Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in sheep in Inner Mongolia Province, China

Toxoplasma gondii is an important zoonotic parasite that can infect almost all warm-blooded animals, including humans, and infection may result in many adverse effects on animal husbandry production. Animal husbandry in Inner Mongolia is well developed, but data on T. gondii infection in sheep are lacking. In this study, we determined the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with the seroprevalence of T. gondii using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. A total of 1853 serum samples were collected from 29 counties of Xilin Gol League (n = 624), Hohhot City (n = 225), Ordos City (n = 158), Wulanchabu City (n = 144), Bayan Nur City (n = 114) and Hulunbeir City (n = 588). The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii was 15.43%. Risk factor analysis showed that seroprevalence was higher in sheep ≥12 months of age (21.85%) than that in sheep <12 months of age (10.20%) (p < 0.01). Seroprevalence was higher in male sheep (18.76%) than females (12.80%) (p < 0.01). Barn-feeding sheep (23.13%) had higher prevalence than grazing sheep (10.94%) (p < 0.01). The seroprevalence was significantly different in different districts (p < 0.01). This study shows that sheep are exposed to T. gondii in Inner Mongolia, and provides a data reference for public health and disease control.

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Serological Studied On Toxoplasma Gondii Infection in Sheep and Goats in Ismailia Province

Archives of Infectious Diseases & Therapy ◽

10.33140/aidt/02/02/00004 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Blood Serum ◽

Elisa Test ◽

Agglutination Test ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Reference Test ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Sheep And Goats ◽

Modified Agglutination Test ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

Blood serum samples from 100 sheep and 100 goats were collected and examined for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Modified Agglutination Test. The seroprevalences of Toxoplasma gondii in sheep were 34% and 33% and in goats were 32%, 31% by ELISA and MAT respectively. The prevalence in the females of sheep and goats were higher than males. The seroprevalences were higher in adult animals than young in both sheep and goats. Using the MAT as a reference test, the sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA Test were 100% and 98.5% respectively

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Potential linkage between Toxoplasma gondii Infection and physical education scores of College Students

10.1101/2020.10.20.346817 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zhijin Sheng ◽

Yu Jin ◽

Yinan Du ◽

Xinlei Yan ◽

Yong Yao

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Physical Education ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Protozoan Parasite ◽

Anhui Province ◽

Behavioral Changes ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serum Samples ◽

School Students ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

ABSTRACTObjectiveToxoplasma gondii is a worldwide protozoan parasite that could infect virtually all warm-blooded animals, including humans. Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence of T. gondii infection in college students at Anhui province, China. Moreover, growing studies demonstrated the association between T. gondii infection and host behavioral changes. We also studied the linkage between T. gondii and scores of college students.Methods2704 serum samples of medical school students attending physical education lessons were collected from September 2017 to September 2019 and evaluated for T. gondii IgG antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We also analysed PE scores of T. gondii infected students and T. gondii uninfected students.ResultsThe overall seroprevalence of T. gondii was 11.5%. The main risk factors related to T. gondii infections were cat in the household and gardening or agriculture activity. Furthermore, in basketball group and football group, scores of T. gondii seropositive students were significantly higher than that of seronegative students, while in other sports there is no difference between scores of T. gondii infected students and T. gondii uninfected students.ConclusionThis is the first report of T. gondii seroprevalence in college students in Anhui province, China.

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Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in patients with liver disease in eastern China

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268817001327 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 145 (11) ◽

pp. 2296-2302 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

A. L. TIAN ◽

G. X. LI ◽

H. M. ELSHEIKHA ◽

D. S. GARDNER ◽

X. Y. ZHANG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Eastern China ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Protozoan Parasite ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Igm Antibodies ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

SUMMARYThe role of the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii in the pathogenesis of liver disease has recently gained much interest. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with T. gondii infection in patients with liver disease from three cities in Shandong and Henan provinces, China. A case–control study was conducted from December 2014 to November 2015 and included 1142 patients with liver disease and 1142 healthy controls. Serum samples were collected from all individuals and were examined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the presence of anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies. Information on the demographics, clinical, and lifestyle characteristics of the participants was collected from the medical records and by the use of a questionnaire. The prevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG was 19·7% in patients with liver disease compared with 12·17% in the controls. Only 13 patients had anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies compared with 12 control individuals (1·14% vs. 1·05%, respectively). The highest seroprevalence was detected in patients with liver cancer (22·13%), followed by hepatitis patients (20·86%), liver cirrhosis patients (20·42%), and steatosis patients (20%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that consumption of raw meat (odds ratio (OR) = 1·32; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·01–1·71; P = 0·03) and source of drinking water from wells (OR = 1·56; 95% CI 1·08–2·27; P = 0·01) were independent risk factors for T. gondii infection in liver disease patients. These findings indicate that T. gondii infection is more likely to be present in patients with liver disease. Therefore, efforts should be directed toward health education of populations at high risk of T. gondii infection and measures should be taken to protect vulnerable patients with liver disease.

