Antithrombotische Therapie bei peripherer arterieller Verschlusskrankheit

2018 ◽  
Vol 143 (15) ◽  
pp. 1060-1064
Author(s):  
Christine Espinola-Klein
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Major Amputation ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Antithrombotische Therapie ◽  
Orale Antikoagulation ◽  
Peripherer Bypass ◽  
Duale Plättchenhemmung

Was ist neu? Antithrombotische Therapie bei stabiler PAVK Die aktuellen deutschen und europäischen Leitlinien empfehlen bei Patienten mit einer peripheren arteriellen Verschlusskrankheit (PAVK) die Monotherapie mit einem Thrombozytenaggregationshemmer (ASS 100 mg oder Clopidogrel 75 mg).In der COMPASS (Cardiovascular OutcoMes for People using Anticoagulation StrategieS) -Studie wurde Patienten mit PAVK 2 × 2,5 mg Rivaroxaban zusätzlich zu ASS 100 mg gegeben. Dies führte zur signifikanten Reduktion kardiovaskulärer Ereignisse (MACE = Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events) wie kardiovaskulärer Tod, Myokardinfarkt und Schlaganfall. Ebenfalls signifikant reduziert wurden periphere Ereignisse (MALE = Major Adverse Limb Events) wie ischämiebedingte Major-Amputation und eine akute schwere Ischämie.Liegt bei Patienten mit einer PAVK die Indikation zur oralen Antikoagulation vor (z. B. bei Vorhofflimmern), empfehlen die aktuellen deutschen und europäischen Leitlinien die Monotherapie mit oralen Antikoagulantien ohne zusätzliche Thrombozytenaggregationshemmung. Antithrombotische Therapie nach peripherer Revaskularisation Nach peripherer Intervention wird in Analogie zur Koronarintervention meist passager eine duale Plättchenhemmung durchgeführt. Nach peripherer Bypass-Anlage wird in der Regel die Monotherapie mit einem Thrombozytenaggregationshemmer empfohlen. In Einzelfällen kann bei komplexem Venenbypass eine orale Antikoagulation und bei Kunststoffbypass eine duale Plättchenhemmung eingesetzt werden.

scholarly journals Early Change in Albuminuria with Canagliflozin Predicts Kidney and Cardiovascular Outcomes: A PostHoc Analysis from the CREDENCE Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 2925-2936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megumi Oshima ◽  
Brendon L. Neuen ◽  
JingWei Li ◽  
Vlado Perkovic ◽  
David M. Charytan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Cardiovascular Death ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Early Change ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter

BackgroundThe association between early changes in albuminuria and kidney and cardiovascular events is primarily based on trials of renin-angiotensin system blockade. It is unclear whether this association occurs with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition.MethodsThe Canagliflozin and Renal Events in Diabetes with Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation (CREDENCE) trial enrolled 4401 patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD (urinary albumin-creatinine ratio [UACR] >300 mg/g). This post hoc analysis assessed canagliflozin’s effect on albuminuria and how early change in albuminuria (baseline to week 26) is associated with the primary kidney outcome (ESKD, doubling of serum creatinine, or kidney death), major adverse cardiovascular events, and hospitalization for heart failure or cardiovascular death.ResultsComplete data for early change in albuminuria and other covariates were available for 3836 (87.2%) participants in the CREDENCE trial. Compared with placebo, canagliflozin lowered UACR by 31% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 27% to 36%) at week 26, and significantly increased the likelihood of achieving a 30% reduction in UACR (odds ratio, 2.69; 95% CI, 2.35 to 3.07). Each 30% decrease in UACR over the first 26 weeks was independently associated with a lower hazard for the primary kidney outcome (hazard ratio [HR], 0.71; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.76; P<0.001), major adverse cardiovascular events (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.88 to 0.96; P<0.001), and hospitalization for heart failure or cardiovascular death (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.81 to 0.90; P<0.001). Residual albuminuria levels at week 26 remained a strong independent risk factor for kidney and cardiovascular events, overall and in each treatment arm.ConclusionsIn people with type 2 diabetes and CKD, use of canagliflozin results in early, sustained reductions in albuminuria, which were independently associated with long-term kidney and cardiovascular outcomes.

