Comparative effects of powder, aqueous and methanolic extracts of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) on growth performance, antioxidant status, abdominal fat deposition and plasma lipids in broiler chickens

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood Habibian ◽  
Ghorbanali Sadeghi ◽  
Ahmad Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dietary Treatments

This study was performed to evaluate the comparative effects of dietary supplementation of dried purslane powder (PP), purslane aqueous extract (PAE) and purslane methanolic extract (PME) on performance, antioxidant status, carcass traits and selected plasma lipid parameters in broiler chickens. In total, 420 1-day-old male broiler chicks were divided into seven treatments for 49 days as follows: control (basal diet), basal diets plus 1500 or 3000 mg/kg of PP (PP1500 and PP3000 respectively), basal diets plus 150 or 300 mg/kg of PAE (PAE150 and PAE300 respectively) and basal diets plus 150 or 300 mg/kg of PME (PME150 and PME300 respectively). During the total period of the experiment (0–49 days of the experiment), birds receiving the PP3000 diet had higher (P < 0.05) bodyweight gain and a lower feed conversion ratio compared with those fed other diets. At 24 and 49 days of the experiment, birds receiving the PP3000 diet showed greater (P < 0.05) plasma and liver activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and lower (P < 0.05) plasma and liver levels of malondialdehyde compared with other dietary treatments. Additionally, at 24 days of the experiment, birds receiving the PP3000 diet had a greater (P < 0.05) liver catalase activity than those receiving other dietary treatments. In addition, groups receiving the PP1500, PAE300 or PME300 diets showed greater (P < 0.05) plasma and liver activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, as well as lower (P < 0.05) plasma and liver levels of malondialdehyde compared with the control group. At 24 days of the experiment, birds receiving the PP1500 or PP3000 diets showed greater (P < 0.05) jejunal activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase than other groups. At 49 days of the experiment, birds receiving the PP3000 diet showed greater (P < 0.05) jejunal activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase compared with the control group. Additionally, at both 24 and 49 days of the experiment, groups receiving the PP3000 diet had lower (P < 0.05) jejunal levels of malondialdehyde compared with the control group. At 49 days of the experiment, birds receiving the PP3000 diet had a lower (P < 0.05) relative weight of abdominal fat compared with those receiving the other dietary treatments. Moreover, groups that consumed the PP1500, PAE300 or PME300 diets showed lower (P < 0.05) relative weights of abdominal fat compared with the control group. Groups fed PP, PAE or PME treatments showed lower (P < 0.05) plasma levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and higher (P < 0.05) plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol than the control group at 24 and 49 days of the experiment, with the most pronounced effects observed in those receiving the PP3000 treatment. In conclusion, PP showed more beneficial effects than PAE and PME, and 3000 mg/kg was the best inclusion level of PP in broiler chicken diets.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary dihydropyridine supplementation on growth performance and lipid metabolism of broiler chickens

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 116-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.Y. Niu ◽  
F.Z. Liu ◽  
Y.N. Min ◽  
W.C. Li
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Control Group

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dihydropyridine supplementation on growth performance and lipid metabolism of broilers. A total of 480 one-day-old female Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly divided into four groups, each group had six replications of 20 birds. Each group was fed a maize-soybean meal diet supplemented with 0, 100, 200, 300 mg/kg dihydropyridine, respectively, for six weeks. At 42 days of age, body weight and feed intake were not affected by dihydropyridine, while feed efficiency was significantly increased by 8.4%, 15.0% and 12.0%, respectively (<I>P </I>&lt; 0.05). The percentage of abdominal fat and the percentage of liver fat were reduced by 24.5%, 25.9%, 23.3%, and 23.6%, 26.7%, 26.0%, respectively (<I>P </I>&lt; 0.05). The higher level of dietary dihydropyridine (200 or 300 mg/kg) increased the hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase activity in liver and abdominal fat (<I>P </I>&lt; 0.05). The lipoprotein lipase activity in abdominal fat was significantly decreased by dihydropyridine (<I>P </I>&lt; 0.05). The activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and malic dehydrogenase in liver was significantly reduced, whereas the isocitrate dehydrogenase activity in liver was not affected by dietary dihydropyridine. The content of cAMP was significantly increased by dihydropyridine, but malondialdehyde content was decreased (<I>P </I>&lt;&nbsp;0.05). Dihydropyridine at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg increased apolipoprotein B (<I>P </I>&lt; 0.05), but 300 mg/kg dihydropyridine had no effect on apolipoprotein B compared with the control group. Triiodothyronine was significantly increased by dietary dihydropyridine (<I>P </I>&lt; 0.05). There were no differences in apolipoprotein A, cholesterol, trigly-cerides, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, thyroxine and insulin among dietary treatments. It is concluded that supplementing dihydropyridine has a beneficial effect on feed efficiency and lipid metabolism of broilers, and that 200 mg/kg dihydropyridine supplementation is the optimum dose.

