scholarly journals Effect of Diabetes on the Male Reproductive System—A Histomorphological Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 017-023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushma Kotian ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Sanchari Mallik ◽  
Nandini Bhat ◽  
Anne Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Reproductive System ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Minimum Diameter

Introduction Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder characterized by lack of insulin production by the β cells of the pancreas. This lack of insulin causes a variety of systemic effects on the metabolism of the body, one of which is reproductive dysfunction. The present study investigates the effects of diabetes on the male reproductive system of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Material and Methods A total of 18 adult male Wistar rats weighing ∼ between 250 and 300 g were included in the present study. The animals were divided into normal and diabetic groups. The diabetic group was further subdivided into 2 subgroups with durations of 24 and 48 days. A single dose of STZ (40 mg/kg body weight) was administrated intraperitoneally to the animals of the diabetic group. After the planned duration, the testes and epididymides were dissected, and their gross weight was measured. The tissues were then processed for histological study. Results The gross weight of the testes and epididymides in diabetic rats at 24 and 48 days showed a decrease in comparison to the control. (p < 0.01 for testes and epididymides).Diabetic animals presented a significant decrease in the diameter of the seminiferous tubules compared with the control group (p < 0.01). The epididymides in the diabetic groups showed a considerable reduction in the tubular surface area compared with the control group (p < 0.01). There was also a reduction in the mean diameter, which was measured using the maximum and minimum diameter of the tubules (p < 0.01). Conclusion The present study is an insight into the adverse effects that diabetes can have on the tissue structure of the testes, of the epididymides, and ultimately on the process of spermatogenesis.

scholarly journals Effects of Diabetes Mellitus on the Reproductive System of Adult Male Mice After One Cycle of Spermatogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (34) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Kouassi Emile Bégbin ◽  
N’Guessan Ernest Zougrou ◽  
Georges Abizi ◽  
Koffi Kouakou ◽  
N’Takpé Emmanuel Jaurès Mangué
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Male Reproductive System ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Study Results

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Poor management of hyperglycemia leads to complications that can reduce quality of life. Diabetes mellitus has been associated with damage to the reproductive system. The present study examines effects of diabetes mellitus on the reproductive system in alloxan-induced diabetic mice after one cycle of spermatogenesis. Materials and Methods: Twelve (12) mice divided into "control" and "diabetic" groups of six (6) animals each were used. Diabetes was induced in adult male mice by intraperitoneal injection with a single dose of 220 mg/kg body weight of alloxan. After 40 days, sperm density, morphology, and motility were assessed by standard methods. Serum levels of testosterone, FSH, and LH were measured. In addition, testes and epididymis were removed for histological study. Results: Highly significant (P < 0.001) reductions in serum testosterone, FSH, and LH levels, as well as normal and motile sperm counts of 21% and 34% respectively were observed in the diabetic group. The control group had three times more sperm than the diabetic group. The histological increased inter-tubular spaces, loss of interstitial tissue, degeneration of seminiferous tubules, and almost complete reduction of sperm count in the epididymal duct. Conclusion: Chronic hyperglycemia is therefore deleterious to the male reproductive system of mice. It leads to hypogonadism, which causes dysfunction of the male reproductive system, and can lead to infertility in men with diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals METRONIDAZOLE INDUCES SIGNIFICANT PATHOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS IN THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM OF MICE

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1375-1381
Author(s):  
Z. K. Al – Timimi
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Sperm Morphology ◽  
Male Reproductive System ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Water Treated Control

The present study was aimed to investigate the possible effects caused by the antibiotic, metronidazole, on the histology of the testis and the morphology of the sperms of mice. To achieve this,  adult male albino Swiss Mice were orally administrated with 0.1 ml (100 mg\ kg ) of the commercially used metronidazole (Flagyl) for 60 consecutive days. The results showed significant decreases (p<0.05) in the mean weight of body and testis in the treated mice as compared to the distilled water-treated control group. The treatment also caused several histopathological changes in the testis which included necrosis, congestion, hemorrhage, edema, germ cell downfall  and rupture in the seminiferous tubules. The tests of the sperm morphology revealed a number of deformations as a result of the treatment, such as the appearance of headless,  bend, broken-tailed, hook-tailed, and two-headed sperms, as well as sperms with cytoplasmic droplets. We conclude that from these results that orally administered Metronidazole exerts negative effects on the male reproductive system of mice .

