Impact of Sport Activity and Physical Exercise on Obstetrical and Perineal Outcomes at Delivery: A Prospective Study

Objective This study was aimed to investigate the effects of physical activity on perineal outcomes at delivery according to the different levels and types of maternal physical activity before and during pregnancy. Study Design We prospectively evaluated the obstetrical and perineal outcomes of all consecutive women who delivered at the Del Ponte Hospital, in the period between July 2014 and September 2014. Women were divided into three groups according to the features of physical activity performed before pregnancy: group 1: “very sporty women,” group 2: “moderately sporty women,” and group 3: “inactive women.” A subanalysis of our data was performed based on the specific type of sport activity, on the degree of involvement of perineal muscles during physical activity, and on the continuation/discontinuation of this activity during pregnancy. Results A total of 135, 84, and 85 women were included in group 1, group 2, and group 3, respectively. The demographic characteristics were comparable among all the groups. Sport activity during pregnancy was more frequent in groups 1 and 2 (59.3 and 53.6%, respectively, vs. 29.4% in group 3; p = 0.003). No differences among groups were detected in terms of perineal outcomes. A lower rate of episiotomy/lacerations ≥ 2nd degree was found among women who practiced sports that specifically involved the perineal muscles and who continued this practice during pregnancy. Conclusion Perineal outcomes are not influenced by the intensity of sport activity performed before/during pregnancy. Continuous sports during pregnancy that specifically train the perineal muscles are associated with a lower rate of episiotomy and perineal lacerations ≥ 2nd degree.

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Genital Findings in Sexually Abused, Symptomatic and Asymptomatic, Girls

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.79.5.778 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 79 (5) ◽

pp. 778-785

Author(s):

S. Jean Emans ◽

Elizabeth R. Woods ◽

Nancy T. Flagg ◽

Amanda Freeman

Keyword(s):

Prospective Study ◽

Sexually Abused ◽

Asymptomatic Children ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Group 1 ◽

Sexually Abused Girls

Although evaluation of the vulva of sexually abused girls using magnification with a colposcope or pediatric otoscope has become increasingly popular, the incidence of various genital findings in sexually abused and asymptomatic children has not been reported. A prospective study was carried out in which 20 genital findings from three groups of girls (mean age 4.8 ± 2.6 years) were analyzed. The three groups were (1) sexually abused girls (n = 119), (2) normal girls with no genital complaints (n = 127), and (3) girls with other genital complaints (n = 59). Group 1 was more likely than group 2 to have scars on the hymen or posterior forchette (9% v 1%, P = .002), increased friability of the posterior forchette (10% v 1%, P = .001), attenuated hymen (18% v 4%, P = .0003), and synechiae from the hymenal ring to the vagina (8% v 0%, P = .0009). Groups 1 and 3 were remarkably similar with the exception of erythema which was more common in group 3 (34% v 68%, P = .0001). Hymenal diameter was slightly greater in group 1 than 2 but not 3. Although genital findings distinguish some sexually abused girls from asymptomatic girls, many findings also occur in girls with other genital complaints, which suggests that many of these girls have also been molested or that vulvar inflammation may lead to some of these findings.

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Endocardial Fibroelastosis of the Left Ventricle Affects Right Ventricular Performance in Fetuses with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome: A Prospective Study Using M-Mode, PW- and Tissue Doppler Techniques

Ultraschall in der Medizin - European Journal of Ultrasound ◽

10.1055/s-0043-111590 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (04) ◽

pp. 413-421 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Oliver Graupner ◽

Christian Enzensberger ◽

Larissa Wieg ◽

Jan Degenhardt ◽

Aline Wolter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Left Ventricle ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Left Heart ◽

Endocardial Fibroelastosis ◽

Hypoplastic Left Heart ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Left Heart Syndrome ◽

