scholarly journals Rice husk as an alternative energy for cement production and its effect on the chemical properties of cement

2018 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 01009
Author(s):  
Agus Maryoto ◽  
Gathot Heri Sudibyo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Insoluble Residue ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Chemical Content ◽  
The Impact

Production of rice husk in Central Java province is around 2,825,000 tonnes annually. It can be used as an alternative energy source to substitute coal in combustion during cement production. This study was conducted to determine the impact of rice husk as a substitute energy source in cement production. The observations of rice husk comprised calorimetric tests, physical and chemical tests, and percentage rice husk substitution for coal as firing energy. The chemical properties of the cement tested include the chemical content, MgO and SO3 contents, loss on ignition, insoluble residue, and total alkali. The results show that the chemical content of cement which is produced using rice husk as a substitute for coal in the combustion process still meets the Indonesian National Standard.

Potential of Industrial Solid Wastes as an Energy Source and Gaseous Emissions Evaluation in a Pilot Scale Burner

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia L. Floriani ◽  
Elaine Virmond ◽  
Christine Albrecht Althoff ◽  
Regina F. P. M. Moreira ◽  
Humberto J. Jose´
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Gas Treatment ◽  
Combustion Tests ◽  
Lower Heating

Biomass is currently used as an alternative energy source in some industries. Due to problems with disposal of wastes, using biomass as an energy source is economically and environmentally attractive. In this work seven wastes from textile and food industry were characterized and their gaseous emissions resulting from their combustion in a pilot unit were measured. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the usage of industrial wastes as an energy source taking into account their composition and gaseous emissions when submitted to combustion tests. Gaseous emissions were compared to limits imposed by Brazilian and international current legislations. Volatile organic compounds (VOC) were analyzed by GC-MS and their content values were expressed as total organic carbon (TOC). Four combustion tests were carried out in a cyclone combustor and all TOC emissions were below regulations limits. CO, CO2, NOx, CxHy and SO2 were also measured. Chemical properties showed that the volatile matter values of all biomass were high what indicate that the solids burn rapidly and some biomass presented high levels of sulphur and consequently high levels of emission of SO2 when burned. The lower heating values ranged from 14.22 to 22.93 MJ.kg−1. Moisture content and particulate matter (PM) were measured during the combustion tests and showed effective combustion conditions. Thermogravimetric analysis of the biomasses showed ignition temperatures and maximum burning rate which were compared to other papers data. The usage of these biomasses as an energy source is possible however gas treatment would be required specially if the solid presents high levels of sulphur and chlorine.

scholarly journals Development of Indonesia corncob and rice husk biobriquette as alternative energy source

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cukup Mulyana ◽  
Asry Peni Wulandari ◽  
Darmawan Hidayat ◽  
Bambang Mukti Wibawa ◽  
Aditya Permana P.
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy Source

scholarly journals Chemical Properties of Charcoal Briquette with Composition Types of Gerunggang (Cratoxylon Arborescens) and Tumih (Combretocarpus Rotundatus) Wood from Tropical Peatlands

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Alpian ◽  
Raynold Panjaitan ◽  
Adi Jaya ◽  
Yanciluk ◽  
Wahyu Supriyati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Pioneer Plants

Charcoal briquettes can be an alternative energy and can be produced from Gerunggang and Tumih types of wood. These two types of wood are commonly found in Kalampangan Village as pioneer plants on burned peatlands. The research objective was to determine the chemical properties of charcoal briquettes produced from biomass waste from land processing without burning with several compositions of Gerunggang wood and Tumih wood. The chemical properties of charcoal briquettes refer to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 01-6235-2000) and Standard Permen ESDM No. 047 of 2006. The results showed that all composition treatments in the ash content test, fixed carbon content and calorific value met the standards, while the test for volatile content in all treatment compositions did not meet the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 01-6235-2000). The composition of the most potential chemical properties and following the two standards used is the composition of 100% Tumih with ash content of 7.67%, volatile matter content of 27.23%, fixed carbon of 55.00%, and heating value of 5902.18 cal/g.

scholarly journals Ethiopian Mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) as an Alternative Energy Source and Sustainable Crop

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7492
Author(s):  
Rahiel Hagos ◽  
Abdulwahab Saliu Shaibu ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Xu Cai ◽  
Jianli Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Source ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Alternative Energy Source ◽  
Ethiopian Mustard ◽  
The Impact

Energy and food source crop demand claims to be vulnerable to climate change impacts. The new and orphan crops, which in the past have received only limited research attention but are sustainable to environmental systems, are needed. In this review, we summarize the available literature about Ethiopian mustard as an alternative energy source and its sustainable economic importance as a new promising Brassicacea crop for new opportunities in the face of producing sustainable environment and energy development. Ethiopian mustard has many advantages and can be adopted to replace crops that are susceptible to adverse environmental conditions. Ethiopian mustard is becoming a new promising Brassicaceae crop with the current global energy demand increases. However, researchers have only focused on energy source production which has resulted in developing high erucic acid varieties. This results partly in limited studies on developing Ethiopian mustard edible oil varieties. The adoption and scaling-up of this promising crop as an oilseed crop in developing countries and Mediterranean conditions can sustain the impact of climate change with the demand for food and energy debate concepts. Indeed, further agronomic, quality and genomic studies on oilseed nutritional traits for efficient breeding and utilization are needed.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Biogas Production from Rice Husk by NaOH and Enzyme Pretreatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 02002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syafrudin ◽  
Winardi Dwi Nugraha ◽  
Shandy Sarima Agnesia ◽  
Hashfi Hawali Abdul Matin ◽  
Budiyono
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Preliminary Treatment ◽  
Enzyme Pretreatment ◽  
Naoh Pretreatment ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas ◽  
The Impact