Fetal myocardial hypertrophy in an experimental model of gestational diabetes

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 609-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honório S. Menezes ◽  
Marinez Barra ◽  
André R. Belló ◽  
Cristiano B. Martins ◽  
Paulo Zielinsky
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Ventricular Septum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Nuclear Area ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

Introduction: The frequent occurrence of prenatal hypertrophy of the muscular ventricular septum has been widely reported in fetuses of diabetic mothers. Objectives: This experimental study was carried out to test the hypothesis that the weight of the heart, the ratio of the cardiac weight to that of the body, the thickness of the muscular ventricular septum, and the myocytic profile within the ventricular septum are all increased in fetuses of diabetic rats in comparison to fetuses of normal rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced in 5 pregnant Wistar rats, bearing 30 fetuses, on the eighth day after conception, by intraperitoneal injection of 50mg/kg of streptozotocin. Five normal pregnant Wistar rats, bearing 20 fetuses, made up the control group. Morphometric data were obtained by a computer-assisted method applied to the measurements of the thickness of the ventricular septum, and myocytic nuclear area. Statistical analysis utilized Student's t-test and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The mean thickness of the septum was 675.56 μm (± 159) in the control fetuses, and 904.39 μm (± 262) in the fetuses carried by diabetic mothers (p < 0.001). The cardiac weight was 0.016 g (± 0.004) in the control group, and 0.023 g (± 0.005) in the group of diabetic fetuses (p < 0.001). The ratio of cardiac to body weight was 0.294% (± 0.079) in the control group, and 0.514% (± 0.073) in the diabetic group (p < 0.001). The myocytic nuclear area was 14.70 μm2 in the control group, and 21.43 μm2 in the diabetic group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The presence of cellular and morphologic cardiac hypertrophy in fetuses of diabetic rats was demonstrated by the significant difference between the two groups for each analyzed feature.

scholarly journals Protective Effect ofMomordica charantiaFruit Extract on Hyperglycaemia-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razif Abas ◽  
Faizah Othman ◽  
Zar Chi Thent
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cardiac Fibrosis ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Cardiac Tissues

In diabetes mellitus, cardiac fibrosis is characterized by increase in the deposition of collagen fibers. The present study aimed to observe the effect ofMomordica charantia(MC) fruit extract on hyperglycaemia-induced cardiac fibrosis. Diabetes was induced in the male Sprague-Dawley rats with a single intravenous injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Following 4 weeks of STZ induction, the rats were subdivided (n= 6) into control group (Ctrl), control group treated withMC(Ctrl-MC), diabetic untreated group (DM-Ctrl), diabetic group treated withMC(DM-MC), and diabetic group treated with 150 mg/kg of metformin (DM-Met). Administration ofMCfruit extract (1.5 g/kg body weight) in diabetic rats for 28 days showed significant increase in the body weight and decrease in the fasting blood glucose level. Significant increase in cardiac tissues superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione contents (GSH), and catalase (CAT) was observed followingMCtreatment. Hydroxyproline content was significantly reduced and associated morphological damages reverted to normal. The decreased expression of type III and type IV collagens was observed under immunohistochemical staining. It is concluded thatMCfruit extract possesses antihyperglycemic, antioxidative, and cardioprotective properties which may be beneficial in the treatment of diabetic cardiac fibrosis.

scholarly journals Effects of the Aqueous Extract of Cnestis ferruginea Leaves on the Male Reproductive System in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Mice

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
Kouassi Emile Bégbin ◽  
N’Guessan Ernest Zougrou ◽  
Séverin Koffi ◽  
Edwige Alida Odoh ◽  
Koffi Kouakou
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Male Reproductive System ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Sperm Density

Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disease and one of the most common chronic disorders. Diabetes mellitus has been associated with impaired reproductive health, mainly in men. The present study aimed to evaluate effects of the aqueous extract of Cnestis ferruginea leaves on the male reproductive system in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The determination of phenolic compounds content in the aqueous extract was performed by conventional methods. Diabetes was induced in adult male mice by intraperitoneal injection with a single dose of 220 mg/Kg body weight of alloxan. Animal’s treatment with 100 and 200 mg/Kg of body weight of the aqueous extract was started 34 days after induction of diabetes. Sperm density, morphology and motility were assessed by standard methods. Serum levels of testosterone, FSH, and LH were measured. In addition, the testes were removed for histological study. Proportions of total polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins in the aqueous extract of Cnestis ferruginea were 5260.32 +/- 26 mg EAG /100g, 1384.43 +/- 4 mg EQ /100g and 7380.95 +/- 121 mg EC /100g respectively. 100 and 200 mg/Kg of body weight doses induced highly significant (P ˂ .001) reductions of 68% and 71% in blood glucose levels respectively, significant (P ˂ .05) increases in testes weight of 9% and 10% respectively, highly significant (P ˂ .001) increases in testosterone, pituitary gonadotropins and sperm parameter levels. In addition, regeneration of seminiferous tubules and interstitial cells was observed. Cnestis ferruginea leaves are rich in phenolic compounds. These compounds have anti-diabetic and fertilizing activities on the male reproductive system of diabetic mice.

