scholarly journals Prediction for driving behaviour in connection with socio – demographic characteristics and individual value system

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 03009
Author(s):  
K.J. Lazdins ◽  
K. Martinsone
Keyword(s):  
Driving Behavior ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Distracted Driving ◽  
Value System ◽  
Driving Behaviour ◽  
System Integrity ◽  
Dangerous Driving ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Value

The aim of research „prediction for driving behaviour in connection with socio – demographic characteristics and individual value system” was to examine characteristics of individual value system prediction for driving behavior. It raised fundamental question for the research: 1. which of the individual value system characteristics predict driving behavior controlling gender and age. In the study 108 respondentsparticipated, 40 (37.0%) men and 68 (63.0%) women who filled the questionnaire on the Internet. Two questionnaires were used – „Latvian driving behavior survey” [1], the value and levels of availability relations in different spheres of life” [2, 3]. The results showed that the value system integrity / disintegrity indicator predicts distracted driving, explains 18% of variation and is statistically significantly. Internal vacuum and age statistically significantly negatively predicts risky driving explaining 17% of variation. Age statistically significantly predicts safe and courteous driving, explains 12% of variation. Value system integrity / disintegrity indicator and gender, statistically significantly negatively predicts summary indicator of dangerous driving explain 22% of variation. Age statistically significantly negatively predicts distracted driving, explains 30% of variation. The results can serve as the basis to create new driving behavior interventions and also applicable to psychologist's professional work, when counseling individuals of this group, as well as can be used in the future development of the field, science and research.

scholarly journals INDIVIDUAL VALUE SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS AND DRIVING BEHAVIOR RELATIONSHIPS

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 570
Author(s):  
Krists Jānis Lazdiņš ◽  
Kristīne Mārtinsone
Keyword(s):  
Driving Behavior ◽  
Distracted Driving ◽  
Value System ◽  
System Integrity ◽  
Dangerous Driving ◽  
The Future ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Value ◽  
System Characteristics

The aim of research was to examine characteristics of individual value system prediction for driving behavior. It raised fundamental question for the research: 1. which of the individual value system characteristics predict driving behavior controlling gender and age. In the study participated 108 respondents, 40 (37.0%) men and 68 (63.0%) women who filled the questionnaire on the internet. There was used two questionnaires – „Latvian driving behavior survey”, The value and levels of availability relations in different spheres of life” The results showed that the value system integrity / disintegrity indicator predicts distracted driving, explains 18% of variation and is statistically significantly. Internal vacuum and age statistically significantly negatively predicts risky driving explaining 17% of variation. Age statistically significantly predicts safe and courteous driving, explains 12% of variation. Value system integrity / disintegrity indicator and gender, statistically significantly negatively predicts summary indicator of dangerous driving, explains 22% of variation. Age statistically significantly negatively predicts distracted driving, explains 30% of variation. Limitations of the research are related to the size of the sample, alignment of participants and use of new instruments, as well as data collection method. If the study would be repeated in the future, it would be desirable to increase the sample size and use approbated instrument. It would be interesting to find out how the value of individual factors predicts objective size of accidents and violations caused by driving. The results can serve as the basis to create new driving behavior interventions and also applicable to psychologist's professional work, when counseling individuals of this group, as well as can be used in the future development of the field, science and research.

scholarly journals A Data Augmentation Approach to Distracted Driving Detection

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
ZhongCheng Wu ◽  
Fang Li ◽  
Jun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Data Augmentation ◽  
Driving Behavior ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Distracted Driving ◽  
Detection Model ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
Actual Application ◽  
Original Dataset ◽  
Dangerous Driving ◽  
Activation Mapping

