scholarly journals Growth response of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp) on saline and alfisol soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 306 ◽  
pp. 01010
Author(s):  
M. Soedarjo
Keyword(s):  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

As an archipelago country, Indonesia is surrounded by abundant saline soils which could be potential for growing food crops. The research work was conducted to study the growth responses of some pigeon pea genotypes on saline soils. The genotypes of Pigeon pea (LG Kidul, Mega, 90024, 91043 and 94028), as treatment, were grown on Alfisol soil (non-saline) and on saline soil. The experiment was carried out using completely randomized design and replicated three times. All data observed were analyzed by employing standard deviation from 3 replicates. The results of present research work revealed a significant growth retardation of pigeon pea when grown on saline soil. All growth parameters, plant height, plant diameter, root dry weight, and shoot dry weight were significantly lower on saline soil than on Alfisol soil. High concentration of Na+ was observed in roots, shoots and leaves of pigeon pea indicating growth retardation and toxicity symptoms of pigeon pea on saline soil was due to Na+.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF MINERAL DEFICIENCY ON MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND ON SHOOT AND ROOT MINERAL PARTITIONING IN THREE SUNFLOWER VARIETIES / EFECTO DE LA FALTA DE ELEMENTOS MINERALAS SOBRE LOS PARAMENTROS MORFOLOGICOS Y FISIOLOGICOS Y REPARTICION DE ELEMENTOS MINERALES DE LA PARTE SOBRE EL SUELO Y DE LA RAIZ EN TRES VARIEDADES / INFLUENCE DE LA CARENCE D’ÉLÉMENTS MINÉRAUX SUR LES PARAMÈTRES MORPHOLOGIQUES ET PHYSIOLOGIQUES ET SUR LA DISTRIBUTION DES ÉLÉMENTS MINÉRAUX ENTRE LA PARTIE AÉRIENNE ET LA RACINE POUR TROIS SORTES DE TOURNESOL

Helia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (35) ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
Mohammed El Midaoui ◽  
Ahmed Talouizte ◽  
Benbella Mohamed ◽  
Serieys Hervé ◽  
Ait Houssa Abdelhadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mineral Deficiency ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Matter Effect

SUMMARYAn experiment has been carried out in order to study the behaviour under mineral deficiency of three sunflower genotypes, a population variety (Oro 9) and two hybrids (Mirasol and Albena). Sunflower seedlings were submitted to five treatments: N deficiency (N0), P deficiency (P0), K deficiency (K0), N and K deficiency (N0K0) and a control. Plants were harvested when they reached 3-4 true pairs of leaves. Growth parameters measured (height, total leaf area, root length, root and shoot dry mater) were all significantly reduced by mineral deficiency. Leaf area was most reduced by N0 (-61%) and P0 (-56%). Total dry matter was most affected by N0 (-63%) and by N0K0 (-66%). Genotype comparisons showed that Oro 9 had the highest shoot dry matter while Albena had the lowest root dry matter. Effect of mineral deficiency on content and partitioning of N, P, K, Ca and Na was significant and varied according to treatments and among plant parts. Shoot dry weight was significantly correlated with root N content (r2=0.81) and root K content (r2=-0.61) for N0 and K0.

scholarly journals Applications of plant growth promoting bacteria and Trichoderma spp. for controlling Orobanche crenata in faba bean

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Ahmed Touny El-Dabaa ◽  
Hassan Abd-El-Khair
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Orobanche Crenata ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

Abstract Background Orobanche crenata is an obligate root parasite belonging to Orbanchaceae. Broomrape causes great damage to the faba bean. Several attempts were applied for controlling parasitic weeds. So, the aim of this work is to study the application of Trichoderma spp. as well as three rhizobacteria species in comparison to herbicidal effect of Glyphosate (Glialka 48% WSC) for controlling broomrape infesting faba bean (Vicia faba). Materials and methods Three pot experiments were carried out in the greenhouse of the National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt during two successive winter seasons. Trichoderma inocula were adjusted to 3.6 × 108 propagules/ml and the bacterium inocula were adjusted at 107–109 colony-forming unit (CFU)/ml. All treatments were applied, before 1 week of sowing, at rate of 50 ml per pot in experiments I and II, while 100 ml per pot in experiment III. Results Trichoderma spp. (T. harzianum, T. viride and T. vierns) as well as three rhizobacteria species (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus) enhanced the growth parameters in faba bean plants, i.e. shoot length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight and leaf number in the first experiment when applied without O. crenata infection. In the second experiment, all bio-control could protect plants against O. crenata infection, where it had better juvenile number reduction, than glyphosate after 2 months of application. Both B. subtilis and B. pumilus had the highest reduction to juvenile fresh weight, while their effect was equal to herbicide for juvenile dry weight, respectively. The bio-control agents had high effects until the 4th month, but it was less than that of the herbicide. In experiment III, the bio-control agents could highly reduce the juvenile parameters after 2 months, as well as juvenile fresh weight and juvenile dry weight after 4 months, than the herbicide, respectively. The bio-control agents were effective until 6 months, but less than the herbicide effect. All bio-control treatments highly increased the plant growth parameters, than the herbicide. Conclusion The application of Trichoderma spp. as well as rhizobacteria species could play an important role in controlling broomrape in faba bean as a natural bioherbicide.