Biogas is a renewable energy source that can be used as an alternative fuel to replace fossil fuel such as oil and natural gas. This research aims to analyze the impact of NaOH (Sodium hydroxide) and enzyme usage on the production of rice husk biogas using Solid State Anaerobic Digestion (SS-AD). Generally, SS-AD occurs at solid concentrations higher than 15%. The waste of rice husk are used as substrate with a C/N ratio of 25% and the total of solid that are used is 21%. Rice husk contains high lignin, therefore it is handled with chemical and biological treatment. The chemical preliminary treatment was using NaOH with various concentrations from 3%, 6% and 9% while the biological preliminary treatment was using enzyme with various concentration from 5%, 8%, and 11%. The biogas that is produced then measured every two days during 60 days of research with the biogas volume as a parameter observed. The result of the research shows that preliminary treatment with NaOH and enzyme can increase the production of biogas. The highest biogas production was obtained by the NaOH pretreatment using 6% NaOH which was 497 ml and by enzyme pretreatment using 11% enzyme which was 667,5 ml.

scholarly journals Characteristic Biofuel Microalgae Chlorella sp. as Renewable Energy Source

2020 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 00002
Author(s):  
Anggra Fiveriati ◽  
Yeddid Yonatan ◽  
Olga Anne ◽  
Praptiningsih Gamawati Adinurani
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Chlorella Sp ◽  
The World

World consumption of energy is estimated to increase by 49 % from 2007 to 2035, which means averagely 1.4 % yr–1. Many countries in the world began to develop alternative energy that can overcome the resources. Microalgae is one of the renewable energy that has excellent potential for making biodiesel because it contains much oil. Microalgae is the fastest organism in the photosynthesis, so it makes microalgae have high productivity. In this article, researchers use Chlorella sp. because these microalgae contain oil up to 28 % to 32 % from its dry weight, and on the other hand, this type of microalgae is easy to grow and easy to harvest. From the experimental results, the density characteristics of biodiesel Chlorella sp. have values from 0.84 g mL–1 to 0.848 g mL–1, and it is lower than the density of petroleum (diesel), and viscosity value from 2.5 cSt to 3.91 cSt, cetane numbers 51.17 to 53.72 also heating value 44.04 mJ kg–1 and Flashpoint 131 °C. The characteristic result shows that the Chlorella sp. microalgae biodiesel is still in SNI standard (Indonesia National Standard) so that the Chlorella sp. can be used as a substitute diesel fuel.

scholarly journals Thermal Degradation Conditions Effects on Selected Biomass Wastes and Characterization of Their Produced Biochar

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-59
Author(s):  
Taye Stephen Mogaji ◽  
Emmanuel O. Moses ◽  
Emmanuel Tolulope Idowu ◽  
Tien-Chien Jen
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Biomass Waste

Biochar has been proved to be effective in soil amelioration applications, carbon sequestration and also reduce GHG emissions which causes global warming. Biomass stands a greater chance of prevailing as a good source for the production of biochar, which in turn can be a solution for waste management. However, pyrolysis conditions for biochar production, together with feedstock characteristics largely control the physical and chemical properties of the yield biochar product. In this study, investigation on thermal degradation conditions effects on biochar production is carried out. Bio-char was produced using 35.3 litres fixed bed reactor from pyrolysis of Corn Cob (CC), Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) and Sugarcane Bagasse (SB) at temperatures ranging from 100°C to 500°C. The feedstock was also blended in ratio to each other and pyrolyzed to 250°C and 400°C. The analyzed results showed that higher pyrolysis temperatures resulted in lower bio-char mass recovery, higher ash contents, decreased fixed carbon and moisture content. Product characterization also showed that the produced biochar, independent of biomass waste type contained negligible amount of Sulphur (S) and Nitrogen which resulted in lower emission of SO2 and NO2 during the combustion process, this behaviour is observed to be more pronounced with the blended biochar samples investigated in this study as a result, the obtained bio-char product can be used directly for heating purposes. ANOVA test results for both volatile matter and Ash content of the produced biochar revealed that the P-value is greater than 0.01 independent of the biochar samples considered whereas for the fixed carbon of the same bio-char samples, P-value less than 0.01 is attained. These results show how control of biomass pyrolysis conditions can improve biochar chemical properties consequently biochar produced from biomass wastes could be a suitable candidate for alternative energy fuels in terms of quality and environment concern.

scholarly journals ECO-FRIENDLY TECHNOLOGIES AND ITS EFFECTS

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (9SE) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Pratibha Shrivastava
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Air Purification ◽  
Alternative Energy Source ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Alternative Resource

Eco-friendly technologies involved making use of alternative energy source which is abundant to generate renewable energy, reducing the amount of resource which is limited used through the conventional like fossil fuel.  For example renewable resources like sunlight, sea water and co2 which are abundant generating alternative resource like biofuel, solar energy, freshwater and air purification through greenhouse, vegetation and halophytes cultivation stabilize the degraded desert soil and as wind breaks reduce the impact of pollutants on the environment.

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