scholarly journals A randomised, open label comparative study of hydroxychloroquine with betamethasone oral mini pulse in the management of patients with alopecia areata

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Jeyasudha Jambusayee ◽  
Kulur Mukhyaprana Sudha
Keyword(s):  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Pulse Therapy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder causing patchy hair loss on scalp and other parts of the body and leading to poor self-esteem and anxiety in patients. Treatment with topical or systemic drugs like steroids or other immunosuppressants is associated with adverse effects. Hydroxychloroquine is an antimalarial drug, with T cell modulating function. This study was undertaken to assess the safety, efficacy and tolerability of Hydroxychloroquine in Alopecia areata compared to betamethasone oral mini pulse (OMP) therapy. Methods: 60 patients with alopecia areata were randomized into two groups of 30 each. Control group received tab. betamethasone 5 mg/day on two consecutive days of week for 12 weeks and Study group received tab. hydroxychloroquine 200 mg/day for 12 weeks. They were followed-up for further 12 weeks. Scale of alopecia tool, dermatology life quality index and global assessment at baseline, 12 weeks and 24 weeks were used to assess the outcome.Results: 94 patients were screened and 60 patients were included. All patients completed the study. At the end of 12 weeks, there was a statistically significant reduction in SALT and DLQI scores in both control and study groups. But at the end of 24 weeks, the study group showed an increase in the scores. Relapses were more in the study group. No significant difference in the incidence of adverse events was noted between the two groups.Conclusions: Hydroxychloroquine 200 mg/day is less efficacious in the management of alopecia areata in comparison to betamethasone oral mini pulse therapy.

scholarly journals Effects of l-Carnitine on the Follicle-Stimulating Hormone, Luteinizing Hormone, Testosterone, and Testicular Tissue Oxidative Stress Levels in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 2515690X1879605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nourollah Rezaei ◽  
Tahereh Mardanshahi ◽  
Majid Malekzadeh Shafaroudi ◽  
Saeed Abedian ◽  
Hamid Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Group I ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

The present study was designed to investigate the antioxidant property of l-carnitine (LC) on serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (TH) and testis oxidative stress in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The rats were divided into the following groups: group I, control; group II, LC 100 mg/kg/d; group III, diabetic; and groups IV to VI, diabetic rats treated with 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/d of LC, respectively. Daily injections were given intraperitoneally for 7 weeks. At the end of experimental period, after sacrificing the rats, FSH, LH, TH, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), mitochondrial function (MTT), protein carbonyl (PC), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured. STZ caused an elevation of MDA, ROS, and PC ( P < .001) with reduction of GSH, CAT, TAC, and MTT ( P < .001) in the serum levels. Group VI had significantly increased FSH, LH, and TH levels versus the untreated diabetic group ( P < .001). Although groups V and VI significantly decreased MDA ( P < .001), PC ( P < .01), and ROS ( P < .01) compared with the untreated diabetic group; only in group VI, the activity of GSH ( P < .001), CAT ( P < .01), TAC ( P < .001), and MTT ( P < .001) significantly increased. The results of the present study suggest that LC decreased diabetes-induced oxidative stress complications and also improved serum level of FSH, LH, and TH by reducing levels of lipid peroxidation and increasing antioxidant enzymes.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT IN OXIDATIVE STRESS AFTER DUODENOJEJUNOSTOMY IN AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cacio Ricardo WIETZYCOSKI ◽  
João Caetano Dallegrave MARCHESINI ◽  
Sultan AL-THEMYAT ◽  
Fabiola Shons MEYER ◽  
Manoel Roberto Maciel TRINDADE
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Surgical Group

ABSTRACT Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a multifactorial syndrome with severe complications. Oxidative stress is accepted as a causal factor of chronic complications Aim: To demonstrate alterations in oxidative stress after metabolic surgery. Methods: Twenty-four 2-day-old Wistar rats were used. In 16, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus was induced by 100 mg/kg streptozotocin injection. The development of diabetes was confirmed after 10 weeks using an oral glucose tolerance test. Eight diabetic rats composed the diabetic surgical group; the remaining eight composed the diabetic group. Eight animals in which diabetes was not induced formed the clinical control group. The Marchesini technique was used in the diabetic surgical group. After 90 days, the rats were sacrificed, and the oxidative stress markers were measured. Results: Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, superoxide dismutase and catalase were significantly reduced in the diabetic surgical group compared to the diabetic group. Conclusion: The duodenojejunostomy was effective in controlling the exacerbated oxidative stress present in diabetic rats.