scholarly journals Effects of β-carotene on cell viability and antioxidant status of hepatocytes from chronically ethanol-fed rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suh-Ching Yang ◽  
Chi-Chang Huang ◽  
Jan-Show Chu ◽  
Jiun-Rong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Activities ◽  
Ethanol Group ◽  
Β Carotene

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of β-carotene on the cell viability and antioxidant status of hepatocytes from chronically ethanol-fed rats. Rats in the ethanol group were given an ethanol-containing liquid diet that provided 36% of total energy as ethanol, while rats in the control group were fed an isoenergetic diet without ethanol. After 4 weeks, hepatocytes were taken out and cultured for 24 h. Hepatocytes from the rats in the control and ethanol groups were cultured in medium without (HC, HE) or with β-carotene (HC+B, HE+B). The results showed that lactate dehydrogenase leakage was significantly increased in the HE compared with that in the HC group. However, lactate dehydrogenase leakage of the HE+B group was similar to that of the HC group. When compared with the HC group, activities of glutathione peroxidase and catalase in the HE group were significantly decreased by 54 and 31%, respectively. Catalase activity in the HE+B group was significantly increased by 61% compared with that in the HE group. However, activities of glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase showed no difference among the groups. The level of glutathione in the HC+B and HE+B groups was significantly increased to 155 and 143% compared with those in the HC and HE groups, respectively. The concentration of lipid peroxides showed no difference among the groups. The present results demonstrate that β-carotene improved the cell viability of hepatocytes, and increased catalase activities and glutathione levels in hepatocytes from chronically ethanol-fed rats.

scholarly journals Development of Cholesterol-Lowering and Detox Formulations Using Bentonite and Herbal Ingredients

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana Turgut ◽  
Murat Kartal ◽  
Esra Küpeli Akkol ◽  
İlker Demirbolat ◽  
Hakkı Taştan
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Grape Seed Extract ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Lowering

Detoxification enzymes involved in human metabolism works to minimize the potential xenobiotic-induced damage constantly. Studies have revealed that toxin accumulation plays an important role in the etiology of cardiovascular disease. This study has been designed to provide evidence of medicinal use of bentonite, turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), grape (Vitis vinifera L.) seed, flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.), and psyllium (Plantago ovata L.) as detoxification and cholesterol-lowering agents using a hypercholesterolemic model in mice. The potential hypocholesterolemic effects and detoxification ability of these ingredients were evaluated at the same time: Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, malondialdehyde, plasma total antioxidant activity, nitric acid, leptin levels and glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase and catalase values were measured. It was determined that GBTF group (grape seed extract, bentonite, turmeric, and flaxseed), GBTP group (grape seed extract, bentonite, turmeric, and psyllium), and GBT group (grape seed extract, bentonite, and turmeric) of the tested materials decreased the serum total cholesterol concentration by 64.8, 57.5, and 48.9%, respectively, in mice fed a high cholesterol diet. In addition, it was determined that some detoxification parameters such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase were statistically significantly reversed in GBTF, GBTP, and GBT groups. Flaxseed, psyllium, and bentonite clay did not show significant effects in reducing total cholesterol; however, GBTF, GBTP, and GBT groups interventions had a significant effect in reducing total cholesterol levels. Moreover, it was observed that adding flaxseed or psyllium to the GBT group increased the cholesterol-lowering effect. Therefore, it can be thought that this significant effect is due to the synergistic effect of the raw materials. When the results obtained were evaluated, it was seen that the cholesterol-lowering and detoxification effects of the combinations were higher than from the effect of natural material used alone. As a result, combinations of some of these ingredients have a positive effect on reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals ARE THE HAPTOGLOBİN LEVELS COMPARABLE TO THE ANTİOXİDANT STATUS LEVELS İN BİCYCLİNG?

