Hip Adduction and Abduction Torque-angle Curve Characterization of Speed Skating Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (04) ◽  
pp. 248-254
Author(s):  
Luciano Luporini Menegaldo ◽  
Lyon Aragão ◽  
Thiago Matta ◽  
Liliam Fernandes de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tensor Fascia Lata ◽  
Speed Skating ◽  
Adductor Muscles ◽  
Hip Abductor ◽  
Torque Angle ◽  
Similar Peak

Abstract Speed skating is a cyclic sport which involves the hip abductor muscles, impelling the participant forwards, and adductor muscles, in the recovery phase and decelerating the abduction movement eccentrically. This paper has the objective of describing and comparing the abduction/adduction torque-angle curves of speed skating athletes (N=10) with a group of non-practitioners young participants (N=10). Both groups presented similar peak torques and electromyography patterns for tensor fascia lata, gluteus medius, long adductor and adductor magnus. However, athletes showed higher torque-angle curve integral and abduction and adduction peak torques at different hip angles than the control group. These findings suggest an adaptation of their musculotendon actuators and a better capacity to generate mechanical work and power during a propulsion-recovery cycle.

A review of the anatomy of the hip abductor muscles, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fascia lata

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 697-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Amy May Sparks Flack ◽  
Helen D. Nicholson ◽  
Stephanie Jane Woodley
Keyword(s):  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Fascia Lata ◽  
Tensor Fascia Lata ◽  
Gluteus Minimus ◽  
Hip Abductor ◽  
Anatomy Of The Hip

Effects of ankle extensor muscle afferent inputs on hip abductor and adductor activity in the decerebrate walking cat

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 3034-3042 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. E. Bolton ◽  
J. E. Misiaszek
Keyword(s):  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Extensor Muscle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Burst Duration ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Decerebrate Cat ◽  
Group I ◽  
Adductor Muscles ◽  
Hip Abductor ◽  
Stimulation Of

Electrical stimulation of the lateral gastrocnemius-soleus (LGS) nerve at group I afferent strength leads to adaptations in the amplitude and timing of extensor muscle activity during walking in the decerebrate cat. Such afferent feedback in the stance leg might result from a delay in stance onset of the opposite leg. Concomitant adaptations in hip abductor and adductor activity would then be expected to maintain lateral stability and balance until the opposite leg is able to support the body. As many hip abductors and adductors are also hip extensors, we hypothesized that stimulation of the LGS nerve at group I afferent strength would produce increased activation and prolonged burst duration in hip abductor and adductor muscles in the premammillary decerebrate walking cat. LGS nerve stimulation during the extensor phase of the locomotor cycle consistently increased burst amplitude of the gluteus medius and adductor femoris muscles, but not pectineus or gracilis. In addition, LGS stimulation prolonged the burst duration of both gluteus medius and adductor femoris. Unexpectedly, long-duration LGS stimulus trains resulted in two distinct outcomes on the hip abductor and adductor bursting pattern: 1) a change of burst duration and timing similar to medial gastrocnemius; or 2) to continue rhythmically bursting uninterrupted. These results indicate that activation of muscle afferents from ankle extensors contributes to the regulation of activity of some hip abductor and adductor muscles, but not all. These results have implications for understanding the neural control of stability during locomotion, as well as the organization of spinal locomotor networks.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Hip Frontal Plane Flexibility and Strength in Male Sprinter Runners With Unilateral Patellofemoral Arthropathy: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-204
Author(s):  
Pezhman Masoudi ◽  
◽  
Soheil Mansour Sohani ◽  
Ali Amiri ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hip Muscle ◽  
Adductor Muscles ◽  
Hip Abductor ◽  
Healthy Side ◽  
Control Study