Effects of CGA-43089 on Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor) to Metolachlor Combined by Ozone or Antioxidants

Weed Science ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kriton K. Hatzios
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Propyl Gallate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Additive Effect ◽  
Piperonyl Butoxide ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Combination Treatments

In greenhouse studies, the potential interactive effects of metolachlor [2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide] treatments combined with the air pollutant ozone (O3) or the antioxidants, piperonyl butoxide {α-[2-butoxyethyl) ethoxy]-4,5-dimethylenedioxy-2-propyltoluene} andn-propyl gallate, on the growth of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench ‘Funk G522DR’] seedlings that were protected or unprotected with the antidote, CGA-43089 [α-(cyanomethoximino)-benzacetonitrile], were examined. Metolachlor was applied preplant incorporated at rates of 2.2, 3.9, and 5.6 kg/ha, and it was evaluated against fumigation with O3at 0.2 and 0.3 ppmv or against 4.9, 6.7, and 9.0 kg/ha of each antioxidant applied preplant incorporated. In combination treatments, shoot dry weight at 30 days after planting was reduced more than expected by metolachlor in the presence of the protectant CGA-43089 and ozone or some rates of the two antioxidants, suggesting synergism. In the absence of the protectant, CGA-43089, growth responses of sorghum to combination treatments of metolachlor with ozone or propyl gallate suggested an additive effect, although some treatments of metolachlor combined with piperonyl butoxide interacted synergistically.

scholarly journals Response of 10 Aster Species to Saline Water Irrigation

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shasha Wu ◽  
Youping Sun ◽  
Genhua Niu ◽  
James Altland ◽  
Raul Cabrera
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Salt Damage ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Poor Quality Water ◽  
Copper Canyon

Asteraceae is one of the largest plant families with many important garden ornamental species. Salt tolerance of 10 aster perennials was evaluated in a greenhouse experiment, including the following: damianita (Chrysactinia mexicana), gregg’s mistflower (Eupatorium greggii), shasta daisy (Leucanthemum ×superbum ‘Becky’), blackfoot daisy (Melampodium leucanthum), lavender cotton (Santolina chamaecyparissus), aromatic aster (Symphyotrichum oblongifolium), copper canyon daisy (Tagetes lemmonii), four-nerve daisy (Tetraneuris scaposa), skeleton-leaf goldeneye (Viguiera stenoloba), and zexmenia (Wedelia texana). Plants were irrigated with nutrient solution at electrical conductivity (EC) of 1.2 dS·m−1 (control) or saline solutions at EC of 5.0 or 10.0 dS·m−1 (EC 5 or EC 10) for 5 weeks. Upon termination, growth parameters, foliar salt damage, relative chlorophyll content [Soil-Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) readings], and mineral concentration were measured. Gregg’s mistflower, skeleton-leaf goldeneye, and lavender cotton were the most salt-tolerant species with less reductions in shoot dry weight (DW) in both EC 5 and EC 10. Considering the relatively severe foliar salt damage (visual quality score of 3.1 and 2.7 at EC 5; 2.4 and 1.6 at EC 10) and mortality rate (10% and 40%) in EC 10, aromatic aster and zexmenia should be avoided where poor quality water may be used for irrigation. Gregg’s mistflower and skeleton-leaf goldeneye had relatively lower leaf sodium (Na) concentrations suggesting that both species can selectively exclude Na. Damianita and the four daisies, i.e., blackfoot daisy, copper canyon daisy, four-nerve daisy, and shasta daisy, were salt sensitive as evidenced by their greater growth reduction, foliar salt damage, and high Na and chlorine (Cl) accumulation in leaves, and should be avoided in landscapes where poor quality water may be used for irrigation.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Source and Concentration Affect Growth and Performance of Bedding-plant Impatiens

