Special article: Benchmarking in pediatric infection control: Results from the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) system and the pediatric prevention network

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-265
Author(s):  
Annette H. Sohn ◽  
William R. Jarvis
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Pediatric Infection

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitude towards infection control among supporting staffs of Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
M Lopchan ◽  
G Gurung ◽  
L Rajbanshi ◽  
C Osti ◽  
A Baniya
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Regular Training

Nosocomial infections (NIs) are one of the most important health issues, particularly in developing countries, because these infections cause high mortality and morbidity, and economic and human resource loss as a consequence Nosocomial infections can be defined as those occurring within 48 hours of hospital admission, 3 days of discharge or 30 days of an operation. Many studies have examined risk factors of nosocomial infections. However, knowledge of frontline workers (attendants) in infection prevention have been reported rarely in developing countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge of attendants working in different wards and OPDs about infection prevention. S: Data were collected from 100 attendants in Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital. Regarding the knowledge on hand washing, gloving and personal accessories for Infection Prevention, majority of the respondents had good knowledge ranging from 94-100%. Though hospital has established Infection Prevention Committee and regular training on infection prevention is provided to all the staffs, the data indicated that only 68% respondents were benefitted by the infection prevention training and proper use of virex solution to disinfect the equipment’s was found unsatisfactory. Infection control is the responsibility of all Health Care Facility (HCF) personnel. The goal of the infection control policies are to identify and reduce risks of acquiring and transmitting infections among patients, staff, students, volunteers, contract service workers, and visitors Although significant effort has been made to reduce the Nosocomial infections, regular training as well as monitoring supervision will enhance the capacity of the health care providers and front line workers for cleaning services they are our valued respondents.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v6i1.55069

Surveillance for Nosocomial and Central Line-Related Infections Among Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Patients

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 592-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Simon ◽  
Gudrun Fleischhack ◽  
Carola Hasan ◽  
Udo Bode ◽  
Steffen Engelhart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Severe Neutropenia ◽  
Prospective Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Period ◽  
Oncology Patients ◽  
Pediatric Hematology ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractObjective:To determine the incidence of all nosocomial infections (NIs) in pediatric hematology-oncology patients, as well as central venous access device (CVAD)-associated infections acquired during home care.Design:Prospective surveillance study.Setting:The Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Department at the University Hospital Bonn.Patients:All patients admitted from January through October 1998 (surveillance period).Methods:Standardized surveillance system based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System.Results:A total of 143 patients were hospitalized for 3,701 days (776 admissions) during the surveillance period. Of the 40 NIs detected, 26 were CVAD-related, with 21 bloodstream infections (BSIs) and 5 local infections. Four were Clostridium difficile-associated diarrheal illnesses, 3 were pneumonias, and 7 were other infections. The incidence of NIs was 10.8 per 1,000 patient-days (5.2 NIs/100 admissions). The overall CVAD-related BSI rate was 7.4 per 1,000 utilization days, without a significant difference between implanted infusion ports and tunneled catheters. In addition, 7 CVAD-related infections occurred during home care. All 8 BSIs associated with tunneled catheters and 13 (76%) of the 17 BSIs associated with ports were acquired nosocomially. For inpatients and outpatients combined, the exit sites of tunneled catheters were more likely to become locally infected than were the needle entry sites of ports (relative risk, 8.0; P=.007). In 30 (75%) of the 40 NIs, the affected patients had severe neutropenia (<500/mm3) at the time of infection.Conclusions:Most NIs in the pediatric hematology-oncology patients were associated with CVAD devices. Although many infections in this high-risk population may not be preventable through infection control measures, the careful evaluation of specific infection rates permits the identification of risk factors that may be targeted by infection control programs. Prospective surveillance for NIs on pediatric oncology units is an indispensable tool for this internal quality control.

scholarly journals Nurses’ Self-report on the Infection Control Unit Activities and their Experience in the Hospital toward Nosocomial Infections in the Sulaimani Hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-177
Author(s):  
Ramand Haji ◽  
◽  
Dana Abdilkarim ◽  
Salar Ali ◽  
Srwa Mohammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Spss Software

Background and objectives: Nurses can prevent the occurrence and transmission of noso-comial infections by following infection control measures such as wearing gloves and masks, using appropriate disinfection of skin and preventing accidental needle-stick inju-ries. This research aimed to evaluate the availability of hospital uniforms, personal protec-tive equipment, and infection control activities at hospitals in Sulaimani in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, and to examine nurses’ experience of nosocomial infections. Methods and materials: A cross-sectional study was performed at 10 governmental hospi-tals during the period from 20th February to 28th September 2018. 525 nurses were se-lected as participants by a convenience sampling method. A self-administrated question-naire was used to collect data, which were analysed using SPSS software. Results: The results showed that 268 nurses (51%) reported that their hospitals provided sufficient uniforms to all the medical staff and the majority of nurses, 444 respondents (84.6%) stated that they were responsible for cleaning their working uniforms. 441 nurses reported that they did not acquire a nosocomial infection, and 479 (91.2%) did not have an accident during their work in the hospital. 79.9% of the nurses (404) reported recapping syringe needles after the usage, and 98 (18.7%) gave a low rating to the infection control unit activity in their hospitals. Finally, more than half of nurses (330) representing 62.9% of the sample were vaccinated against nosocomial infections. Conclusions: Most of Sulaimani governmental hospitals are providing sufficient uniforms for the health staff, the majority of nurses were vaccinated against one or more nosocomi-al infections, and the majority of nurses do needle syringe recapping.