Group 1

Abstract Purpose Myocardial function (MF) of the systemic right ventricle (RV) influences the postnatal course of neonates with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). Our study examines whether the presence of endocardial fibroelastosis of the left ventricle (LV EFE) influences MF of the RV in HLHS fetuses. Materials and Methods A prospective study was conducted including 10 controls (group 1), 10 HLHS fetuses with (group 2) and 10 without LV EFE (group 3) – all matched for gestational age. M-mode was used to assess tricuspid plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and the shortening fraction (SF). PW-Doppler-derived and PW-TDI-derived velocities were assessed. E/A, E/e', e'/a' ratios and the myocardial performance index (mpi’) were calculated. Results The examination of MF revealed significantly lower s’ velocities (p < 0.05) and higher values for SF in group 2 compared to group 3. e’/a’ ratio, et’ (ejection time), E wave velocity, E/e’ and SF showed significantly higher values in group 2 compared to group 1. In group 2 a’ velocity increased significantly over gestational age. In group 3 but not in group 2, TAPSE increased during gestation. Conclusion These significant differences in MF between the groups might lend support to the notion of negative ventricular-ventricular interaction in the case of HLHS with LV EFE possibly influencing surgical outcomes.

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Young people's lifestyle and frequency of physical activity – an original study

Pomeranian Journal of Life Sciences ◽

10.21164/pomjlifesci.681 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

pp. 54-60

Author(s):

Barbara Janota ◽

Elżbieta Szczepańska ◽

Karolina Janion

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Positive Impact ◽

High Rate ◽

P Value ◽

Daily Consumption ◽

Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽

School Students ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Abstract Introduction A healthy lifestyle, including healthy eating, frequent physical activity, abstention from recreational substances, appropriate amounts of sleep and restricted amounts of television and computer time have a positive impact on the development and health of adolescents. The aim of the study was to assess selected aspects of adolescent lifestyle with a focus on rates of physical activity. Materials and methods The study material included a questionnaire completed by 304 secondary school students. The answers were analysed with respect to the physical activity of the respondents and then grouped accordingly: group 1 consisted of respondents with a low rate of physical activity, group 2 with a moderate rate of physical activity and group 3 with a high rate of physical activity. Differences in the the percentages of healthy behaviour the groups engaged in was assessed using the Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA on ranks test. Post hoc, a 2-way test with Bonferroni correction was performed. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant for all analyses. Results The recommended number of 4–5 meals a day is consumed mostly by individuals from group 2 (52.94%) and to the least extent by those in group 1 (47.17%). The recommended daily consumption of fruit is mostly reported by respondents from group 3 (39.34%) and the least, by those from group 1 (26.42%). Subjects from group 2 are least likely to drink alcohol, which is harmful for one's health (26.47%); this group also includes the largest number of individuals who do not smoke cigarettes (69.12%). The most favorable behaviour with regards to sleep is displayed by subjects from group 3, in which 10.38% of participants slept for the recommended 8–10 h a day. Conclusions The majority of adolescents, regardless of the frequency of physical activity they undertook, had an unhealthy lifestyle. The most favourable lifestyle was led by subjects who performed physical activity between once a week and a few times a month.

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Management Of Recent Elbow Dislocations: Functional Treatment Versus Immobilization; A Prospective Study About 60 Cases

The Open Orthopaedics Journal ◽

10.2174/1874325001711010452 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 452-459 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ndeye Fatou Coulibaly ◽

Niane Mouhamadou Moustapha ◽

Hamadi Hadji Djoumoi ◽

Sarr Lamine ◽

Gueye Alioune Badara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prospective Study ◽

Elbow Dislocation ◽

Early Mobilization ◽

Functional Results ◽

Functional Treatment ◽

Functional Rehabilitation ◽

Dislocation Reduction ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

A Prospective Study

Objective: To determine our therapeutic posture trough a comparison of functional treatment results versus immobilization in two different periods. Introduction: For years, the treatment of recent elbow dislocations consisted of reduction and immobilization during 21 days. Given the frequency of stiffness other methods have been tried out. Method: A prospective study was carried out from January 2010 to December 2014. Sixty patients averaging 28.3 years of age underwent elbow dislocation reduction. They were categorized into three separate groups. Patients in the first group had their elbow immobilized for 21 days whereas Group 2 patients were immobilized for 10 days. Group 3 patients were applied a functional treatment followed by a functional rehabilitation. Patients were evaluated according to the Mayo Clinic Elbow Performance Index and the results analyzed with statistical software (SPSS, version 18). Results: During the first month, the functional results of the patients were excellent and good in 19%, 94.7% and 90% respectively for Groups 1, 2 and 3. The pain was intense (10 on the visual analogue scale) in group 3 associated with swelling. At day 90, the results of the patients in Groups 2 and 3 were excellent in 100% of the cases versus 90% for Group 1. At 6 months, all the results were the same. We have not noted any instability, or recurrence or periarticular ossification in our patients. Conclusion: The treatment of stable elbow dislocations remains orthopedic. The risk of instability and pain motivates a short 10-day immobilization period followed by early mobilization.