Prognostic Impact of Home Blood Pressures for Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes and Mortality in Patients With Resistant Hypertension: A Prospective Cohort Study

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia R.L. Cardoso ◽  
Gil F. Salles
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Hypertension ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Home Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressures

Home blood pressure (HBP) monitoring has been increasingly used in hypertension management. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic importance of HBP parameters in patients with resistant hypertension in relation to office and ambulatory blood pressures (BPs). Three hundred thirty-three patients with resistant hypertension performed 24-hour ambulatory and HBP monitoring at baseline and were followed up for a median of 5.6 years. Primary outcomes were total cardiovascular events, major adverse cardiovascular events, and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Associations between HBPs (total mean, morning and evening BPs, analyzed as continuous and as dichotomical variables) and outcomes were assessed by multivariable-adjusted Cox analyses. Improvement in risk discrimination with HBP was evaluated by C statistics and the Integrated Discrimination Improvement index. During follow-up, there were 48 cardiovascular events (42 major adverse cardiovascular events) and 43 all-cause deaths (26 cardiovascular). Continuous HBP parameters were associated with significantly higher risks of all adverse outcomes, with hazard ratios varying from 1.7 to 2.1, after adjustments for office and ambulatory BPs. In dichotomical analyses, uncontrolled HBP was associated with significantly higher risks of all outcomes, except for the evening HBP. Morning HBP was associated with the highest risks. HBP parameters improved risk discrimination, with increases in C statistics of up to 0.044 and relative Integrated Discrimination Improvements up to 42%, equivalent to those obtained from ambulatory BPs, except for all-cause and cardiovascular mortalities, in which ambulatory BPs provided greater improvements than HBPs. In conclusion, higher/uncontrolled HBP levels are predictive of adverse cardiovascular outcomes and mortality and improve risk discrimination in patients with resistant hypertension.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review on the Correlations between Left Atrial Strain and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 671
Author(s):  
Ana Tanasa ◽  
Alexandru Burlacu ◽  
Cristina Popa ◽  
Mehmet Kanbay ◽  
Crischentian Brinza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Function Evaluation ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Left Atrial Strain ◽  
Atrial Strain ◽  
The Impact

Left atrial strain (LASr) represents a relatively new but promising technique for left atrial and left ventricle function evaluation. LASr was strongly linked to myocardial fibrosis and endocardial thickness, suggesting the utility of LASr in subclinical cardiac dysfunction detection. As CKD negatively impacts cardiovascular risk and mortality, underlying structural and functional abnormalities of cardiac remodeling are widely investigated. LASr could be used in LV diastolic dysfunction grading with an excellent discriminatory power. Our objectives were to assess the impact and existing correlations between LASr and cardiovascular outcomes, as reported in clinical trials, including patients with CKD. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for full-text papers. As reported in clinical studies, LASr was associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, including cardiovascular death and major adverse cardiovascular events (HR 0.89, 95% CI, 0.84–0.93, p < 0.01), paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (OR 0.847, 95% CI, 0.760–0.944, p = 0.003), reduced exercise capacity (AUC 0.83, 95% CI, 0.78–0.88, p < 0.01), diastolic dysfunction (p < 0.05), and estimated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (p < 0.001). Despite limitations attributed to LA deformation imaging (image quality, inter-observer variability, software necessity, learning curve), LASr constitutes a promising marker for cardiovascular events prediction and risk evaluation in patients with CKD.

scholarly journals De novo Cardiac Valve Calcification after Hemodialysis in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients Predicts Future Cardiovascular Events: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-239
Author(s):  
Fu-Jun Lin ◽  
Xi Zhang ◽  
Lu-Sheng Huang ◽  
Xin Zhou ◽  
Gang Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Cardiac Valve ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Valve Calcification ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cardiac Valve Calcification