EFFECT OF DIPYRIDAMOLE + ASA ON THE RETINE VASCULAR PATTERN OF ESTREPTOZOTOCIN-DIABETIC RATS

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Moreno ◽  
J P de la Cruz ◽  
J Garcia Campos ◽  
F Sanchez de la Cuesta
Keyword(s):  
Treated Group ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Pattern ◽  
Vascular Tree ◽  
Aorta Ring ◽  
Vascular Bed ◽  
Group 2

INTRODUCTIONWe have used an experimental model which allows the evaluation of the qualitative differences in the retinal vascular pattern by means of the labeling of the retine vascular tree with radish peroxidase (HRP) in estreptozotocin-diabetic rats. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of ASA and DIP + ASA on the vessels platelet behaviour of said retine pattern in a group of rats in t-hich the diabetes had 3 months of evolution.PROCEDURE22 Wistar male rats were divided into A groups; 1) control group, 2) diabetic rats without antiaggregant, 3) dietetic rats treated with 6 mg/day ASA p.o., 4) diabetic rats treated with 6 mg/day ASA +12 mg/day DIP p.o. For inducing diabetes 30 mg/Kg of i.v. estreptozotocine were administered. The animals were considered “diabetic” when glucemia was over 200 mg/100 ml. After 3 months of treatment with 4IU insuline and ASA, or ASA + DIP, the animals were sacrified. Samples of blood and rings of descending aorta were extracted. Platelet aggregation in IJB in front of 1 μg/ml of collagen and the prostacycline-like activity of the aorta ring were evaluated. The configuration of the retine vascular tree labeled with HRP was observed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONSMaximal aggregation intensity: 11.1 Ω in the control group,10.9Ω in the diabetic non-treated group, 4.8Ω in rats receiving ASA and 4.6Ω in rats treated with DIP + ASA. The incUbation during 10 min. of aorta rings in blood samples produced 38.7% inhibition in the control group, 12.8% in the non treated-diabetic group 0% in the ASA group and 49.3% in the group treated with DIP + ASA.The qualitative changes in the diabetic rats retinal vascular network non treated with antiaggregants showed a scarce visibility of capillars as well as large zones of tortuous vessels. The rats treated with ASA showed a continuous vascular bed and less tortuous vessels than the ones in the non treated group but the vascular diameters were smaller than the ones observed in non-diabetic rats; the rats treated with DIP + ASA showed a continuous vascular bed, scarce tortuous vessels and vascular diameters similar to the ones found in non-diabetic rats. Mortality rates: 0% in the control group, 50% in the non-treated diabetic group, 16% in the ASA group and 0% in the DIP + ASA group. The administration of DIP + ASA normalized the prostacycline-like activity and the retinal vascular pattern in estreptozotocin-diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Antihyperglycemic and Antihyperlipidemic of Karala (Momordica charantia) Fruits in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Hossain ◽  
M Mostofa ◽  
D Debnath ◽  
AKMR Alam ◽  
Z Yasmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Higher Doses

To investigate the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effect of Momordica charantia (Karala), the aqueous extract of the Karala fruit was tested on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Thirty six albino rats were used in the experiment, 30 diabetic and the remaining six as negative control (T1). Diabetes was induced by administering (injecting) STZ at dose of 55mg/kg body weight. Thirty diabetic animals were randomly divided into five groups such as diabetic control group (T2) without any application of treatment, and groups T3,T4,T5 and T6 were treated with aqueous extract of Karala fruits daily at the doses of 250,    500 and 750mg/kg and glibenclamide (at a dose of 5mg/kg body weight) respectively. The body weight was taken and blood samples were collected from individual animal to determine glucose levels at 15 day interval up to 90 days. In addition, Asparate  Transaminenase(AST), Alanine Transaminenase(ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase(ALP), Total cholesterol (TCh) and Triglyceride (TGA) were determined at day 15 and at the end of the experiment. All three doses of Karala extracts reduced diabetic induced blood sugar and the reduction is comparable with standard glibenclamide (GLM) dose particularly with higher doses Karala extracts (500 and 750mg). Karala also prevented body weight loss due to induced diabetes as did by GLM treatment.. The treatment also resulted in a significant reduction of Asparate Transaminenase(AST), Alanine Transaminenase(ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase(ALP), Total cholesterol (TCh) and Triglyceride (TGA) activities of treated rats when compared to the STZ induced  diabetic rats. Higher doses of Karala (500 and 750mg/kg) are as effective as standard GLM dose on measured variables. This study demonstrated that Karala has hyperglycemia and antihyperlipidemic effect against STZ induced diabetic rats. These findings open the possibility of using Karala extract to treat diabetic animal and human patients although further research is warranted. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11550 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 29 - 37, 2012  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document