Background and Objectives: Patellofemoral Arthropathy (PFA) is the most common knee disorder in runners and various factors can lead to the development of its symptoms. It has been proposed that frontal plane motions of the hip and knee can raise the dynamic quadriceps angle during functional tasks. The aim of this study was to evaluate frontal plane acting hip muscle flexibility and strength differences in male sprinter runners with unilateral PFA. Methods: A total of 38 male runners complaining of peripatellar pain or showing positive unilateral patellar grind test, assigned to the normal and sound legs, and 20 matched control groups were compared in this case-control study. Participants’ hip abductor and adductor muscles strength and their flexibility were evaluated through a hand-held dynamometer and 2D motion analysis tracker software. To measure the strength, participants were positioned side-lying position, performing abduction and adduction, while a dynamometer was placed on the lateral and medial femoral epicondyle. Active and passive abduction and adduction range of motion were recorded via a camera in the supine position and the film was analyzed by the software. Results: Abductor muscle strength and abduction-to-adduction ratio on the involved side were significantly lower than the uninvolved side (P=0.029, P=0.008, d=-0.388, d=-0.459), while greater adduction and lower abduction to adduction ratio were found in the control group (P<0.001, F=3.599). Also, lesser passive abduction and active adduction range of motion were found in the control group on both sides (P<0.001, F=2.792, F=8.979). Conclusion: Strength changes of the involved side compared with uninvolved side and less flexible side, but more probably inhibited and stronger adductors in the control group may suggest impaired muscular interaction based on frontal plane muscles torque/length curve function in unilateral PFA. Changes in the strength of the involved side compared to the healthy side and the adductor muscles with more flexibility and strength but more inhibited by the abductor’s muscles in the control group could indicate.

scholarly journals Association of tensor fascia lata hypertrophy and fatty infiltration in the presence of abductor tendon tears: a radiographic study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Quinn ◽  
James Levins ◽  
Mohammadali Mojarrad ◽  
Ryan O’Donnell ◽  
Steven DeFroda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Infiltration ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Hip Surgery ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Tensor Fascia Lata ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hip Abductor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tendon Tears

ABSTRACT Hip abductor tendon tears of the gluteus medius and minimus are becoming a well-recognized source of pain and dysfunction, primarily in middle-age females. Like the rotator cuff, fatty infiltration (FI) can occur after tearing of these tendons. While the association of TFL hypertrophy after abductor tendon tears has been established, its association with FI has not been well studied. Our hypothesis is that hypertrophy of the TFL will be associated with FI of the abductors. All patients &gt;18 years old undergoing primary surgical repair for a confirmed tears on MRI, without a history of prior hip surgery or osteoarthritis, were included. The following measurements were obtained from MRI: TFL cross-sectional area, TFL:sartorius volume ratio, and modified Goutallier grade of gluteus medius and minimus. Seventy patients met inclusion criteria and were divided in two groups, those with (n = 28) and those without FI (n = 42) of the abductors. The FI group was on average older (65 versus 58 years, P &lt; 0.00016). TFL hypertrophy and TFL:sartorius volume ratio were significantly associated with FI (P= 0.00069). Following abductor tendon tear and subsequent FI, there exists significant TFL hypertrophy in patients without a prior history of hip surgery in our patient cohort.

scholarly journals Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Oxidative Status by β-Carotene in Late Pregnant Sows

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xupeng Yuan ◽  
Jiahao Yan ◽  
Ruizhi Hu ◽  
Yanli Li ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Β Carotene

Recent evidences suggest that gut microbiota plays an important role in regulating physiological and metabolic activities of pregnant sows, and β-carotene has a potentially positive effect on reproduction, but the impact of β-carotene on gut microbiota in pregnant sows remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the effect and mechanisms of β-carotene on the reproductive performance of sows from the aspect of gut microbiota. A total of 48 hybrid pregnant sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) with similar parity were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 16) and fed with a basal diet or a diet containing 30 or 90 mg/kg of β-carotene from day 90 of gestation until parturition. Dietary supplementation of 30 or 90 mg/kg β-carotene increased the number of live birth to 11.82 ± 1.54 and 12.29 ± 2.09, respectively, while the control group was 11.00 ± 1.41 (P = 0.201). Moreover, β-carotene increased significantly the serum nitric oxide (NO) level and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity (P &lt; 0.05). Characterization of fecal microbiota revealed that 90 mg/kg β-carotene increased the diversity of the gut flora (P &lt; 0.05). In particular, β-carotene decreased the relative abundance of Firmicutes including Lachnospiraceae AC2044 group, Lachnospiraceae NK4B4 group and Ruminococcaceae UCG-008, but enriched Proteobacteria including Bilophila and Sutterella, and Actinobacteria including Corynebacterium and Corynebacterium 1 which are related to NO synthesis. These data demonstrated that dietary supplementation of β-carotene may increase antioxidant enzyme activity and NO, an important vasodilator to promote the neonatal blood circulation, through regulating gut microbiota in sows.

