Complications of Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis in the Pediatric Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 024-028
Author(s):  
Maraya Baumanis ◽  
Kristen Honsinger ◽  
Charles Elmaraghy ◽  
Kris Jatana
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Acute Sinusitis ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Surgical Subspecialty ◽  
Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Active Communication ◽  
Extracranial Complications

AbstractAcute complicated sinusitis can occur in children and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. While medical management is critical, it is important to provide multi-disciplinary care to involve surgical specialists. Since intracranial and extracranial complications can result from acute sinusitis, active communication among all these specialists is paramount to achieve the best patient outcomes. Children with these conditions are best managed at centers where appropriate pediatric medical and surgical subspecialty care is available.

Caustic Ingestions and Foreign Body Aspirations: An Overlooked Form of Child Abuse

1987 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 709-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen M. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Family Stress ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
High Association ◽  
Physician Awareness ◽  
Serious Injury

Caustic ingestions and foreign body aspirations are common occurrences in the pediatric population. The high association between caustic ingestions and foreign body aspirations and family stress with social problems may result in significant morbidity and mortality. It is the purpose of this article to increase physician awareness concerning the possibility that these events may be a form of child abuse. It is hoped that by recognizing the risk of child abuse in these cases the physician can make the appropriate referrals in order to avoid serious injury to the child.

scholarly journals Paranasal Mass in a Healthy Male Toddler

2021 ◽  
pp. 014556132110079
Author(s):  
Melonie Anne Phillips ◽  
Meredith Lind ◽  
Gerd McGwire ◽  
Diana Rodriguez ◽  
Suzanna Logan
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Neck Tumors ◽  
Complete Surgical Resection ◽  
Maxilla And Mandible ◽  
Benign Mass

Head and neck tumors are rare in pediatric patients but should be kept in the differential when a patient presents with a new swelling or mass. One of these tumors is a myxoma, which is an insidiously growing, benign mass originating from the mesenchyme. They most commonly arise in the myocardium but can also develop in facial structures, particularly in the maxilla and mandible. When arising in facial structures, ocular, respiratory, and digestive systems can be affected based on local invasion. Complete surgical resection is curative but can lead to significant morbidity as well. Here, we present a case of a 15-month-old toddler presenting with a paranasal mass, which was ultimately diagnosed as a maxillary myxoma. This tumor is very rare in the pediatric population, especially in the toddler age-group, reminding clinicians to broaden the differential diagnosis when a patient’s course is atypical.

Evaluation of an Electronic Dosing Calculator to Reduce Pediatric Medication Errors

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-416
Author(s):  
Brian Murray ◽  
Matthew J. Streitz ◽  
Michael Hilliard ◽  
Joseph K. Maddry
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Medication Errors ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Patient Visit ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Medication Dosage

Introduction. Adverse medication events are a potential source of significant morbidity and mortality in pediatric patients, where dosages frequently rely on weight-based formulas. The most frequent occurrence of medication errors occurs during the ordering phase. Methods. Through a prospective cohort analysis, we followed medication errors through patient safety reports (PSRs) to determine if the use of a medication dosage calculator would reduce the number of PSRs per patient visits. Results. The number of PSRs for medication errors per patient visit occurring due to errors in ordering decreased from 10/28 417 to 1/17 940, a decrease by a factor of 6.31, with a χ2 value of 4.063, P = .0463. Conclusion. We conclude that the use of an electronic dosing calculator is able to reduce the number of medication errors, thereby reducing the potential for serious pediatric adverse medication events.

scholarly journals Image-guided Percutaneous Drainage in the Pediatric Population: A Primer for Radiologists

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keerthi Arani ◽  
Kiran Nandalur ◽  
Christina M Tucker ◽  
David A Bloom
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Percutaneous Drainage ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Pictorial Essay ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Patient Preparation ◽  
The Common

Image-guided percutaneous drainage is an excellent minimally invasive method for dealing with infectious complications in the pediatric population. A thorough understanding of drainage procedures in children can often lead to improved patient outcomes. Indications for percutaneous drainage will be reviewed, including abscesses related to appendicitis, post-surgical abscess formation, and abscesses related to Crohn's disease. This pictorial essay will help the radiologist better understand the common etiologies of abscesses in children that may require percutaneous drainage, the special considerations for catheter placement, patient preparation, and anesthesia or sedation issues unique to the pediatric population.