Distracted driving behavior has become a leading cause of vehicle crashes. This paper proposes a data augmentation method for distracted driving detection based on the driving operation area. First, the class activation mapping method is used to show the key feature areas of driving behavior analysis, and then the driving operation areas are detected by the faster R-CNN detection model for data augmentation. Finally, the convolutional neural network classification mode is implemented and evaluated to detect the original dataset and the driving operation area dataset. The classification result achieves a 96.97% accuracy using the distracted driving dataset. The results show the necessity of driving operation area extraction in the preprocessing stage, which can effectively remove the redundant information in the images to get a higher classification accuracy rate. The method of this research can be used to detect drivers in actual application scenarios to identify dangerous driving behaviors, which helps to give early warning of unsafe driving behaviors and avoid accidents.

scholarly journals Dimensions of Cultural Values

Ekonomika ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Šalčiuvienė
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Attitude Change ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Level Structure ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cultural Impact ◽  
Value System ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Value

Marketers have long acknowledged the importance of attitudes and attitude change in the study of marketing and market research, but the role of values has received relatively little attention. In this paper secondary data is used to present the ethnic and social cultural impact on cultural values.A three-level structure of the individual value system, which is derived from ethnic peculiarity, level of adaptability to the former or new created social and economic environment, and one’s owns decisions, is applied.The identification of Lithuanian cultural values and explanation of derived hypotheses are based on information received using O-sort scaling and survey methods.

scholarly journals Religion and Gender across Europe

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mălina Voicu
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
The Social ◽  
European Values Survey ◽  
European Values ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Value ◽  
Social Importance

European societies have experienced a decrease in the social importance of religious issues. Values and attitudes towards gender roles have also changed in the last decades. In European countries, people have become more egalitarian with respect to the position of women in society. The author tries to identify the relationship between secularization and changes in gender values. As a result of secularization, the individual value system has become fragmented and religious values have lost their coordinating role. The investigation employs cross-national and longitudinal analysis of European Values Survey data (1990, 1999), most of the European countries being included in the study. The results indicate the decreasing impact of traditional religious belief on values related to gender roles during the 1990s in Europe and a common pattern of relationships between gender values and religiosity in most European societies.

Research on risky driving behavior evaluation model based on CIDAS real data

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702098597
Author(s):  
Lin Hu ◽  
Xingqian Bao ◽  
Miao Lin ◽  
Chao Yu ◽  
Fang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Driving Behavior ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Dangerous Driving ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Evaluation System

This paper constructs an evaluation system that reflects dangerous driving behavior. The evaluation system has a three-layer structure model of “Evaluation Index-Performance Mode-Driving behavior score.” Verification of the feasibility of the model based on the relationship between the driver and the cause of the accident based on behavioral characteristics. First, the driving return survey data and accident form information of the real traffic accident cases of China In-Depth Accident Study (CIDAS) database are counted, and the character variables are converted into digital variables. Then, a three-tier structure of the dangerous driving behavior evaluation system is built, and the correlation between the driver and the cause of the accident is conducted to verify the feasibility of the model. The research shows that the individual characteristics of drivers with dangerous driving behavior are closely related to the cause of accidents, and the evaluation system constructed in this paper can quantify and describe this relationship effectively.

scholarly journals The Internet-aphorisms as simulacrum and a precedent genre

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-117
Author(s):  
O. M. Mashkina
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Linguistic Context ◽  
Value System ◽  
Virtual Communication ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Modern Media ◽  
Philosophical System ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Value

Internet aphorisms are considered as unique phenomena of virtual communication. The definition of the Internet aphorism, which is understood as a kind of small-format text that is characteristic of modern media. It is focused on the distinction between aphorisms and online aphorisms. It is specified that the distinctive features of the Internet aphorism are due to their interrelation with the cultural and value spheres of a man, and, as a consequence, its national marking, speed and quantity of its appearance, which indicates both the temporary nature of this genre form and the dynamic of its life cycle.It is commented on the question of the authorship of these entities, which is in opposition to author specified – author unknown. It has been found that aphorism on the Internet is created without a linguistic context, but always functions as part of cultural, social and individual contexts. Internet aphorism, which is created, perceived and widespread by people, reflects their views and mentality, and can be regarded as an expression of that part of the philosophical system that is always bound to the individual value system of man. The Internet aphorism is a polycodic or creolised text that distinguishes it significantly from the aphorism genre. It is also suggested to consider the Internet aphorism as a simulacrum and a precedent genre. Internet aphorism as a precedent genre correlates with an aphorism in form, but its content lacks intellectual depth. At the same time, it is a simulacrum because it is built on the asymmetry between the expression plane and the content plane. In addition, the Internet aphorisms are differentiated according to its gender specificity.As a conclusion, it is stated that the Internet aphorisms are a new independent phenomenon of virtual communication with their unique characteristics and inter-genre specificity of simulacrum and precedent text.