Arthroscopic Repair of the Hip Abductor Musculotendinous Unit: The Effect of Microfracture on Clinical Outcomes

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652199967
Author(s):  
Baris Kocaoglu ◽  
Ahmet Emre Paksoy ◽  
Simone Cerciello ◽  
Matthieu Ollivier ◽  
Romain Seil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Arthroscopic Repair ◽  
Harris Hip Score ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Outcome Score ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hip Abductor ◽  
Tendon Tears

Background: Endoscopic surgical repair has become a common procedure for treating patients with hip abductor tendon tears. Considering that retear rates are high after the repair of gluteus medius and minimus tendons, exploring alternative strategies to enhance structural healing is important. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding microfracture to single-row repair (SR) on outcomes after the surgical repair of gluteus medius and minimus tendons and compare with SR and double-row repair (DR) without microfracture. We hypothesized that microfracture of the trochanteric footprint with SR would lead to superior clinical outcomes and lower clinically evident retear rates compared with SR and DR without the addition of microfracture. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 50 patients who underwent primary arthroscopic repair of hip gluteus medius and minimus tendon tears were investigated. Patients were divided into 3 groups: DR, 16 patients; SR, 14 patients; and SR with microfracture (SRM), 20 patients. Patients were evaluated with a visual analog scale (VAS) for pain as well as the Hip Outcome Score–Activities of Daily Living (HOS-ADL), Hip Outcome Score–Sport Specific (HOS-SS), and modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) both preoperatively and at a minimum 2-year follow-up (mean, 30 months). Results: Among the SR, SRM, and DR groups, the greatest decrease in VAS scores and increase in mHHS, HOS-ADL, and HOS-SS scores were seen in the SRM group, and all the differences were significant ( P < .001 to P = .006). The abductor tendon retear rates were 31.3%, 35.7%, and 15.0% in the DR, SR, and SRM groups, respectively. Retear rates were lower in the SRM group compared with the SR and DR groups ( P = .042); however, there was no significant difference between the SR and DR groups ( P = .32) in terms of retear rates. Conclusion: Endoscopic SR with microfracture was a safe, practical, and effective technique and had the potential advantage of enhancing biological healing at the footprint. The addition of microfracturing the trochanteric footprint significantly lowered the retear rate and provided better functional outcomes than SR and DR without microfracture.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Abdominal and Gluteus Medius Training in Lumbo-Pelvic Stability and Adductor Strength in Female Soccer Players. A Randomized Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1528
Author(s):  
Héctor Guerrero-Tapia ◽  
Rodrigo Martín-Baeza ◽  
Rubén Cuesta-Barriuso
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Limb Injuries ◽  
Experimental Group

Background. Abdominal and lumbo-pelvic stability alterations may be the origin of lower limb injuries, such as adductor pathology in soccer players. Imbalance can be caused by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial over 8 weeks, 25 female footballers were randomly allocated to an experimental group (isometric abdominal training and gluteus medius-specific training) or a control group (isometric abdominal training). Evaluations were performed at baseline, at the end of the intervention and after a 4-week follow-up period. The exercise protocol in common for both groups included three exercises: Plank, Lateral plank and Bird dog. Specific exercises for the gluteus medius were: Pelvic drop and Stabilization of the gluteus medius in knee valgus. Outcome measures were lumbar-pelvic stability and adductor strength. Results: After the intervention, there was an increase in lumbo-pelvic stability in both groups, being greater in the control group than in the experimental group (mean differences [MD]: 4.84 vs. MD: 9.58; p < 0.01) with differences in the analysis of repeated measures (p < 0.001), but not in group interaction (p = 0.26). Changes were found in adductor strength in the experimental group (MD: −2.48; p < 0.001 in the left adductor; MD: −1.48; p < 0.01 in right adductor) and control group (MD: −1.68; p < 0.001 in the left adductor; MD: −2.05; p < 0.001 in the right adductor) after the intervention, with differences in the analysis of repeated measures in left (p < 0.001) and right (p < 0.001) adductor strength. Conclusions: An abdominal and gluteal training protocol shows no advantage over a protocol of abdominal training alone for lumbo-pelvic stability and adductor strength, while improvements in both variables are maintained at four weeks follow-up.