Pulmonary Hemorrhage in the Neonate

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 295-304
Author(s):  
Megan Alexandra Welde ◽  
Cassidy Brooke Sanford ◽  
Melissa Mangum ◽  
Christy Paschal ◽  
Amy J. Jnah
Keyword(s):  
Early Identification ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Pulmonary Hemorrhage ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Exogenous Surfactant ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Proactive Management ◽  
Surfactant Administration

Pulmonary hemorrhage (PH) is a pathology associated with significant morbidity and mortality, particularly among preterm infants in the NICU. The diagnosis is made when hemorrhagic secretions are aspirated from the trachea concurrent with respiratory decompensation that necessitates intubation or escalated support. The implementation of mechanical ventilation and widespread exogenous surfactant administration have significantly reduced respiratory morbidities. However, when PH develops, death remains the most common outcome. Treatment for PH remains primarily supportive; thus, a thorough understanding of underlying disease processes, manifestations, diagnostic testing, and current evidence is vital to enable early identification and proactive management to reduce morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Correlation between chest x-ray findings and outcomes of patients with mechanical ventilation

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Indah Nurhayati ◽  
Muhammad Supriatna ◽  
Kamilah Budhi Raharjani ◽  
Eddy Sudijanto
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

Background Most infants and children admitted to the pediatricintensive care unit (PICU) have respiratory distress and pulmonarydisease as underlying conditions. Mechanical ventilation may beused to limit morbidity and mortality in children with respiratoryfailure.Objective To assess a correlation between chest x-ray findingsand outcomes of patients with mechanical ventilation.Methods This retrospective study was held in Dr. KariadiHospital, Semarang, Indonesia. Data was collected from themedical records of children admitted to the PICU from Januaryto December 2010, who suffered from respiratory distress andused mechanical ventilation. We compared chest x-ray findings tothe outcomes of patients. Radiological expertise was provided byradiologists on duty at the time. Chi-square and logistic regressiontests were used for statistical analysis.Results There were 63 subjects in our study, consisting of 28 malesand 35 females. Patient outcomes were defined as survived or died,43 subjects ( 68%) and 20 subjects (3 2%), respectively. Chest x-rayfindings revealed the following conditions: bronchopneumonia48% (P=0.298; 95%CI 0.22 to 1.88), pleural effusion 43%(P=0.280; 95%CI 0.539 to 4.837) , pulmonary edema 6%(P=0.622; 95%CI 0.14 to 14.62) and atelectasis 3% (P=0.538;95%CI 0.03 to 7 .62). None of the chest x-ray findings significantlycorrelated to patient outcomes.Conclusion Chest x-ray findings do not correlate to patientoutcomes in pediatric subjects with mechanical ventilation inthe PICU of Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia.

scholarly journals The toll of COVID-19 on African children: A descriptive analysis on the COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality among the pediatric population in Sub-Saharan Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Rodriguez Velasquez ◽  
Lea Jacques ◽  
Jyoti Dalal ◽  
Paolo Sestito ◽  
Zahra Habibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Introduction: Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, very little data on the epidemiological characteristics among the pediatric population in Africa has been published. This paper examines the age and sex distribution of the morbidity and mortality rate in children with COVID-19 and compares it to the adult population within 15 Sub-Saharan African countries. Methods: A merge line listing dataset using a reverse engineering model shared by countries within the Regional Office for Africa was analyzed. Patients diagnosed within 1 March 2020 and 1 September 2020 with confirmed positive RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 were analyzed. Children data were stratified into three age groups: 0-4 years, 5-11 years, and 12-17 years, while adults were combined. The cumulative incidence of cases including its medians and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results: 9% of the total confirmed cases and 2.4% of the reported deaths were pediatric cases. The 12-17 age group in all 15 countries showed the highest cumulative incidence proportion in children. COVID-19 cases in males and females under the age of 18 were evenly distributed. Among adults, a higher case incidence per 100,000 people was observed compared to children. Conclusion: The cases and deaths within the children population was smaller than the adult population. These differences can reflect biases in COVID-19 testing protocols and reporting implemented by countries, highlighting the need for more extensive investigation and focus on the effects of COVID-19 in children.

scholarly journals Mucormycosis in CAPA, a Possible Fungal Super-Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 708
Author(s):  
Paola Saltini ◽  
Emanuele Palomba ◽  
Valeria Castelli ◽  
Marco Fava ◽  
Laura Alagna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Infection ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
First Case ◽  
Super Infection

The occurrence of pulmonary fungal superinfection due to Aspergillus spp. in patients with COVID-19 is a well-described complication associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This can be related to a directed effect of the virus and to the immunosuppressive role of the therapies administered for the disease. Here, we describe the first case of pulmonary infection due to Mucorales occurring in a patient with a concomitant diagnosis of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis.

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