Background: Cardiac valve calcification (CVC) in maintenance hemodialysis patients is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, whether de novo CVC in incident hemodialysis patients predicts future cardiovascular events is unknown. Methods: This study included 174 patients newly receiving hemodialysis without CVC as reflected by echocardiography between January 2005 and December 2014. De novo CVC was determined with echocardiography once every 6 months until December 2016. Results: The median follow-up was 66 months (range, 19–141). De novo CVC developed in 80 out of 174 (45.98%) subjects: 58 developed aortic valve calcification (AVC) alone, 42 developed mitral valve calcification (MVC) alone, and 20 developed both AVC and MVC. The median time from baseline to de novo CVC was 46 months (range, 3–120) for AVC and 50 months (range, 13–127) for MVC. Patients who developed CVC had a higher major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) rate than those who did not (AVC: 30/58 [51.72%] vs. 23/116 [19.83%]; MVC: 25/42 [59.52%] vs. 28/132 [21.21%]). Multivariate time-dependent Cox regression showed an association between MACE with both de novo AVC and MVC (AVC: hazard ratio [HR] 3.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.55–6.63; MVC: HR 5.95, 95% CI 2.90–12.20). Conclusions: De novo CVC is an independent risk factor for MACE in hemodialysis patients, and regular CVC screening among hemodialysis patients without preexisting CVC may be helpful to identify patients at increased risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

Serum Lipoprotein(a) levels on clinical outcomes after endovascular therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Tomoi ◽  
Y Soga ◽  
S Hiramori ◽  
K Ando
Keyword(s):  
Endovascular Therapy ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Major Amputation ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Log Rank Test

Abstract Background While lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) is an independent predictor of atherosclerotic diseases involving the coronary and cerebrovascular arteries, its prognostic value in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) remains still unclear. Objective The aim of study is to determine the role of Lp(a) levels after endovascular therapy (EVT). Methods This study was prospective observational study. From September 2016 to April 2019, 676 the patients (873 limbs) who underwent EVT for de-novo PAD were enrolled. We divided into Lp(a) levels ≥40 mg/dl (high Lp(a) group; n=129) and &lt;40 mg/dl (low Lp(a) group; n=547). Outcome measures were major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; all-cause death, myocardial infarction and stroke), and major adverse limb events (MALE; repeat revascularization for limb and major amputation) at 1 year. Major amputation defined as above forefoot amputation due to vascular cause. Results The mean follow-up period was 14.3±8.9 months. Serum Lp(a) levels before EVT were 27.2 (10.0–36.0 mg/dl). High Lp (a) group was significantly older, higher prevalence of history of stroke, chronic kidney disease, and multi-vessel lesions. Cumulative incidence of MACE at 1 year was not significantly between two groups (p=0.53, log-rank test), whereas cumulative incidence of MALE at 1 year was significantly higher in high Lp (a) group (p=0.04, log-rank test). However, after adjusting for prespecified risk factors, high Lp (a) group was not independent predictor in MALE at 1 year. Conclusion High Lp (a) might not be associated with cardiovascular events and limb prognosis after EVT for PAD in early phase. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Impact of Serum Uric Acid Lowering and Contemporary Uric Acid-Lowering Therapies on Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hangying Ying ◽  
Hongdi Yuan ◽  
Xiaomei Tang ◽  
Wenpu Guo ◽  
Ruhong Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Reduction ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the potential association between uric acid (UA) lowering and cardiovascular risk reduction among UA-lowering therapies in adults.Methods: A systematic search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted according to the protocol pre-registered in PROSPERO (No. CRD42020199259). We search for RCTs in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov up to July 1, 2020. A meta-analysis was performed using a fixed- or random-effects model.Results: In total, 30 studies involving 18,585 hyperuricaemic patients were included. Xanthine oxidase inhibitor (XOI) therapy produced a 6.0% reduction in relative risk (RR) for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). The use of febuxostat was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events (CVEs) (RR: 1.09, 95% CI 0.998–1.19, I2 = 0.0%), but the difference was not statistically significant. Allopurinol treatment was associated with a lower CVE risk (RR: 0.61, 95% CI 0.46–0.80, I2 = 21.0%). Among the UA-lowering therapies, the drug treatments were associated with all-cause mortality (RR: 1.20, 95% CI 1.02–1.41, I2 = 0.0%). The subgroup with a UA endpoint &lt;7 mg/dl was not associated with a higher CVE risk (RR: 0.57, 95% CI 0.35–0.92, I2 = 0.0%), and in the subgroup with a UA endpoint &lt;5 mg/dl group, a lower risk of CVEs was not observed (RR: 0.99, 95% CI 0.69–1.44, I2 = 0.0%).Conclusions: UA reduction caused by XOIs reduced the incidence of MACEs. UA-lowering medicines were associated with changes in all-cause mortality but not cardiovascular outcomes. The lower UA endpoint was not associated with reduced cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals Effects of Influenza Vaccine on Mortality and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siva H. Yedlapati ◽  
Safi U. Khan ◽  
Swapna Talluri ◽  
Ahmed N. Lone ◽  
Muhammad Zia Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Background Influenza infection causes considerable morbidity and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease. We assessed the effects of the influenza vaccine on mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease. Methods and Results We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library through January 2020 for randomized controlled trials and observational studies assessing the effects of influenza vaccine on mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease. Estimates were reported as random effects risk ratios (RRs) with 95% CIs. Analyses were stratified by study design into randomized controlled trials and observational studies. A total of 16 studies (n=237 058), including 4 randomized controlled trials (n=1667) and 12 observational studies (n=235 391), were identified. Participants' mean age was 69.2±7.01 years, 36.6% were women, 65.1% had hypertension, 31.1% had diabetes mellitus, and 23.4% were smokers. At a median follow‐up duration of 19.5 months, influenza vaccine was associated with a lower risk of all‐cause mortality (RR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.60–0.93 [ P =0.01]), cardiovascular mortality (RR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.80–0.84 [ P <0.001]), and major adverse cardiovascular events (RR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.80–0.94 [ P <0.001]) compared with control. The use of the influenza vaccine was not associated with a statistically significant reduction of myocardial infarction (RR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.49–1.09 [ P =0.12]) compared with control. Conclusions Data from both randomized controlled trials and observational studies support the use of the influenza vaccine in adults with cardiovascular disease to reduce mortality and cardiovascular events, as currently supported by clinical guidelines. Clinicians and health systems should continue to promote the influenza vaccine as part of comprehensive secondary prevention.

