Effect of 1,3,5,8-tetrahydroxyxanthone on carcass characteristics and meat quality traits in pigs

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 991
Author(s):  
Hong-Bo Xiao ◽  
Fang Jun ◽  
Zhi-Liang Sun

Angiopoietin-like protein 3 (Angptl3) may promote adipose formation. The present study investigated the beneficial effect of 1,3,5,8-tetrahydroxyxanthone (Xan), a naturally occurring polyphenol agent, on carcass characteristics and meat quality in pigs and the mechanisms involved. Forty-eight Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire pigs (65.3 ± 7.8 kg) were randomly divided into four groups: control group, untreated high lipid diet (HLD) group and two groups of HLD with Xan (1 or 3%). Forty-two days later, Xan (1 or 3%) treatment significantly increased percentage lean, loin eye area, colour, expression and activity of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity and decreased percentage fat, backfat thickness, total cholesterol concentration, triglyceride concentration, and Angptl3 mRNA expression. The present results suggest that the beneficial effect of Xan on carcass characteristics and meat quality may be related to decreased expression of Angptl3 in pig.

Author(s):  
Arnab Banerjee ◽  
Debasmita Das ◽  
Rajarshi Paul ◽  
Sandipan Roy ◽  
Ankita Bhattacharjee ◽  
...  

AbstractBackgroundIn the present era, obesity is increasing rapidly, and high dietary intake of lipid could be a noteworthy risk factor for the occasion of obesity, as well as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, which is the independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. For a long time, high-lipid diet (HLD) in “fast food” is turning into part of our everyday life. So, we were interested in fulfilling the paucity of studies by means of preliminary evaluation of these three alternative doses of HLD on a rat model and elucidating the possible mechanism of these effects and divulging the most alarming dose.MethodsThirty-two rats were taken, and of these, 24 were fed with HLD in three distinctive compositions of edible coconut oil and vanaspati ghee in a ratio of 2:3, 3:2 and 1:1 (n = 8), orally through gavage at a dose of 10 mL/kg body weight for a period of 28 days, whereas the other eight were selected to comprise the control group.ResultsAfter completion of the experiment, followed by analysis of data it was revealed that hyperlipidemia with increased liver and cardiac marker enzymes, are associated with hepatocellular injury and cardiac damage. The data also supported increased proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). As oxidative stress parameter increased in both liver and heart, there is also an increased in TNF-α due to an increased expression of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase, which led to a high production of NO. Moreover, HLD treatment explicitly weakens reasonability of hepatocytes and cardiomyocytes conceivably through G0/G1 or S stage capture or perhaps by means of enlistment of sub-G0/G1 DNA fragmentation and a sign of apoptosis.ConclusionsBased on the outcomes, it tends to be inferred that consequences of the present examination uncovered HLD in combination of 2:3 applies most encouraging systemic damage by reactive oxygen species generation and hyperlipidemia and necroapoptosis of the liver and heart. Hence, outcome of this study may help to formulate health care strategy and warns about the food habit in universal population regarding the use of hydrogenated and saturated fats (vanaspati ghee) in diet.


2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (12) ◽  
pp. 815-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Bo Xiao ◽  
Zhi-Liang Sun ◽  
Xiang-Yang Lu ◽  
Da-Zhi Li ◽  
Jian-Ping Xu ◽  
...  

Previous investigations have shown that decreased expression of angiopoietin-like protein 3 (Angptl3) is protective against dyslipidemia in atherosclerosis. The present study was conducted to test the effect of 3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyxanthone, a xanthone compound, on dyslipidemia in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice. Forty mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 10): control group (C57BL/6J mice), ApoE−/− mice group, and two groups of ApoE−/− mice treated with 3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyxanthone (10 or 30 mg/kg per day). Eight weeks after treatment, lipid levels in the blood and liver, expression of hepatic Angptl3, and adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase (LPL) were determined. Treatment with 3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyxanthone (10 or 30 mg/kg) significantly decreased plasma and hepatic total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, increased plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and significantly downregulated expression of Angptl3 mRNA and protein concomitantly with upregulated expression of LPL mRNA. In addition, T0901317 (a liver X receptor ligand) caused elevated expression of hepatic Angptl3 mRNA and protein, and the effect of T0901317 was also abrogated by 3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyxanthone in vivo and in vitro. The present results suggest that the beneficial effect of 3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyxanthone on dyslipidemia may be related to reduced expression of Angptl3.