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Sevsen Kulaksızoglu ◽  
Tolga Saka ◽  
Sibel Kulaksızoglu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: This study was designed to determine whether the haptoglobin levels are comparable to the antioxidant status levels. 40 athletes and 30 volunteers were enrolled in the study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Blood samples for serum malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS), haptoglobin, glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and lipoprotein (a) (Lip a) determinations were obtained before and after cyclists completed 300 km bicycle ride. RESULTS: Comparison of the results between the cyclists and control group yielded a signicant difference in serum levels of TG, VLDL-C and LDL-C (P<0.05). The cycling induced a signicant increase in HDL-C, VLDL-C, TG, MDA and TAS levels (P<0.001). Serum LDL-C and Lip a levels were greater before than after cycling (P<0.05). There was no signicant difference among precycling and postcycling haptoglobin levels, whereas the haptoglobin level in control group was signicantly higher than in the cyclists (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: The change in serum antioxidant and lipid levels due to physical activity must be explained as a consequence of the duration of exercise. Further studies are needed to demonstrate haptoglobin's possible role in decreasing oxidative stress during exercise.

scholarly journals Mitigation Effects of Vitamin C and E Against Copper Toxicity in Broiler Chickens, With Reference to Biochemical, Genotoxicity and Pathological Studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Hashem ◽  
Sahar Abd El Hamied ◽  
Eman Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Vit C

Abstract Copper (Cu) is necessary for biological utility, nevertheless when existing in abundance; it can produce plentiful injurious impacts. This enquiry was carried out to explore the efficiency of individual or combined doses of vitamin C (Vit C) and vitamin E (Vit E) in ameliorating some biochemical, genotoxicity and pathological changes in the liver of copper sulphate (CuSO 4 )-intoxicated chickens. One hundred- one day old broiler chicks were haphazardly divided into 5groups of 20 chicks each. The broilers were fed on basal diet only (control, gp.1 ) or supplemented with 300 mg CuSO 4 /kg diet (Cu, gp.2 ), CuSO 4 + 250 mg Vit C /kg diet (Cu+ Vit C, gp.3 ), CuSO 4 +250 mg Vit E /kg diet (Cu+ Vit E, gp.4 ) and both vitamins C + E (Cu+ Vit C+ Vit E, gp.5 ) for six weeks. The results displayed that CuSO 4 - intoxicated birds (gp.2) had significantly ( p<0.05 ) dwindled body weight, gain and feed consumption with increased feed conversion rate from week 2 till the 6 th week compared with control group. Serum aminotransferases (ALT, AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were significantly ( p<0.05 ) augmented in CuSO4- exposed group (gp.2) with significantly ( p<0.05 ) drop in serum total protein (TP), albumin, globulins, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C), and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels compared to control. Concomitantly, histopathological and DNA changes were perceived in liver of CuSO 4 -intoxicated birds. Co-supplementation of Vit C, and Vit E single-handedly or incorporation to CuSO 4 -intoxicated chickens displayed an enhancement in performance traits and abovementioned changes, especially with those given combination of vitamins. From the extant enquiry, it could be established that supplementation of vitamin C and E were beneficial for alleviation the harmful effects of CuSO 4 on performance and other studied parameters in broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Effect of Bamboo Leaf Extract on Antioxidant Status and Cholesterol Metabolism in Broiler Chickens

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 699
Author(s):  
Mingming Shen ◽  
Zechen Xie ◽  
Minghui Jia ◽  
Anqi Li ◽  
Hongli Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Density