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Platelet Function and Activation in Patients with Immune Thrombocytopenia Treated with Eltrombopag: Comparison with Steroid-Treated and Untreated Patients,

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v118.21.3280.3280 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 118 (21) ◽

pp. 3280-3280

Author(s):

Johanna Haselboeck ◽

Alexandra Kaider ◽

Ingrid Pabinger ◽

Simon Panzer

Keyword(s):

Platelet Count ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Platelet Function ◽

Immune Thrombocytopenia ◽

Steroid Treatment ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1 ◽

Normally Distributed

Abstract Abstract 3280 Background: Eltrombopag has recently been approved for treatment in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Studies on platelet function in eltrombopag-treated patients in comparison to steroid-treated or untreated ITP patients are not available. Objectives: To assess the function of eltrombopag-induced platelets, we compared platelets from eltrombopag-treated patients to those from ITP patients treated with steroids and a group of patients without treatment in a prospective study (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT00888901). Patients/Methods: We compared platelet function in patients treated with eltrombopag after treatment-induced platelet rise (group 1) to those under steroid treatment (group 2) and ITP patients without treatment (group 3) in a non-randomized prospective study. Platelet function was assessed by adhesion under high shear conditions (surface coverage, SC), P-selectin expression, and formation of platelet-monocyte aggregates (PMA) after treatment induced platelet rise or, in group 3, in patients with ITP without treatment and platelet count between 50–100×109/L at the time of inclusion. Data are given as median [quartiles]. Correlations of the outcome measures are described by the Spearman correlation coefficient. In case of normally distributed data, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and of covariance (ANCOVA) models and in case of non-normally distributed parameters the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare the groups Results: Eleven patients (female=9) were included in the treatment group with eltrombopag (group 1), thirteen (female=5) in the steroid treatment (group 2) and 6 patients as untreated controls (group 3). None of these patients developed severe bleeding during the study period, none received rescue medication. Four/30 patients were not included in the final analysis, three because they had no treatment induced platelet rise (1 on eltrombopag and 2 on steroids) and 1 because of aspirin medication. Thus, ten patients on eltrombopag, ten patients on steroid treatment and 6 untreated patients were evaluated in the comparative analyses of platelet function. Platelet counts [x109/L] were 48.25 [45.00–59.00] in group 1 after eltrombopag-induced platelet rise, 82.75 [78.50–112.00] in group 2 and 69.25 [65.00–73.00] in group 3. SC was highest in steroid-treated patients (11.25% [8.10–14.00%]) compared to eltrombopag-treated (5.80% [1.80–9.00%]) and untreated (5.03% [3.80–6.20%]) patients and correlated significantly with the platelet count (r=0.72, p<0.0001). There were no differences in P-selectin expression [GeoMFI] (1.15 [0.47–2.77] in group 1, 0.27 [0.10–0.99] in group 2 and 0.59 [0.47–1.44] in group 3; p=0.34) and PMA levels (6.19% [3.91–21.39%] in group 1, 9.73% [1.88–13.29%] in group 2, and 6.56% [4.82–8.43%] in group 3; p=0.93) between the groups. Two patients developed venous thromboses during eltrombopag treatment. No characteristic alteration of platelet function and activation was identified in those 2 patients when compared to the other eltrombopag-treated patients. Conclusions: We proofed a good functional competence of eltrombopag-induced platelets. No substantial hyper-reactivity of eltrombopag-induced platelets in comparison to those of steroid-treated and untreated patients was determined. Disclosures: Pabinger: GlaxoSmithKline: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Panzer:GlaxoSmithKline: Speakers Bureau.

