scholarly journals Theoretical Substantiation of the Angle of Mounting a Flat Ridge-Forming Disc of a Row Crop Cultivator

2021 ◽  
Vol 346 ◽  
pp. 03102
Author(s):  
Evgeny Zykin ◽  
Vladimir Kurdyumov ◽  
Svetlana Lazutkina
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Angle Of Attack ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Acute Angle ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Crop Cultivation ◽  
Theoretical Substantiation ◽  
Lower Base ◽  
Row Crop

The authors have developed a row-crop cultivator equipped with a ridge former, which allows performing high-quality operations of row crop cultivation in one pass. The inter row cultivation is carried out with a row-crop cultivator, on each section of which two ridge formers are mounted so that their flat discs are directed towards the row of plants at an acute angle, and the extreme edges of the wings of the V-shaped sweeps are located at the lower base of the soil ridge. When the row-crop cultivator moves, the V-shaped sweeps loosen the soil to the required depth and cut the weeds, and the flat discs move the soil layer coming off the wings of the V-shaped sweeps towards the rows of plants, hilling them and burying the weeds. In the presented article, the authors theoretically substantiate the angle of attack of a flat disc for burying weeds with a layer of soil of the required thickness. It was found that the angle of attack depends on the radius of the flat disc and the depth of its movement in the soil, the initial dimensions of the ridge and the physical and mechanical properties of the soil.

scholarly journals STUDY OF PHYSICAL-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CHEMICAL-THERMOMECHANICAL MASS FROM WOOD OF THE POPLING

2019 ◽  
pp. 305-310
Author(s):  
Ivan Nikolaevich Koverninskij
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermomechanical Pulp ◽  
Poplar Wood ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Base Paper ◽  
Pulp Paper ◽  
Corrugated Cardboard ◽  
Chinese Company

The article provides material on the study of chemical-thermomechanical pulp (CTMM) from poplar wood, produced by the Chinese company WeifangderuibioloDgical TECHNOLODGY CO., LTD. As a result of the research, it was established that CTMP of poplar wood has the ability to be easily milled with a significant increase (by 30–80%) of physical and mechanical properties. The interval of the possible degree of grinding, in which the mass can be used with the greatest efficiency, is recommended 30–50 °SR. CTMM in unbleached form is a high-quality primary semi-finished fibrous material that can be effectively used in combination with waste fiber for the production of corrugated paper and cardboard for flat layers of corrugated cardboard (test liner). Adding weight to the composition is appropriate in the range of 20–50%. CTMM in bleached form is a high-quality primary fiber for the production of base paper for various sanitary purposes. Compositions with bleached cellulose, in which cellulose should be added within 15–20%, will differ in high efficiency in imparting properties to paper. When using coniferous sapwood (pine, larch), a characteristic large-tonnage waste of Russian enterprises, an increase in the mechanical properties of the mass is expected by 20–30%. Such a mass will be a significant factor in the development of the production of containerboard, sanitary and hygienic, as well as other types of paper and cardboard. The CTMM technology offered by the Chinese company WeifangderuibioloDgical TECHNOLODGY CO., LTD is recommended for use by Russian timber merchants. In terms of its importance, the technology is capable of solving the tasks of developing the production of pulp, paper and cardboard, provided for in the Strategy for the Development of the Forest Complex of Russia until 2030.

scholarly journals The Permeability of Granite Weathering Soil in Tanjungpinang, Bintan Island, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Fery Erawan ◽  
Emi Sukiyah ◽  
Johanes Hutabarat ◽  
Adjat Sudradjat
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Flat Terrain ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Bintan Island is a part of Riau Islands Province. On this island, the capital city is Tanjungpinang. The compliance of public facilities such as landfill waste is a priority in this city. Landfill design that suitable in this area is a sanitary landfill system. The soil layer uses to cover the waste in this landfill system. The closure did gradually avoid the disruption of waste processing. The type of soil for its landfill cover has to be able to control the leachate. It controlled by the permeability of the soil. The methods used in this study are the analysis of the physical and mechanical properties of soil. Rock and soil samples are obtained systematically through trenching. Sampling-based on changes in physical properties of soil that reflect its mechanical properties. A probabilistic approach used to solve the problems and to get accurate results. The geomorphology of the study area divided into four units. They are very flat terrain, flat terrain, slightly steep hills, and steep hills. The sample used for the study is undisturbed soil. Analysis of the physical and mechanical properties of soil shows the types of soil, such as SW, GM, MH-OH, and CH. However, MH is the most dominant type of soil. Each of the soil types represents a certain degree of weathering. The degree of weathering in the study area varies from the III degree to VI degrees. Rocks are weathering form clay mineral, which compiles the soil. Clay mineral in the soil layer is varied from quartz, illite, kaolinite, gibbsite, goethite, and hematite—the impact of the swelling of clay. The swelling of clay in the study area ranged from low to high. The properties and composition of the soil are affected by the permeability value.