Antithrombotische Therapie während und nach Transkatheter-Aortenklappenersatz (TAVI)

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (03) ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Bocksch ◽  
Martin Steeg ◽  
Antonios Kilias
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Vitamin K Antagonist ◽  
Antithrombotische Therapie ◽  
Orale Antikoagulation ◽  
Duale Plättchenhemmung

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDer Transkatheter-Aortenklappenersatz (TAVI) ist heute der häufigste Eingriff an der Aortenklappe in Deutschland, Tendenz steigend. Gegenüber der konservativen Therapie der Aortenklappenstenose bei inoperablen Patienten ist die TAVI hochüberlegen, bei operablen Hochrisiko-, Intermediärrisiko- und auch Niedrigrisiko-Patienten ist die TAVI gleichwertig oder sogar dem operativen Aortenklappenersatz überlegen. Die peri- und postinterventionelle antithrombotische Therapie ist in kontrollierten klinischen Studien vergleichsweise schlecht untersucht. Ziel einer effizienten antithrombotischen Therapie ist die Minimierung des Thrombembolierisikos respektive Schlaganfallrisikos nach TAVI sowie die Reduktion passagerer Klappenthrombosen bei vertretbarem Blutungsrisiko. Die Standardbehandlung nach TAVI ist derzeit die duale Plättchenhemmung mit 100 mg ASS und 75 mg Clopidogrel für 3–6 Monate (ESC IIaC), Patienten mit hohem Blutungsrisiko können auch vertretbar mit einer Monotherapie versorgt werden (ESC IIbC). Patienten mit Vorhofflimmern sollten konventionell antikoaguliert werden (Vitamin K-Antagonist mit Ziel-INR 2–3 oder NOAK) kombiniert mit einer antithrombozytären Monotherapie für 3–6 Monate. Im Fall einer diagnostizierten Klappenthrombose ist die orale Antikoagulation mit einem NOAK oder einem Vitamin-K-Antagonisten mit einer Ziel-INR 3–4 bis zur Normalisierung des transstenotischen Gradienten zu verordnen.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Outcomes of Older Adults After Myocardial Infarction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne M. Kerola ◽  
Antti Palomäki ◽  
Päivi Rautava ◽  
Maria Nuotio ◽  
Ville Kytö
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Probability Weighting ◽  
Inverse Probability