CDC Guidelines on Infection Control

1982 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 187-187 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
The United States ◽  
Full Explanation ◽  
Cdc Guidelines ◽  
Categorization Scheme ◽  
And Control ◽  
Do So

In the last year, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) published a loose-leaf manual, Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Nosocomial Infections. One copy of the manual was sent to each hospital in the United States. Persons wanting additional copies were instructed to order them through the National Technical Information Service. In addition, the text of the manual was published in the March/April 1981, issue of INFECTION CONTROL.The manual contained the first of several guidelines that CDC is to publish for prevention of nosocomial infections. CDC is not presently prepared to distribute these guidelines to all U.S. hospitals, but expects to be able to do so within the next 12 months.A categorization scheme has been used to rank each of the recommendations in the guidelines. A full explanation of the scheme is in the manual and in the March/April 1981, issue of this journal.

Infection Control and Hospital Hygiene in Belgium

1989 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 170-174
Author(s):  
Gerald Reybrouck ◽  
Raf Mertens
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Hospital Hygiene ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Member States ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Western European ◽  
Set Up

In 1972 the Council of Europe, in which most of the Western European countries are represented, adopted a resolution aimed at the improvement of hospital hygiene and the promotion of the prevention of nosocomial infections. The member states were invited to take the required measures, but each country was free to implement the resolution according to its own needs and particularities. In Belgium, the first legal regulations were issued in 1974—every hospital was obliged to set up a committee for hospital hygiene.Although similar regulations were issued in most other member states. the actual infection control policies adopted can vary. This article highlights some of the particularities for Belgium.

Evaluation of a New Method of Detection of Nosocomial Infection in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: The Infection Control Sentinel Sheet System

1989 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 515-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.L. Ford-Jones ◽  
C.M. Mindorff ◽  
E. Pollock ◽  
R. Milner ◽  
D. Bohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Full Time

AbstractTo improve the efficiency of nosocomial infection detection, a highly structured system combining initial reporting by the bedside night nurse of symptoms possibly related to infection with follow-up by the infection control nurse (ICN) was developed: The Infection Control Sentinel Sheet System (ICSSS).Between July 1, 1987 and February 28, 1988, a prospective comparison of results obtained through ICSSS and daily bedside observation/chart review by a full-time trained intensivist was undertaken in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Ratios of nosocomial infections and nosocomially-infected patients were 15.8 and 7.0 respectively among 685 admissions; included are seven infections identified only through the ICSSS so that the “gold standard” became an amalgamation of the two systems. The sensitivity for detection of nosocomially-infected patients by bedside observation/chart review and ICSSS was 100% and 87% respectively. The sensitivity for detection of standard infections (blood, wound and urine) was 88% and 85% respectively. The sensitivity for detection of nosocomial infections at all sites was 94% and 72% respectively. Missed infections were minor (e.g., drain, skin, eye), required physician diagnosis (e.g., pneumonia), were not requested on the sentinel sheet (SS) (e.g., otitis media), related to follow-up of deceased patients or were minor misclassifications or failures to associate with device (e.g., central-line related). Daily PICU surveillance by the ICN required only 20 minutes a day. The ICSSS appears highly promising and has many unmeasured benefits.

How to Survey Nosocomial Infections

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 366-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Gastmeier ◽  
Dorit Sohr ◽  
Heinz-Michael Just ◽  
Alfred Nassauer ◽  
Franz Daschner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Control Problem ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Control Problems ◽  
Case Identification ◽  
Major Point ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
High Level

Many surveillance methods for nosocomial infections (NIs) have been put forward in the literature, and all have their advantages and disadvantages. Different surveillance methods are useful, depending on whether the objective of surveillance is only to increase sensitivity to infection control problems and to identify areas with possible infection control problems; to confirm a possible infection control problem through comparison with other units or departments; or to use surveillance data for identifying the sources of infections. Furthermore, time effectiveness is a major point in selecting the most appropriate method, particularly the method for case identification. In units or departments with a high level of NI, even highly time-consuming surveillance methods may be ultimately time-effective; in units or departments with a lower level of NI, the time-effectiveness depends on the time necessary for case identification. Close liaison with staff in the units is a sine qua non for the success of all surveillance activities

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