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary bamboo leaf extract (BLE) on antioxidant status and cholesterol metabolism in broilers. One-day-old male Arbor Acres (576) broilers were randomly divided into six groups. A control group was fed a basal diet, while five experimental groups were supplemented with 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0g BLE per kg feed in their basal diets. The result indicated that BLE supplementation linearly improved eviscerated yield and decreased abdominal fat (p < 0.05). A significant decrease of serum triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) content was observed with BLE supplementation (p < 0.05). BLE supplementation linearly improved the total antioxidant capacity and catalase activity in both serum and liver (p < 0.05). Glutathione peroxidase was quadratically increased in serum and linearly increased in the liver with BLE supplementation (p < 0.05). The malonaldehyde content in liver showed a linear and quadratic decrease with BLE supplementation (p < 0.05). BLE supplementation up-regulated the mRNA expression of cholesterol 7- alpha hydroxylase and low-density lipoprotein receptor and downregulated 3-hydroxy3-methyl glutamates coenzyme A reductase mRNA expression in the liver. The antioxidant enzyme mRNA expressions were all up-regulated by BLE supplementation in the liver. In conclusion, supplemental BLE improved antioxidant status and cholesterol metabolism in broilers, which eventually led to a decrease of serum TG, LDL-c content, and abdominal fat deposition.

scholarly journals Serum biochemistry profile and liver function indices of broiler chickens served dietary inclusion of probiotics (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and enzyme

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 120-128
Author(s):  
F. U. Udeh ◽  
V. C. Udeh ◽  
P. Chukwudi
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dietary Treatments

As the use of antibiotics as growth promoters have been banned in different countries, researchers have been working hard to find alternatives to antibiotics, and also come up with other substances that can promote growth, health and productivity in broiler chickens. The study was conducted to evaluate the serum biochemistry of broiler chickens served dietary inclusion of probiotics (Saccharomyces cereviasae) and enzyme. One hundred and twenty, one day-old broiler chicks Ross strain were used for the study. The birds were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments. Each treatment contained 30 birds replicated three times to contain 10 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design experiment. The four dietary treatments were T1 Control (no probiotics and no enzyme), T2 (both probiotics and enzyme), T3 (Probiotics only) and T4 (Enzyme only). The probiotics and enzyme was included at 0.8% and 0.02%, respectively. The birds were given feed and water ad-libitum. The experiment lasted for eight weeks. At the end of the experimental period, three birds were randomly chosen from each replicate for serum biochemistry profiling and liver function test. The results showed that inclusion of probiotics and enzyme had significant effect (p<0.05) on the serum biochemistry profile and liver function indices. Low density lipoprotein was reduced from 3.83±0.60g/l in the control group to 2.18±0.12g/l in T2 (Probiotic and Enzyme) group. Lymphocytes values ranged from 26.00% to 38.00% in the treated groups, while the control had 45.67%. The dietary inclusion of probiotics and enzyme reduced total cholesterol from 5.07g/l to 4.22g/l and low density lipoprotein from 3.83g/l to 2.18g/l in the (probiotics and enzyme) treated group and also improved liver function indices of the broiler chickens. Aspartate aminotransferase, Alanine aminotransferase, Alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin had range values of 114.67 to 150.67 µl, (21.00 to 28.67 µl, 10.33 to 17.00 µl and 1.30 to 1.47mg/dl, respectively. It was therefore, concluded that combination of probiotics and enzyme should be included in broiler diets for immunity improvement, good liver function and reduction in cholesterol levels.   Depuis l'interdit de l'utilisation d'antibiotiques comme stimulateur de croissance dans différents pays, les chercheurs ont travaillé dur pour trouver des alternatives aux antibiotiques, ainsi que d'autres substances susceptibles de favoriser la croissance, la santé et la productivité des poulets de chair. L'étude a été menée pour évaluer la biochimie sérique des poulets de chair a servi d'inclusion alimentaire de probiotiques (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) et d'enzymes. Des poussins de chair Ross de cent vingt et un jours ont été utilisés pour l'étude. Les oiseaux ont été attribués au hasard à quatre traitements diététiques. Chaque traitement contenait 30 oiseaux répliqués trois fois pour contenir 10 oiseaux par réplica dans une expérience de conception complètement aléatoire. Les quatre traitements diététiques étaient le contrôle T1 (sans probiotiques et sans enzyme), T2 (probiotiques et enzyme), T3 (probiotiques uniquement) et T4 (enzyme uniquement). Les probiotiques et l'enzyme ont été inclus à 0,8% et 0,02%, respectivement. Les oiseaux ont reçu de la nourriture et de l'eau ad-libitum. L'expérience a duré huit semaines. À la fin de la période expérimentale, trois oiseaux ont été choisis au hasard dans chaque réplique pour le profilage de la biochimie sérique et le test de la fonction hépatique. Les résultats ont montré que l'inclusion de probiotiques et d'enzymes avait un effet significatif (p <0,05) sur le profil biochimique sérique et les indices de la fonction hépatique. Les lipoprotéines de basse densité ont été réduites de 3,83 ± 0,60 g / l dans le groupe témoin à 2,18 ± 0,12 g / l dans le groupe T2 (probiotique et enzyme). Les valeurs des lymphocytes variaient de 26,00% à 38,00% dans les groupes traités, tandis que le témoin en avait 45,67%. L'inclusion alimentaire de probiotiques et d'enzymes a réduit le cholestérol total de 5,07 g / l à 4,22 g / l et les lipoprotéines de basse densité de 3,83 g / l à 2,18 g / l dans le groupe traité (probiotiques et enzyme) et a également amélioré les indices de la fonction hépatique des poulets de chair. L'aspartate aminotransférase, l'alanine aminotransférase, la phosphatase alcaline et la bilirubine totale avaient des valeurs comprises entre 114,67 et 150,67 µl, (21,00 à 28,67 µl, 10,33 à 17,00 µl et 1,30 à 1,47 mg / dl, respectivement. Il a donc été conclu que l'association de probiotiques et d'enzyme doivent être inclus dans les régimes alimentaires pour poulets de chair pour l'amélioration de l'immunité, la bonne fonction hépatique et la réduction du taux de cholestérol.