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 776D-776
Author(s):  
Fredy R. Romero* ◽  
Richard J. Gladon ◽  
Henry G. Taber
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
High Quality ◽  
N Sources ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Bedding Plant ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
And Performance

Impatiens (Impatiens wallerana Hook. f.) is the most important annual bedding plant in the US, based on wholesale dollar volume. Production of high-quality plants requires optimization of the nutrition regimen during growth, especially the total nitrogen (N) concentration and the ratio of N sources. Our objective was to determine the N concentration and ratio of N sources that optimize bedding-plant impatiens growth and development. We used four N concentrations (3.5, 7, 10.5, and 14 mmol·L-1 of N) in factorial combination with four ratios of nitrate-N (NO3--N) to ammonium-N (NH4+-N) (4:0, 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3). Application of treatments began at day 30, and every-other-day applications were conducted until day 60. From day 60 to day 70 only deionized water was applied. N concentration and source displayed interation for most growth parameters. When N was supplied at a concentration ≤7 mmol·L-1, the NO3--N to NH4+-N ratio did not affect growth. When N was supplied at a concentration ≥10.5 mmol·L-1, a 1:3 NO3--N to NH4+-N ratio yielded the greatest shoot dry weight, shoot fresh weight, plant diameter, and number of flower buds per plant. With a NO3--N to NH4+-N ratio of 4:0, these growth parameters decreased. To produce high-quality, bedding-plant impatiens, N should be applied at NO3--N to NH4+-N ratios between 1:1 and 1:3 in combination with an N concentration of 10.5 mmol·L<-1 at each fertigation from day 30 to day 60 of the production cycle.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Growth Parameters of Anthurium andreanum Plants Grown in Mixes with Municipal Solid Waste Compost

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 769C-769
Author(s):  
Maria Del Carmen Libran* ◽  
Dania Rivera ◽  
Lizzette Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Compost ◽  
Number Of Leaves

In Puerto Rico, the ornamental crop production is one of the most important agricultural enterprises. The growing media most used to grow ornamentals contains peat moss which is very expensive and everyday results less available. There is a need to conduct studies to evaluate alternate organic components. In Puerto Rico, the Municipal solid waste compost (MSW) has been considered as a possible component for a growing mix to grow plants. Results from chemical properties studies of the MSW compost shows that it is a source of nutrients for plants. A raw MSW is a contaminat to the environment, but once is composted does not represent a hazard to humans or environment. The objective of this research was to evaluate the growth responses of Anthurium plants grown in mixes containing different proportions of MSW with a commercial type of mix containing peat moss. Plant of Rosa cultivar Anthura Co. were grown under six treatments containing proportions of MSW: Peatlite mix (0:100,15:85,25:75,50:50,75:25, and 100:0). Data of growth parameters such as number of leaves, leaf area index, clorophyll content, number of flowers, adn fresh and dry weight was gathered and analyzed. Results did show not significant differences in all treatments on number of leaves and leaves area. Clorophyll content was similar on treatment 0:100,15:85 and 25:75 of MSW: Peatlite mix. Fresh and dry weight (g) were lower in all treatments except on 0:100, which got the highest weight. These results shown that MSW could be considered to be a component of a soiless mix to grow ornamentals in order to reduce cost production and environmental impact.

scholarly journals Effect of seedling age on growth and yield of two rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties transplanted in Saline Coastal Area of Baros, Yogyakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Riza Afrinda ◽  
Budiastuti Kurniasih
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Seedling Age ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Significant Difference

Marginal land along the coast should be utilized to increase the national rice production. In addition, the use of saline resistant varieties, it is necessary to determine the best seedling age for saline soil. This study aimed to evaluate the growth and yield responses of two rice varieties transplanted at different seedling age on saline soil. The experiment was arranged in a factorial Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with three replications, conducted at saline coastal area of Baros, Yogyakarta, starting from January to June 2017. The first factor was rice varieties, consisting of Dendang and IR-64. Meanwhile, the second factor was the seedling age, consisting of 2 and 4 weeks after sowing (WAS) seedlings. The results showed that the growth and yield of two rice varieties (Dendang and IR-64) showed significant difference, and Dendang showed a better performance than IR-64. The higher yield of Dendang compared to IR-64 was supported by higher plant growth (shoot dry weight) and yield components (number of seeds per panicle, seed weight per plot, and productivity). The 2 and 4 WAS seedlings did not give significantly different effects on nearly all growth variables. However, 2 WAS Dendang rice seedlings had higher shoot dry weight. Meanwhile, IR-64 had higher leaf greenness in 4 WAS seedlings compared to that in 2 WAS seedlings.