1975 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Brooks ◽  
D. J. A. Cole ◽  
W. J. N. Jennings

SUMMARYThe carcass characteristics of young adult female pigs (gilts) slaughtered after weaning their first litters have been investigated using three groups of 19 Landrace × (Landrace×Large White) gilts. In two treatment groups gilts were mated at their pubertal oestrus and suckled their piglets for 5 to 11 and 35 to 42 days respectively. These gilts were slaughtered on average 10 days after weaning. A third control group consisted of unmated gilts slaughtered at 118 kg live weight.There was no significant difference in the killing-out percentage for the three groups. The carcasses of the gilts which farrowed contained significantly less fat (P<0·001) than those of the unmated controls. The carcasses of the farrowed gilts had significantly lighter middle sections (P<0·001) and significantly heavier shoulders (P<0·001) than the controls.Despite the variations in tissue yield and distribution, the yield of prime joints for the gilts which had farrowed was only 0·62 percentage units less than that of the controls.No commercially significant variations between groups in meat quality were observed.


Author(s):  
G. M. Suliman ◽  
S. A. Babiker ◽  
H. M. Eichinger

This study investigated the effects of Hibiscus (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) seeds inclusion in diet of cattle. Fifty-five Sudan Baggara bulls were selected and divided into five treatment groups, and fed iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous experimental diets where groundnut cake was the source of protein in the control diet (0% Hibiscus seeds), while in the other experimental diets, Hibiscus seeds replaced groundnut at a rate of: 25, 50, 75, and 100%. The crude protein was significantly lower in the 100% group than in the control group, whereas muscle fat content was significantly lower in the 25, 75, and 100% groups than in the control group. There were no significant differences between the tested groups for the carcass linear measurements, but there were so for the redness and yellowness color components of the fat, water-holding capacity, and cooking loss. In conclusion, the growth performance and meat quality attributes of the cattle were improved as the level of Hibiscus seeds increased up to 75%, without any adverse effect.


2006 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 731-737
Author(s):  
M. Pla ◽  
M. Martínez ◽  
C. Cervera

AbstractThree hundred young rabbits were divided into three groups at weaning and given ad libitum a control diet (C), or an experimental diet in which 0·20 of control diet was substituted by maize ear (E) or by whole maize plant (P) in order to examine their effects on fattening rabbits performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality. No significant differences were found in live-weight gain (45 g/day) or in food intake between diets but food conversion ratio was higher in the P group (2·4 g dry matter (DM) per g gain) than in E group (2·2 g DM per g gain). The rate of mortality was similar in the three groups. No differences between groups on live weight (2152 g) or in the digestive tract weight (437 g) were found and the dressing yield was similar in the three groups. At constant carcass weight, the carcasses of rabbits of the P group had lesser lumbar circumference and higher length to circumference ratio (P<0·0001) than of the C or E groups. No differences were found in the weights of liver or thoracic viscera, but kidneys of rabbits of P group were lighter than of the C or E groups. No differences between groups were found in the weights of scapular fat, perirenal fat, forelegs or thoracic cage, but the loin of rabbits of P group was heavier (291 v. 286 g) than in the other groups. Meat of rabbits P had higher L* and b* parameters of colour and higher water-holding capacity (P=0·003) but the meat of rabbits of the control group had less lipids (31 v. 36 g/kg meat) and more moisture (739 v. 735 g/kg meat) than of the experimental groups. The proportion of protein was higher in E group than in P group. Intra and intermuscular fat of hind leg meat from rabbits ‘maize’ substituted was more monounsaturated than control rabbits (34·2 v. 32·5 g·100 g lipids) and had lesser saturated: monounsaturated ratio (1·2 v. 1·3) indicating a more desirable meat from a nutritional point of view, but had less n-3 fatty acid content. Loin meat of the rabbits given E and P diets seems more tender than one fed conventionally (10·4 v. 11·4 kg) and meat of the rabbits ‘whole maize plant’ had more grass flavour (P=0·009) which is a positive factor for acceptability of consumers.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira El Otmani ◽  
Youssef Chebli ◽  
Mouad Chentouf ◽  
Jean-Luc Hornick ◽  
Jean-François Cabaraux

