstrak daun (A): sirsak (A1) dan gamal (A2), perlakuan 2 yaitu konsentrasi ekstrak (K): Kontrol (K0), 5% (K1), 10% (K2), 15% (K3), dan 20% (K4). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun sirsak efektif terhadap mortalitas walang sangit tertinggi pada konsentrasi 20% (83%) dan yang terendah pada konsentrasi 0% (0 %). Ekstrak daun gamal juga efektif terhadap mortalitas walang sangit tertinggi pada konsentrasi 20% (74%) dan yang terendah pada konsentrasi 0% (0%). Waktu kematian pada hari pertama setelah aplikasi dengan rata-rata mortalitas tertinggi berada pada perlakuan ekstrak daun sirsak 20% (30%) dan daun gamal 20% (28%) dan terendah berada pada perlakuan ekstrak daun sirsak 0% (0%) dan daun gamal 0 % (0%). Kata kunci: daun gamal, daun sirsak, tanaman padi, walang sangit Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of soursop leaf extract and gliricidia leaves as pest control of walang rice (L. acuta) in the rice plants. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 treatments, i.e. extract type and extract concentration. The treatment of extract type (A) were soursop (A1) and Gamal (A2), whereas the treatment  of extract concentration (K) were control (K0), 5% (K1), 10% (K2), 15% (K3), and 20% (K4). The results showed that the soursop leaf extract was effective to control sangit walang with the highest mortality was in the concentration of 20% (83%) and the lowest was in the concentration of 0% (0%). Gliricidia leaf extract was also effective to control sangit walang with the highest mortality in the concentration of 20% (74%) and the lowest was in the concentration of 0% (0%). The mortality time was on the first day of the application with the average highest mortality was in the treatment of 20% soursop leaf extract  (30%)and 20% gliricidia leaves (28%) respectively. The lowest mortality was in the treatment of 0% soursop leaf extract (0%) and 0% gliricidia leaves (0%).Keywords: gliricidia leaves, rice plant, soursop leaves, walang rice pest

Atom-probe analysis of the solid-liquid interface

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 676-677
Author(s):  
J.A. Panitz
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Level ◽  
Selective Adsorption ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Atom Probe ◽  
Chemical Agent ◽  
Hostile Environment ◽  
Solid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Chemically Selective

The first few atomic layers of a solid can form a barrier between its interior and an often hostile environment. Although adsorption at the vacuum-solid interface has been studied in great detail, little is known about adsorption at the liquid-solid interface. Adsorption at a liquid-solid interface is of intrinsic interest, and is of technological importance because it provides a way to coat a surface with monolayer or multilayer structures. A pinhole free monolayer (with a reasonable dielectric constant) could lead to the development of nanoscale capacitors with unique characteristics and lithographic resists that surpass the resolution of their conventional counterparts. Chemically selective adsorption is of particular interest because it can be used to passivate a surface from external modification or change the wear and the lubrication properties of a surface to reflect new and useful properties. Immunochemical adsorption could be used to fabricate novel molecular electronic devices or to construct small, “smart”, unobtrusive sensors with the potential to detect a wide variety of preselected species at the molecular level. These might include a particular carcinogen in the environment, a specific type of explosive, a chemical agent, a virus, or even a tumor in the human body.

Regulation of plastid photosynthetic psbK-I-D-C gene expression by light in rice plants

1995 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Chen Grace Chen ◽  
Sang-Pin Wu ◽  
Pang-Kuo Lo ◽  
Dir-Pu Mon ◽  
Long-Fang Oliver Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Rice Plants
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