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Use of MAG1 Recombinant Antigen for Diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Humans

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology ◽

10.1128/cvi.00419-06 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 220-225 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Lucyna Holec ◽

Elżbieta Hiszczyńska-Sawicka ◽

Artur Gąsior ◽

Anna Brillowska-Dąbrowska ◽

Józef Kur

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Diagnostic Tests ◽

Expression System ◽

Recombinant Antigen ◽

Acute Stage ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Acute Toxoplasmosis ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽

Potential Use

ABSTRACT This paper describes the cloning, purification, and serological applications of matrix antigen MAG1 of Toxoplasma gondii. The expression system used allows the production of a large amount of T. gondii recombinant protein, which was assessed for its potential use in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of T. gondii infection in humans. Serum samples from 117 patients with different stages of infection, along with 10 serum samples from seronegative patients obtained for routine diagnostic tests, were used. The results were compared with those of an ELISA that uses a native T. gondii antigen extract. The MAG1 antigen detected antibodies more frequently from the acute stage (97.3%) than from the chronic stage (7.5%) of toxoplasmosis. Hence, this antigen may be used as a tool for detection of T. gondii immunoglobulin G antibodies in persons with acute toxoplasmosis.

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Potential linkage between Toxoplasma gondii infection and physical education scores of college students

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0241653 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. e0241653

Author(s):

Jun Cai ◽

Zhijin Sheng ◽

Yu Jin ◽

Yinan Du ◽

Xinlei Yan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

College Students ◽

Physical Education ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Protozoan Parasite ◽

Anhui Province ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serum Samples ◽

School Students ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

Objective Toxoplasma gondii is a worldwide protozoan parasite that could infect virtually all warm-blooded animals, including humans. Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence of T. gondii infection in college students at Anhui province, China and to assess risk factors for T. gondii infection in college students. Moreover, growing studies demonstrated the association between T. gondii infection and host behavioral changes. We also studied the linkage between T. gondii and physical education (PE) scores of college students. Methods A total of 2704 serum samples of medical school students attending physical education lessons were collected from September 2017 to September 2019 and evaluated for T. gondii IgG antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Questionnaires and statistical analysis were used to determine the risk factors for T. gondii infection. We also analysed PE scores of T. gondii -infected students and T. gondii-uninfected students. Results The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii was 11.5%. The main risk factors related to T. gondii infection in college students were cat in the household and gardening or agriculture activity. Furthermore, in the basketball group and the soccer group, scores of T. gondii seropositive students were significantly higher than those of seronegative students, while in other sports there was no difference between scores of T. gondii-infected students and T. gondii uninfected students. Conclusion This is the first report of T. gondii seroprevalence in college students in Anhui province, China.

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Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among indian people living in Iauareté, São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas, Brazil

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46652008000100004 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 17-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Márcio Neves Bóia ◽

Filipe Anibal Carvalho-Costa ◽

Fernando Campos Sodré ◽

Gloria Maria Trindade Pinto ◽

Maria Regina Reis Amendoeira

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Age Groups ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Indian People ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

The goal of this survey was to estimate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Iauareté, a multiethnic Indian community in the upper Rio Negro basin. We carried out a cross-sectional survey (n = 260), in order to obtain serum samples and demographic data. The sample was randomly selected, by family conglomerate analysis. Serodiagnosis was performed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect immunofluorescence. Prevalence of reactivity was 73.5% (191/260), being higher in the older-age groups, reaching 95.7% (44/46) in the group aged 50 years or more. The majority of seropositive subjects had titers equal to or less than 1:64. Seroprevalence was greater in Indians belonging to the Hupda ethnic group (p = 0.03). According to the present survey, Indian people living in Iauareté have a high prevalence of antibodies to T. gondii. Demographic concentration and urbanization within low sanitation and poor hygiene backgrounds, as well as unfiltered water consumption, may be related to the high frequency of T. gondii seroprevalence observed in the studied area.

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Toxoplasma gondii infections in pigs from south Benin and assessment of breeders’ knowledge about toxoplasmosis

BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE ◽

10.15547/bjvm.2193 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 248-256

Author(s):

A. B. N. Tonouhewa ◽

Y. Akpo ◽

P. Sessou ◽

C. Salanon ◽

G. L. Aplogan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Indirect Method ◽

Apicomplexan Parasite ◽

Parasite Transmission ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Zoonotic Parasite ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽

Pig Serum

Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous apicomplexan parasite that causes toxoplasmosis, a cosmopolitan zoonosis responsible for abortion and congenital malformation in animals and humans. Pigs can be a reservoir for T. gondii and act as one of the sources for parasite transmission to humans. Currently, there are no data about T. gondii infection in any animal in Benin. After the report of several cases of abortions and reproductive problems in pigs in several livestock farms in the southern region of Benin, this study was carried out to investigate the occurrence of this zoonotic parasite in pigs. A total of 184 pig serum samples have been collected in two municipalities and sent to the laboratory for the detection of anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies by ELISA indirect method. The results showed the presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG in 23% (IC95 = 22.56–23.44) of pigs (42/184). Age, sex, and race did not seem to affect the frequency of this infection. Moreover, reproductive failure has been reported on many farms. These were cases of stillbirths in 40% of farms followed by neonatal mortality (36%) and abortion cases which were frequently observed in 27% of farms. T. gondii is present in pigs from south Benin and could be responsible for reported abortions in the areas. In addition, the raw and undercook meat of pigs could be important source of Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans from south Benin

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Toxoplasma gondii Tetravalent Chimeric Proteins as Novel Antigens for Detection of Specific Immunoglobulin G in Sera of Small Ruminants

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani9121146 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1146 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lucyna Holec-Gąsior ◽

Bartłomiej Ferra ◽

Weronika Grąźlewska

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Small Ruminants ◽

Chimeric Protein ◽

High Specificity ◽

Elisa Test ◽

Dense Granule ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Chimeric Proteins ◽

Apical Membrane Antigen 1 ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

The detection of Toxoplasma gondii infection in small ruminants has important significance for public health and veterinary medicine. This study, for the first time, describes the reactivity of four tetravalent chimeric proteins (AMA1N-SAG2-GRA1-ROP1, AMA1C-SAG2-GRA1-ROP1, AMA1-SAG2-GRA1-ROP1, and SAG2-GRA1-ROP1-GRA2) containing immunodominant regions from the AMA1 (apical membrane antigen 1), SAG2 (surface antigen 2), GRA1 (dense granule antigen 1), GRA2 (dense granule antigen 2), and ROP1 (rhoptry antigen 1) with specific IgG antibodies from the sera of small ruminants with the use of an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The reactivity of individual chimeric antigens was analyzed in relation to the results obtained in IgG ELISA based on a Toxoplasma lysate antigen (TLA). All chimeric proteins were characterized by high specificity (between 96.39% to 100%), whereas the sensitivity of the IgG ELISAs was variable (between 78.49% and 96.77%). The highest sensitivity was observed in the IgG ELISA test based on the AMA1-SAG2-GRA1-ROP1. These data demonstrate that this chimeric protein can be a promising serodiagnostic tool for T. gondii infection in small ruminants.

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Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in yaks (Bos grunniens) on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau of China

Parasite ◽

10.1051/parasite/2021043 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Tao Sun ◽

Sajid Ur Rahman ◽

Jinzhong Cai ◽

Jiangyong Zeng ◽

Rongsheng Mi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Bos Grunniens ◽

Tibet Autonomous Region ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

The Tibet Autonomous Region

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite that is extensively prevalent globally. Studies have indicated the presence of T. gondii infection in animals in some provinces of China, but little is known about T. gondii infection in yaks (Bos grunniens) on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau. In the current study, to determine the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of T. gondii, a total of 2784 serum samples were collected from 18 different sampling sites in eight counties of the Qinghai and Tibet regions of China from 2018 to 2019. Serum antibodies against T. gondii were detected in 261 yaks (9.38%) via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found that seroprevalence differed significantly among different counties (ranging from 5.41% in Gangcha to 19.79% in Datong), by year in the Tibet Autonomous Region (from 2.34% in 2018 to 13.24% in 2019), and by age (from 5.59% in 0 < year ≤ 1 to 11.76% in year > 7) (p < 0.05). Climate, geographical conditions, and age are the main factors influencing T. gondii infection in yaks in these regions. Therefore, our study provides a data reference for public health and prevention of yak toxoplasmosis.

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Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and associated risk factors in domestic pigs raised from Cuba

Parasitology Research ◽

10.1007/s00436-021-07245-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Julio César Castillo-Cuenca ◽

Álvaro Martínez-Moreno ◽

José Manuel Diaz-Cao ◽

Angel Entrena-García ◽

Jorge Fraga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Meat Products ◽

Control Measures ◽

Health Concern ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Weaning Pigs ◽

Associated Risk Factors

AbstractA cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and associated risk factors in pigs in the largest pork-producing region in Cuba. Serum samples from 420 pigs, including 210 sows and 210 post-weaning pigs, were tested for antibodies against T. gondii using a commercial indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Anti-T. gondii antibodies were detected in 56 animals (13.3%, 95% CI: 10.1–16.6). A generalized estimating equations model revealed that the risk factors associated with higher seropositivity in pigs were altitude (higher in farm’s location < 250 m above sea level (masl) versus ≥ 250 masl) and age (higher in sows compared to post-weaning pigs). The results indicated that this protozoan parasite is widely distributed on pig farms in the study area, which is a public health concern since the consumption of raw or undercooked pork meat products containing tissue cysts is considered one of the main routes of T. gondii transmission worldwide. Control measures should be implemented to reduce the risk of exposure to T. gondii in pigs in Cuba.

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