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INFLUENCE OF THE LEVEL MILK PRODUCTIVITY OF MOTHER COWS ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF HOLSTEIN HEIFERS

Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy ◽

10.18286/1816-4501-2020-3-165-172 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 165-172

Author(s):

G.G. Karlikova ◽

◽

A.F. Conte ◽

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Milk Protein ◽

Milk Productivity ◽

Daily Growth ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Different Levels ◽

Group 1

The experiment is carried out on 3 groups of cows (1 - with productivity up to 7500 kg, 2 – from 7500 to 9000 kg and the 3rd group-9000 and above kg of milk for the previous lactation). Milk yield for 305 days of lactation of cows of group 3 averaged 9068 kg (P≤ 0,01), group 2-8682 (P≤ 0,05) and group 1 – 7940 kg of milk. Milk fat production in cows of group 3 - 369 kg (P≤ 0,05), group 2-351 and group 1 – 326 kg. The yield of milk protein from cows of group 3 is 285 kg (P≤ 0,01), group 2-270 (P≤ 0,05) and group 1-248 kg. A comparative analysis of the growth and development of heifers with mothers with different levels of productivity was carried out. At the 2nd month of growing, the weight of heifers of the 3rd group is 76 kg (P≤0,10), the 2nd - 72 kg (P≤0,10). The average daily growth of group 3 heifers at 6 months was 1244 g (P≤0,10), group 2 - 1127 and group 1-617 g.Group 3 Heifers at 9 months weighed 301,2 kg (P≤0,05), group 2 – 299,3 kg (P≤0,05). Heifers of group 3 at 12 months reached 380,6 kg (P≤0,05), group 2–378,5 (P≤0,05) and group 1 – 353,7 kg. The growth of experimental heifers of group 2 was 887,6 g (P≤0,05), group 3–829,6 and group 1 – 710 g per day. Monitoring of growth and development of heifers continues.

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The generation of visual inferences in normal elderly Influence of schooling and visual complexity

Dementia & Neuropsychologia ◽

10.1590/s1980-57642010dn40300194 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 194-201 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ariella Fornachari Ribeiro ◽

Maria Isabel d'Ávila Freitas ◽

Márcia Radanovic ◽

Letícia Lessa Mansur

Keyword(s):

Visual Complexity ◽

The Other ◽

Elderly Subjects ◽

Healthy Elderly ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Level Group ◽

Different Levels ◽

Healthy Elderly Subjects ◽

Group 1

Abstract The generation of inferences makes the construction and comprehension of discourse easier, and integrates representations which add coherence to the arguments. Visuoperceptual and inferential deficits merge in the attempt to explain the difficulties that some individuals have in the comprehension of certain kinds of visual stimuli. Objectives: a) To examine the performance of cognitively healthy elderly subjects in the execution of visual inferences using pictures of different levels of complexity; b) To compare the performance of subjects according to schooling level. Methods: A total of 45 normal elderly aged from 61 to 82yrs (M=68; SD=0.57) were examined. The subjects were divided into three groups according to schooling level: Group 1 (1 to 4 years); Group 2 (5 to 8 years) and Group 3 (9 or more years). Each subject had to create a narrative based on four figures with controlled visual complexity. The narratives were transcribed, analysed and scored. Results: For the essential inferences, the high educated group (3) had a better performance in both visually simple and complex conditions. On the visually complex figures, the medium educated group (2) was statistically equivalent to the high educated group for one figure and equivalent to the less educated group (1) for the other. There was no difference among the groups for the accessory propositions. Conclusions: Visual complexity interferes with the subject's ability to make inferences in low and medium educated individuals. High educated subjects maintain the same performance in making inferences, regardless of the visual complexity level.

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Plasma Citrulline as a Biomarker for Early Diagnosis of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants

American Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1713406 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nilima Jawale ◽

Mallory Prideaux ◽

Malavika Prasad ◽

Malki Miller ◽

Shantanu Rastogi

Keyword(s):

Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Plasma Citrulline ◽

Key Points ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Stage 1 ◽

Group 1

Objective Citrulline synthesized by healthy enterocytes and decreases with injury. This work aimed to study plasma citrulline concentrations (CITs) as a biomarker to differentiate among infants presenting with early nonspecific signs and symptoms of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) with those who will develop NEC. Further to study the correlation between posttreatment CIT with time to full feeds (TTFF) and length of stay (LOS). Study Design This is a prospective study which included infants < 32 weeks gestational age (GA) with 9 infants each in Group 1 (stage 2/3 NEC), Group 2 (with stage 1 NEC-like presentation), and Group 3 (healthy GA-matched infants). CIT was measured in Groups 1 and 2 within 24 hours of presentation and again in Group 1 after treatment. Results The three groups were similar in clinical characteristics. Median CIT (µmol/L) in Group 1 (15.4 [interquartile range, IQR: 7.3–18.0]) was lower than Group 2 (22.2 [IQR: 18.3–27.3], p = 0.02) and Group 3 (24.9 [IQR: 19.8–31.9], p = 0.009). Posttreatment CIT in Group 1 did not correlate with TTFF (r = 0.15; p = 0.69) and LOS (r = − 0.33; p = 0.38). Conclusion CIT was lower in infants with NEC as compared with healthy controls and those infants with nonspecific signs of NEC. CIT after treatment does not correlate with TTFF and LOS. Key Points

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A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating Motivationally Matched Pedometer Feedback to Increase Physical Activity Behavior in Older Adults

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.8.s2.s267 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (s2) ◽

pp. S267-S274 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Scott J. Strath ◽

Ann M. Swartz ◽

Sarah J. Parker ◽

Nora E. Miller ◽

Elizabeth K. Grimm ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Strategy ◽

Physical Activity Behavior ◽

Control Group ◽

Group 4 ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Background:Increasing physical activity (PA) levels in older adults represents an important public health challenge. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of combining individualized motivational messaging with pedometer walking step targets to increase PA in previously inactive and insufficiently active older adults.Methods:In this 12-week intervention study older adults were randomized to 1 of 4 study arms: Group 1—control; Group 2—pedometer 10,000 step goal; Group 3—pedometer step goal plus individualized motivational feedback; or Group 4—everything in Group 3 augmented with biweekly telephone feedback.Results:81 participants were randomized into the study, 61 participants completed the study with an average age of 63.8 ± 6.0 years. Group 1 did not differ in accumulated steps/day following the 12-week intervention compared with participants in Group 2. Participants in Groups 3 and 4 took on average 2159 (P < .001) and 2488 (P < .001) more steps/day, respectively, than those in Group 1 after the 12-week intervention.Conclusion:In this 12-week pilot randomized control trial, a pedometer feedback intervention partnered with individually matched motivational messaging was an effective intervention strategy to significantly increase PA behavior in previously inactive and insufficiently active older adults.

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Histopathological Features of Dental Pulp in Teeth with Different Levels of Chronic Periodontitis Severity

ISRN Dentistry ◽

10.5402/2012/271350 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elizangela Partata Zuza ◽

Ana Luiza Vanzato Carrareto ◽

Raphael Carlos Comelli Lia ◽

Juliana Rico Pires ◽

Benedicto Egbert Corrêa de Toledo

Keyword(s):

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Clinical Attachment Level ◽

Single Root ◽

Tooth Apex ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Attachment Level ◽

Different Levels ◽

Group 1

Purpose. To evaluate the histopathological condition of the pulp in teeth with different levels of chronic periodontitis in humans. Methods. Twenty-five single-root nondecayed teeth were divided into three groups as follows: group 1, clinical attachment level (CAL) 3 to 4 mm and alveolar bone loss (BL) from 4 to 6 mm without reaching the tooth apex; group 2, CAL≥5 mm and BL>6 mm without reaching the tooth apex; group 3, CAL≥5 mm and BL>6 mm up to the tooth apex. Histological analyses were accomplished after laboratorial processing. Results. The mean of CAL was 3.2±0.7 mm in group 1, 7.6±2.0 mm in group 2, and 12.1±2.8 mm in group 3, while for BL it was 4.8±0.9 mm, 7.6±2.2 mm, and 11.9±2.1 mm, respectively. Histopathological data in the pulpal chambers were similar among the three groups showing normal aspects, and, the radicular pulps showed variable levels of reactive dentin, fibrosis, dystrophic mineralizations, atrophy, and mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate. Conclusions. Gradual progression of the chronic periodontitis led to changes in the histopathological aspects of the radicular pulp with progressive involvement.

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