Background Evidence on the impact of sex on prognoses after myocardial infarction (MI) among older adults is limited. We evaluated sex differences in long‐term cardiovascular outcomes after MI in older adults. Methods and Results All patients with MI ≥70 years admitted to 20 Finnish hospitals during a 10‐year period and discharged alive were studied retrospectively using a combination of national registries (n=31 578, 51% men, mean age 79). The primary outcome was combined major adverse cardiovascular event within 10‐year follow‐up. Sex differences in baseline features were equalized using inverse probability weighting adjustment. Women were older, with different comorbidity profiles and rarer ST‐segment–elevation MI and revascularization, compared with men. Adenosine diphosphate inhibitors, anticoagulation, statins, and high‐dose statins were more frequently used by men, and renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone inhibitors and beta blockers by women. After balancing these differences by inverse probability weighting, the cumulative 10‐year incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events was 67.7% in men, 62.0% in women (hazard ratio [HR], 1.17; CI, 1.13–1.21; P <0.0001). New MI (37.0% in men, 33.1% in women; HR, 1.16; P <0.0001), ischemic stroke (21.1% versus 19.5%; HR, 1.10; P =0.004), and cardiovascular death (56.0% versus 51.1%; HR, 1.18; P <0.0001) were more frequent in men during long‐term follow‐up after MI. Sex differences in major adverse cardiovascular events were similar in subgroups of revascularized and non‐revascularized patients, and in patients 70 to 79 and ≥80 years. Conclusions Older men had higher long‐term risk of major adverse cardiovascular events after MI, compared with older women with similar baseline features and evidence‐based medications. Our results highlight the importance of accounting for confounding factors when studying sex differences in cardiovascular outcomes.

scholarly journals Non-compressible ABIs are associated with an increased risk of major amputation and major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with critical limb ischemia

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gagan D Singh ◽  
Ehrin J Armstrong ◽  
Stephen W Waldo ◽  
Bejan Alvandi ◽  
Ellen Brinza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Critical Limb Ischemia ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Major Amputation ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Stage Renal Disease

Ankle–brachial indices (ABIs) are important for the assessment of disease burden among patients with peripheral artery disease. Although low values have been associated with adverse clinical outcomes, the association between non-compressible ABI (ncABI) and clinical outcome has not been evaluated among patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI). The present study sought to compare the clinical characteristics, angiographic findings and clinical outcomes of those with compressible (cABI) and ncABI among patients with CLI. Consecutive patients undergoing endovascular evaluation for CLI between 2006 and 2013 were included in a single center cohort. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were then compared between the two groups. Among 284 patients with CLI, 68 (24%) had ncABIs. These patients were more likely to have coronary artery disease ( p=0.003), diabetes ( p<0.001), end-stage renal disease ( p<0.001) and tissue loss ( p=0.01) when compared to patients with cABI. Rates of infrapopliteal disease were similar between the two groups ( p=0.10), though patients with ncABI had lower rates of iliac ( p=0.004) or femoropopliteal stenosis ( p=0.003). Infrapopliteal vessels had smaller diameters ( p=0.01) with longer lesions ( p=0.05) among patients with ncABIs. After 3 years of follow-up, ncABIs were associated with increased rates of mortality (HR 1.75, 95% CI: 1.12–2.78), MACE (HR 2.04, 95% CI: 1.35–3.03) and major amputation (HR 1.96, 95% CI: 1.11–3.45) when compared to patients with cABIs. In conclusion, ncABIs are associated with higher rates of mortality and adverse events among those undergoing endovascular therapy for CLI.

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