Lightweight Artificial Aggregate Based on Fly Ash for New Rehabilitation Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 688 ◽  
pp. 146-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Sokol ◽  
Rostislav Drochytka ◽  
Vit Cerný ◽  
Ester Helanová
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Social Pressure ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Lightweight Materials ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rehabilitation Work

During rehabilitation work are often strict requirements on the use of high quality lightweight materials, including aggregate. Due the constantly increasing social pressure on the optimal use of secondary raw materials is therefore most appropriate to exploit the potential of fly ash as mineral residue from the combustion of ground coal in power plants. Especially filter fly ash has proven to be an adequate substitute for traditional materials in the past. This article deals with the evaluation of physical and mechanical properties of cold-consolidated pellets based on conventional and fluidized fly ash with various cement addition.

scholarly journals Influence of Separating Fibrous Seed Mass to Fractions to Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 200-202
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Linear Density ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Modern Equipment ◽  
Quadratic Inequality

This article describes the fourth type of medium-fiber Hampor, currently widely used in the Surkhandarya region, the lengnth is about 160-170 mg, 171-180 mg, 181-190 mg, 191-200 mg, 201-205 mg, 206-210 mg was divided into fractions by mass of fibers, the LKM equipment was cleaned of fine and dirty particles in the laboratory of the ginnery, DL-10 was isolated from the fiber on the ginning equipment, and the physical and mechanical properties of the seeds, and 20.0 texts were made from the cotton fiber at the “Sherli” small-scale spinning device at the “Pakhtasanoat Research Center” AC. Physical and mechanical properties of the yarn, i.e. quadratic inequality of linear density, quadratic inequality by the number of twists, quadratic inequality in strength, durability, comparative shear strength, elongation at break, elongation in discontinuity was identified with the help of modern equipment and the spinning plant was able to split fibers into fractions for the production of high quality yarn, optimal versions were proposed.

Evaluation of High-Quality Dolomite Aggregate for Asphalt Wearing Course

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoras Vorobjovas ◽  
Ovidijus Šernas ◽  
Daiva Žilionienė ◽  
Lina Šneideraitienė ◽  
Vilius Filotenkovas
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Magmatic Rock ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Third ◽  
Foreign Countries

In Lithuania dolomite is the third most excavated by the amount mineral resource, which is mostly used in subbase layer and hot asphalt mixtures for asphalt binder and base courses. Although, for asphalt wearing layer are often used granite aggregates, but this magmatic rock is imported from foreign countries. In one of the quarries of JSC “Dolomitas” higher quality dolomite is produced, which has similar mechanical properties to granite. To determine changes in mechanical properties of the different type of aggregates while using in the road, high-quality dolomite and two types of granite were chosen for laboratory testing. In this study, for evaluation of physical and mechanical properties of aggregates by laboratory tests for determining resistance to freezing-thawing, resistance to fragmentation, and polished stone value were carried out. Also, according to the results of laboratory testing, high-quality dolomite aggregate showed equal performance comparing to granite aggregates.

scholarly journals Study On Parameters and Operating Modes of the Device for Deseeding Flax in the Field

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
V. G. Chernikov ◽  
R. A. Rostovtsev ◽  
S. V. Solov’ev
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Experimental Plant ◽  
Fiber Flax ◽  
Theoretical Substantiation ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Harvesting Process ◽  
Flax Seeds ◽  
The Cost

The authors showed that the main technological process in the combined and separate methods of fiber flax harvesting is deseeding or separating the seed part of the crop from the stems. It was confirmed that there is a direct impact of this process success on seed and straw losses, the fiber yield and quality, the heap composition, the labor intensity and energy consumption of flax drying and processing. (Research purpose) To develop a technology for stripping fiber flax with a comb deseeder during harvesting, to study the deseeder’s specifications and operating modes. (Materials and methods) The authors studied the technological process of stripping flax with a comb deseeder. An experimental plant of a comb deseeder was designed. A model of theoretical calculation was proposed based on the physical and mechanical properties of fiber flax and agrotechnical requirements for its harvesting. (Results and discussion) The authors theoretically determined the comb deseeder’s optimal height, operation kinematic mode, stripping cleanliness, the radius of the stripper drum. Laboratory studies were conducted. It was shown that threshing seeds in the field will reduce the loss of flax seeds by 10 per cent and the stem waste due to tangling during the harvesting process – by 18 per cent. It will also reduce the number of harvesting vehicles, personnel, and the cost of product. The authors identified an opportunity to increase productivity by increasing the width of the header grip: for example, the width of a grain harvester header is about 4 meters, and the width of a flax harvester header is 1.52 meters, that is, the productivity of flax harvesting will increase 2.6 times at the same speed, and 3 times at a higher speed. It was possible to eliminate one piece of equipment – a heap separating machine, since the technological operation of heap processing is carried out by a grain harvester. (Conclusions) The authors presented a theoretical substantiation of the comb deseeder’s operating parameters and modes for stripping fiber flax in the field. The authors proposed a model to determine them based on the physical and mechanical properties of flax and agrotechnical requirements for its harvesting.

EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS OF THE TEMPERATURE EFFECT OF CRYOLITHOZONE SOILS ON THEIR PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-207
Author(s):  
Sergey Rudov ◽  
Vladimir Shapiro ◽  
Igor Grigorev ◽  
O. Kunitskaya ◽  
Olga Grigoreva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Soil Mass ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Static Loads ◽  
Deformation Properties

Establishing the regularities of the temperature influence of frozen soils on their physical and mechanical properties makes it possible to make more accurate estimates of the parameters of the interaction process of forest machines and skidding systems with the soil mass when performing logging operations with predetermined static loads. An adequate assessment of the state of the edge part of frozen soil mass is the basis for the formation of initial conditions when calculating the parameters of the destruction of the stress-deformed frozen soil layer, the processes of its compaction and deformation under the influence of static loads arising from the operation of various forest machines and skidding systems. The article presents methodology, hardware and the results of data processing obtained in field experimental studies to determine the effect of frozen soil temperature on its strength and deformation properties. To reveal the regularities of the change in soil temperature in depth, as well as in order to take soil samples for testing the mechanical properties in depth, soil benches with an area of 1×1 m and a depth of up to 1.0 m were opened. Sections were investigated in three areas with a predominance of: permafrost pale brown soils with sandy loam soil base; humus-carbonate soils with a loamy base; cryozem gley soils with a clay base. Soil temperature was measured near the ledge surface with a HI 98501 Hanna soil electronic thermometer (Germany) with a resolution of 0.1°C and an error of ± 0.3°C. The temperature value was measured as the depth increased with the help of a penetrating thermometer probe in the control holes along the depth of the ledge with a step of 0.1 m

scholarly journals Analysis of research on soil destruction criteria during its interaction with working bodies

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 07003
Author(s):  
Vladimir I. Konovalov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Stress Theory ◽  
Functional Relationships ◽  
Working Surface ◽  
Soil Destruction ◽  
Working Bodies

Under the action of the working surface of the tillage unit, three mutually perpendicular stresses and corresponding deformations occur in the soil layer, which are characterized by different time functions. The finding of these functional relationships is the fundamental task of agricultural mechanics, with the help of which the process of soil crumbling with different physical and mechanical properties can be described in interaction with working bodies. The article presents an analysis of the results of studies of domestic and foreign scientists of the process of soil destruction in its interaction with working bodies. When considering the process of soil destruction from the point of view of stress theory, the Coulomb-Mohr theory of destruction is most often used. It is proposed to expand the consideration of the process of soil destruction by adding elements to the theory of strength that will describe the rate of change of the acting loads.

scholarly journals Changes of Indicators in Fiber and Cotton Seed Quality in Separating Cut Fractions on Cotton Fiber Mass

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1245-1248
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Cotton Seed ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Mass Fractionation ◽  
Fourth Type ◽  
Modal Mass

This article describes the fourth type of medium-fiber Hampor, currently widely used in the Surkhandarya region, the lengnth is about 160-170 mg, 171-180 mg, 181-190 mg, 191-200 mg, 201-205 mg, 206-210 mg was divided into fractions by mass of fibers, the LKM equipment was cleaned of fine and dirty particles in the laboratory of the ginnery, DL-10 was isolated from the fiber on the ginning equipment, and the physical and mechanical properties of the seeds, the strength of the breakage, the modal mass, the length of the staple mass, the average mass, the ripening, the length and the squared irregularity were determined by the equipment. The optimal option for fiberglass mass fractionation was proposed to obtain high quality products.

scholarly journals The Main Problems of Improvement of the Means of Individual and Collective Protection in Russia

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-38
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Skin Protection ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Processing Equipment ◽  
Optically Transparent ◽  
Chlorobutyl Rubber

The article is dedicated to the problems of further improvement of the Russian means of individual and collective protection and to the ways of their solution. Thus, in order to reduce the weight of the facial parts of advanced indigenous masks of respiratory protective equipment, as well as for the improvement of their appearance, it is necessary to procure from abroad or to master independently the technologies of the production of chlorobutyl rubber and volcanics. It is necessary also to acquire from abroad or to learn how to produce indigenously the special rubber processing equipment. The output of modern materials for the production of flexible facial parts, panoramic glasses and spectacles (masks) for respiratory protective equipment is impossible without the procurement from abroad or mastering independently the technologies of the synthesis of optically transparent polyurethane. The further improvement of catalysts and sorbents used in canisters for filter respirators is impossible without the development of technologies of the production of fine pored catalysts and sorbents on their basis, as well as without the recovery of indigenous base for the production of sorbents and active charcoals. The output of modern filtrating materials depends completely on the development of technologies and the equipment for the production of special laminated board and other technologies of the production of multilayered filtering materials. The development of advanced means of skin protection requires the mastering by the Russian manufacturers of technologies of obtaining of microporous, air-ermeable carbon-filled material of high quality and with reinforced physical and mechanical properties. In order to produce the lightweight isolating means of skin protection is it necessary to master technologies of the production of multilayered and armor-clad membranes with high protective and physical and mechanical properties. The problems of the development and the production of the materials for the means of collective protection are the same as for the personal respiratory protective equipment.

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