scholarly journals Growth response of black velvet tamarind (Dialium guineense Willd) seedling to different potting media

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. U. Osaigbovo ◽  
C. N. C. Nwaoguala
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Potting Media

The response in growth and development of seedlings of Dialium guineense to different potting media was studied in the screen house. Five potting media: River sand (Rs), Top soil (Ts), Poultry manure (Pm), Rice husk (Rh) and Oil palm refuse bunch (OPRB) were used. They were evaluated as sole treatments and in combination with river sand (Rs) in different ratios (1:1, 1:2, 2:5 and 5:2) respectively. Altogether, twenty one (21) potting media types were evaluated. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) in three replications. Data were collected on monthly basis for plant growth parameters, while shoot and root dry weight were measured at the end of the experiment. On the average the seedlings of D. guineense responded best on the Rs + Ts 1:2 growth medium in number of leaves (16.67), stem girth (0.31 cm), number of nodes (11.67), shoot dry weight (1.24 g) and root dry weight (0.50 g). Rs + Ts 1:2 was followed by Rs + Pm 1:1 and Ts sole respectively with respect to the growth parameters evaluated and were not significantly (p 0.05) from one another, but were significantly (p < 0.05) different from other media and their combinations with river sand.

scholarly journals Weed-Competitive Ability of Forage Maize Cultivars against Barnyardgrass

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Khawar Jabran
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Forage Maize ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Leaf Dry Weight

Weed-competitive cultivars are desired in the wake of growing popularity of organic farming, environmental pollution and evolution of herbicide resistance in weeds. This research work evaluated the weed competitive ability of three forage maize cultivars (ADA-523, AGA and SASA-5) against the noxious weed barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P.Beauv.). The study was conducted in spring 2018 and repeated in summer 2018. Results of this study showed that maize-barnyardgrass competition significantly decreased the growth of forage maize plants. For instance, barnyardgrass decreased the maize plant height by 11.9-16.9%, leaf length by 13.3-20.2%, leaf width by 20.2-27.4%, and number of leaves by 14.3-25.0%. Fresh and dry weights of maize plants were also significantly decreased as a result of weed-crop competition. Barnyardgrass decreased the shoot fresh weight (30.7-60.6%), shoot dry weight (33.3-52.2%), leaf fresh weight (33.4-56.5%) and leaf dry weight (31.9-50.0%) of the maize plants. An interactive effect of weed × maize cultivars was found non-significant. Forage maize cultivars also varied occasionally for their traits. Nevertheless, ADA-523 had a higher plant height, leaf length, leaf width, leaf fresh weight and leaf dry weight than the cultivars AGA and SASA-5. On the other hand, the cultivar SASA-5 had a higher shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight and root fresh weight than the other cultivars in the study. This research work concluded that the forage maize cultivars in the study did not vary for the weed-competitive ability. Further, barnyardgrass-maize competition could decrease the growth and development of the maize cultivars.

scholarly journals Relationship between gibberellic acid and growth parameters in developing seed and pod of pigeon pea

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita S. Chudasama ◽  
Vrinda S. Thaker
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Developing Seed ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Ga Content

Changes in endogenous gibberellic acid (GA) levels were determined in developing seeds and pods of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan). Antibodies against GA3 were raised in rabbits and indirect ELISA developed to estimate GA level. Two varieties, black seeded variety (V1) and B.D.N2 (V2), were selected on the basis of their seed index value. The pod length and number of seeds per pod were significantly different for the two varieties. Dry weight, water content (WC), rate of water accumulation, rate of dry matter accumulation (DMA), and GA content in pod and seed were all larger in V1 than in V2. In both varieties, higher GA content was observed during cell elongation and DMA phases, respective to their varietal differences in growth traits. Relationships between WC and rate of DMA, and WC and GA differed significantly between the two varieties. The results suggest a role of GA and WC in sink-size development in both varieties studied.

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