Abstract Background The current study was carried out to evaluate the effect of olive cake and cactus cladodes incorporation on carcass characteristics and meat quality of goat kids.Methods Forty-eight male goat kids were divided into four groups. The control group received a conventional supplementation and the test groups were supplemented with a concentrate containing, on dry matter basis, 35% of olive cake (OC), 30% of cactus cladodes (CC), or 15% OC and 15% CC (OC+CC) respectively. After 3 months, all animals were slaughtered and the carcass quality was characterized. Samples of Longissimus dorsi and Semimembranosus were collected to determine meat quality.Results The diets did not affect final body weight and carcass characteristics, except for muscle index that decreases with 35% OC, and redness and yellowness at tail outline and belly (P < 0.05). The OC incorporation increased yellowness at tail and decreased redness at belly (P < 0.05), while the CC inclusion decreased redness at tail outline (P < 0.01), and redness (P < 0.05) and yellowness at belly (P < 0.01). Meat ultimate pH, color, moisture and tenderness were not affected by diets. In Longissimus dorsi, higher proteins (P < 0.001) and lower fat and ash (P < 0.05) content were observed with CC, and lower proteins content with OC and OC+CC (P < 0.001). In Semimembranosus, a low initial pH (P < 0.05) was observed with OC and high protein content (P < 0.001) with CC and OC+CC. Generally, groups, ratios, and indexes of fatty acids (FA) were similar between groups, except FA profile that was affected by diet, especially for Semimembranosus. In Longissimus dorsi, the OC and CC introduction decreased C16:1, and C20: 3n3 increased with CC and OC+CC (P < 0.05). While in Semimembranosus, OC increased C6, C8, C18:3n3, C20:2 and C22:2, whereas CC incorporation reduced C8, C10, and C15:1, and OC+CC reduced C10 (P < 0.05).Conclusions This study was shown that OC and CC could be introduced in goat kids’ diet, without a negative effect on carcass characteristics and meat quality.