Referral Patterns for Youths Identified at Risk for Suicide by Trained Gatekeepers

Crisis ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Rodi ◽  
Lucas Godoy Garraza ◽  
Christine Walrath ◽  
Robert L. Stephens ◽  
D. Susanne Condron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Service Access ◽  
Referral Patterns ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Lee Smith ◽  
Prevention Behavior ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
And Gender ◽  
To Receive

Background: In order to better understand the posttraining suicide prevention behavior of gatekeeper trainees, the present article examines the referral and service receipt patterns among gatekeeper-identified youths. Methods: Data for this study were drawn from 26 Garrett Lee Smith grantees funded between October 2005 and October 2009 who submitted data about the number, characteristics, and service access of identified youths. Results: The demographic characteristics of identified youths are not related to referral type or receipt. Furthermore, referral setting does not seem to be predictive of the type of referral. Demographic as well as other (nonrisk) characteristics of the youths are not key variables in determining identification or service receipt. Limitations: These data are not necessarily representative of all youths identified by gatekeepers represented in the dataset. The prevalence of risk among all members of the communities from which these data are drawn is unknown. Furthermore, these data likely disproportionately represent gatekeepers associated with systems that effectively track gatekeepers and youths. Conclusions: Gatekeepers appear to be identifying youth across settings, and those youths are being referred for services without regard for race and gender or the settings in which they are identified. Furthermore, youths that may be at highest risk may be more likely to receive those services.

Impact of the divorce experience on the marital and family mindsets

2018 ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Елена Лактюхина ◽  
Elena Laktyukhina ◽  
Георгий Антонов ◽  
Georgy Antonov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Representative Sampling ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
The Social ◽  
Marriage Stability ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Individual

The article presents a comparative analysis of marital and family mindsets of two categories of the demographically active population of modern Russia: (1) individuals that have no experience of a divorce and (2) those who have already experienced one or more official termination of a marriage. The empirical base of the analysis is the data of the author’s questionnaire survey conducted by representative sampling in Volgograd and Volgograd Region in 2015–2016. The analysis was made on the following basic empiric indicators: optimal (from the viewpoint of the respondents) age for the first marriage, frequency of mentioning marital and family statuses as the respondents describe their own social and demographic “portrait”, legitimate causes of a divorce and a number of others. It is found that, in the case of sufficiently strong traditional marital and family mindsets, perception of marital norms is adjusted, if an “abnormal” event (such as a divorce) occurs in the individual’s life course. At the same time, perception of the marriage stability is less variable and does not depend on the social and demographic characteristics of the respondents, including the presence/absence of a marriage termination experience. The “strongest” factor that affects the change of the marital and family mindsets is age. With age (and, consequently, experience accumulation), importance of the majority of main factors capable of preventing the individual from a divorce decreases and, therefore, the risk of such event increases.

scholarly journals Use of multilevel modeling to examine variability of distracted driving behavior in naturalistic driving studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 105986
Author(s):  
Sara A. Freed ◽  
Lesley A. Ross ◽  
Alyssa A. Gamaldo ◽  
Despina Stavrinos
Keyword(s):  
Multilevel Modeling ◽  
Driving Behavior ◽  
Distracted Driving ◽  
Naturalistic Driving
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