scholarly journals Defining Minimal Clinically Important Difference After Open Hip Abductor Repair

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 232596712110077
Author(s):  
Tyler J. Uppstrom ◽  
Spencer W. Sullivan ◽  
Joost A. Burger ◽  
Anil S. Ranawat ◽  
Bryan T. Kelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Minimal Clinically Important Difference ◽  
Open Repair ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Harris Hip Score ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Clinically Important Difference ◽  
Hip Abductor

Background: Open repair for gluteus medius and minimus tears is a common surgical treatment for patients with lateral hip pain associated with abductor tears; however, clinically meaningful outcomes have not been described after open surgical treatment. Purpose: To define the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in patients undergoing open gluteus medius or minimus repair, and to identify preoperative patient characteristics predictive of achieving MCID postoperatively. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A retrospective review of prospectively collected data from a consecutive series of patients undergoing open abductor repair between July 2010 and April 2019 was conducted. Perioperative patient data collected included patient characteristics and preoperative and postoperative modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) and International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-33) score. Paired t tests were utilized to compare preoperative and postoperative PROMs and MCID was calculated for both PROMs. Multivariate logistical regression analysis was used to assess the association between preoperative variables and the likelihood for achieving MCID. Results: A total of 47 patients were included in the study. The majority of patients were female (78.7%), with an average age of 63 ± 10.7 years. The average follow-up for both the mHHS and the iHOT-33 surveys was 37.8 ± 27.9 months (range, 10-102 months). Patients demonstrated statistically significant improvements on the mHHS and iHOT-33 postoperatively ( P < .001 for both). The MCIDs of mHHS and iHOT-33 were calculated to be 9.9 and 14.3, respectively. Overall, 82.9% of patients achieved MCID for mHHS and 84.1% of patients achieved MCID for iHOT-33 postoperatively. Multivariate logistical analysis demonstrated younger patients were less likely to achieve MCID for both outcome measures. Four patients (8.5%) suffered postoperative complications after open repair. Conclusion: This study defined MCID for mHHS and iHOT-33 for patients undergoing open repair of hip abductor tears, with a large percentage of patients (>80%) achieving meaningful outcomes for both outcome measures. There was a low complication rate. Younger patients were less likely to achieve MCID compared with older patients.

scholarly journals Effects of rehabilitation and arthroplasty on the hip isometric muscle strength in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 236-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavica Jandric
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Early Rehabilitation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Osteoarthritis Of The Hip ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Tensor Fasciae Latae

Introduction Periarticular muscles have a significant role in keeping the mobility and integrity of the hip joint. The aim of this article was to investigate the effects of the total hip arthroplasty and early rehabilitation on the muscle strength. Patients Three groups of examined persons (matched in relation to musculosceletal conditions, sex, age and occupation) were included in the investigation. The first group (40 of the involved hip) and the second group (with 33 involved hips) were groups of patients with late-stage of osteoarthritis of the hip. The first group of patients was managed conservatively and the second group operatively (total cemented hip endoprosthesis was performed). The third group was control group with 123 healthy hips. Material and methods The maximal voluntary isometric strength was measured with dynamometer. The muscle strength was tested in all three groups: in the first group of patients at the beginning and at the end of the therapy and in patients of the second group 6?3 months postoperatively. Results A significant improvement of the muscle strength was noted for the flexors (t=2.45, p<0.05), musculus tensor fasciae latae (t=2.35, p<0.05), extensors (t=2.85, p<0.01), adductors (t=3.02, p<0.01), external rotators (t=3.1, p<0.01), m. gluteus medius (t=5.28, p<0.001) and internal rotators (t=5.77, p<0.001) after total hip arthroplasty and early rehabilitation in comparison to the conservatively treated group. Conclusion The muscle strength in the patients with osteoarthritis of the hip after arthroplasty was significantly higher than after rehabilitation for all hip muscles but did not reach values of the strength of the muscles in the corresponding control group.

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