Author(s):  
Е.Н. ПРАВДИНА ◽  
И.Ю. БЫСТРОВА ◽  
Е.А. КУВШИНОВА ◽  
И.В. КАПИТОШИНА

Проблема и цель. Целью исследований явилось изучение в условиях промышленной технологии новых методов повышения продуктивных качеств свиней за счёт использования высокопротеинового корма из сухой крови свиней. Методология. Для экспериментов методом сбалансированных групп были составлены 8 групп свиней в возрасте 28 дней, по 30 голов каждая. В ходе исследований проводили оценку роста молодняка, изучали мясные качества свиней и физические свойства мяса. При этом нами учитывались такие показатели как абсолютный и среднесуточный приросты, живая масса, убойная масса, убойный выход, площадь «мышечного глазка», толщина шпига, длинна туши, влагоудерживающая способность и цветность мяса. Результаты. В конце опытного периода животные всех опытных групп, получавшие с рационом сухую кровь свиней, превосходили по массе свиней соответствующих контрольных групп. По породе йоркшир – на 2,1 кг, по породе ландрас – на 3,1 кг, по породе дюрок – на 4,3 кг, по гибридной группе – на 2,8 кг. Наиболее высокими показателями мясных качеств характеризовались животные опытных групп. Так, свиньи порды йоркшир превосходили животных контрольной группы той же породы на 0,6 %, по породе ландрас – на 1,1 %, по породе дюрок – на 0,6 %, по гибридам – на 0,8 %. Более высокая влагоудерживающая способность была отмечена в мясе животных породы ландрас и гибридной группы – 57,2 % и 56,8 %. Показатель рН мышечной ткани животных опытных групп находился в пределах нормы. Цветность мяса свиней разных генотипов в результате скармливания сухой крови свиней повышалась. Заключение. Таким образом, включение в рационы свиней сухой крови свиней оказывает положительное влияние на рост животных и улучшает мясные качества свиней и физические показатели мяса. Problem and goal. The purpose of the research was to study new methods of increasing the productive qualities of pigs by using high-protein feed from dry pig blood in the conditions of industrial technology. Methodology. For the experiments, 8 groups of pigs aged 28 days, 30 heads each, were made up by the method of balanced groups. In the course of the research, the growth of young animals was evaluated, the meat qualities of pigs and the physical properties of meat were studied. At the same time, we took into account such indicators as absolute and average daily gains, live weight, slaughter weight, slaughter yield, the area of the "muscle eye", the thickness of the ham, the length of the carcass, the moisture-retaining ability and the color of the meat. Results. At the end of the experimental period, the animals of all experimental groups that received dry pig blood with the diet were superior in weight to the pigs of the corresponding control groups. For the Yorkshire breed - by 2.1 kg, for the Landrace breed - by 3.1 kg, for the Duroc breed - by 4.3 kg, for the hybrid group - by 2.8 kg. The animals of the experimental groups were characterized by the highest indicators of meat qualities, so Yorkshire pigs outperformed the animals of the control group of the same breed by 0.6 %, for the Landrace breed-by 1.1 %, for the Duroc breed – by 0.6%, for hybrids – by 0.8 %. Higher water-holding capacity was observed in the meat of Landrace and hybrid group animals – 57.2 % and 56.8 %. The pH of the muscle tissue of the experimental animals was within the normal range. The color of pig meat of diferent genotypes increased as a result of feeding dry pig blood. Conclusion. Thus, the inclusion of dry pig blood in the diets of pigs has a positive efect on the growth of animals and improves the meat quality of pigs and the physical performance of meat.


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-795
Author(s):  
Ouafa Laghouati ◽  
Fodil Arbouche ◽  
Yasmine Arbouche

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of essential oil of Lavandula stoechas (Lavender) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and health status of quails. Materials and Methods: A group of 600 1-day-old Japanese quail chicks (Coturnix japonica), with an average weight of 6.8±0.2 g and a 1:1 sex ratio, were randomly assigned to four groups (150 chicks/group): three experimental groups which depend on the incorporation of lavender oil (LO) in the different phases of breeding and one control group. The experimental groups received a supplement of 1 g LO per kg of feed distributed sequentially throughout the entire 42-day breeding period. Results: No deaths were recorded throughout the breeding period. Highly significant differences were observed among the groups with regard to body weight measured on day 20 and day 42 (p<0.001 and p<0.01, respectively). The addition of LO was accompanied by reductions in liver weights; furthermore, LO had a significant effect on the pH, water content, and fat content of the meat (p<0.05). Administration of LO had a measurable effect on the endogenous intestinal population of Lactobacillus, and the bacterial load (including those of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) was significantly reduced. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that supplementing quail feed with LO has a profound effect on their growth as well as antimicrobial effects.


2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. e0613
Author(s):  
Souha Tibaoui ◽  
Hadhami Hajji ◽  
Samir Smeti ◽  
Ilyes Mekki ◽  
Ines Essid ◽  
...  

Aim of study: Cull ewes are characterized by poor body condition, low body weights and tough meat texture. This work aimed to investigate the effect of distillated myrtle leaves (MDL) intake on body weight (BW) gain; carcass characteristics and meat quality of Barbarine cull ewes.Area of study: Northwest of TunisiaMaterial and methods: 27 Barbarine ewes were assigned into 3 groups receiving 500 g of oat hay and 750 g of concentrate control group (C), while they were given concentrate and pellets, containing 87% MDL, as substitute to hay in MHay group; for MConc group, they were fed hay, concentrate and pellets containing 30% MDL in partial substitution to concentrate. At the end of the fattening period (90 days), ewes were slaughtered.Main results: The dry matter intake was higher (p<0.05) for MConc and C groups. The average daily gain was significantly higher for C and MConc than MHay groups (113 and 107 vs. 87 g, respectively). Ewes fed MHay and MConc had a significantly lower feed conversion rate than Control group (12.5 vs. 15.4). Dietary treatment had no significant effect on carcass joint’s weight and proportions. The dressing percentage and carcass tissue composition were similar for all groups. The ultimate pH, water cooking loss and color parameters values were unaffected by the type of diet.Research highlights: These findings revealed that MDL could substitute, in ewes feeding, up to 87% to hay or up to 30% to concentrate without negative effects on body weight, carcass characteristics and meat quality.


2005 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Martínez ◽  
W. Motta ◽  
C. Cervera ◽  
M. Pla

AbstractOne hundred and thirty-two young rabbits were divided into two groups at weaning and given ad libitum a control diet (C), or an experimental diet (M) in which lucerne hay was substituted by mulberry leaves in order to examine their effects on fattening rabbit performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality.Digestibility coefficients of dry matter (DM), crude protein and gross energy were similar in both groups but digestibility of crude fibre in the experimental diet was higher in line with a lower food intake in this group of animals, while ether extract digestibility of mulberry leaves was very low.Food conversion ratio was similar in the two groups (3.1 g DM per g gain) but rabbits given the experimental diet had lower food intake (102 v. 144 g/day) and impaired live-weight gain. The rate of mortality was similar in the two groups. The substitution of lucerne with mulberry in the diet may have induced a higher retention time of digesta, as seems to be indicated by a higher weight of digestive tract contents recorded at slaughter (proportionately 0.32 more) in mulberry group. Live weight at slaughter of animals in control group was higher (2680 v. 2211 g) and also skin weight was proportionately 0.5 higher and its carcasses were proportionately 0.41 heavier than those of animals in experimental group (dressing yield 587 v. 503 g/kg). At constant carcass weight, the carcasses of rabbits of the mulberry group were longer than the lucerne group, but lumbar circumference tended also to be higher (P = 0.09) and no differences were found in the length: circumference ratio. No differences were found in the weights of kidneys or thoracic viscera, but livers of rabbits of the lucerne group were heavier (proportionately 0.3 heavier). The more remarkable difference was that carcasses of rabbits given the experimental diet had markedly less fat in scapular (5.8 v. 10.0 g) and perirenal fat (9.0 v. 22.3 g) deposits.No differences in cooking losses or water-holding capacity of the meat were found and also the colour was similar, but the b* parameter was a little lower for meat of the M group rabbits.The proportion of protein in the meat was the same for rabbits of the two groups, but rabbits given the experimental diet which had leaner carcasses also had leaner meat (19 v. 37 g lipids per kg meat) and a little more moisture (755 v. 736 g/kg meat). Intra and intermuscular fat of hindleg meat from rabbits of group M was less saturated and more unsaturated than that of the conventional rabbits mainly due to its higher proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids, ω6 (37·3 v. 29·1 g/100 g lipids) and ω3 (3·4 v. 2·2 g/ 100 g lipids). Polyunsaturated: saturated ratio was higher in the mulberry group than in the lucerne group (1·15 v. 0·85) indicating a more desirable value in rabbits given the experimental diet, so meat of these rabbits could be considered preferable for human nutrition from this point of view.


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