State of the enzyme link of antioxidant protection in boys with hypoandrogenism

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
L. K. Parkhomenko ◽  
◽  
L. A. Strashok ◽  
S. I. Turchina ◽  
G. V. Kosovtsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Conjugated Dienes ◽  
Delayed Puberty ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Radical Oxidation

Recently, interest in the problem of free radical oxidation in biological membranes, which is directly related to both the normal functioning of cells and the occurrence, course and outcome of many pathological conditions, has increased again in clinical medicine. The aim was to determine the role and impact of antioxidant defense in boys with hypoandrogenism. The study involved 75 adolescents with hypoandrogenism aged 13–18 years, who underwent a complex of clinical and laboratory examinations. All patients were conducted complex of anthropometric research and determination of the degree of delayed puberty, laboratory and instrumental examination. Free radical oxidation was determined by the levels of malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes, carbonated proteins, superoxide dismutase and catalase in the serum, and restored glutathione and glutathione peroxidase in whole blood. Based on their determination, the coefficient of oxidative stress was calculated. Statistical processing of results was performed using parametric and nonparametric methods. The study of indicators of the free radical oxidation process found that adolescents with hypoandrogenism have multidirectional changes in the oxidation of proteins and lipids, namely: the level of conjugated dienes increases, the concentration of malondialdehyde remains at the level of the control group, and the level of carbonated proteins tends to decrease. As for the activity of antioxidant protection enzymes, a significant decrease in the level of glutathione peroxidase was detected, while the level of superoxide dismutase and catalase remained at the level of normative indicators. Oxidative stress accompanies and is one of the pathogenetic links in the formation or maintenance of the state of hypoandrogenism in boys. This requires the use of antioxidants, the complex of which must be selected individually.

Effect of dietary probiotic, antibiotic or combination on broiler performance, cecum microbial population and ileal development

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Ahmed Elbaz ◽  
Said El-sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Performance

Objective: To investigate the effect of antibiotics and/or probiotics on broiler performance, some serum metabolites, cecum microflora composition, and ileum histomorphology under the Egyptian conditions. Design: Randomized controlled experimental study. Animals: Two hundred forty 1-day-old Ross (308) chicks were reared till 35 days of age. Procedures: The birds were randomly allocated into four main groups: a control diet without additives (CON); probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus) supplemented diet (PRO); antibiotic (Avilamycin) supplemented diet (ANT) and a mix group (AP) that received antibiotic in the diet form 1 to 4 days of age and treated during the rest of the experimental period with probiotics. Results: Chickens fed on probiotic or antibiotic diets had linear improvement in live body weight (LBW) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared with the control group, while the best LBW and FCR were in the AP group. An improvement in the nutrient digestibility was observed in the probiotic added groups (PRO and AP). Serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol contents decreased when antimicrobial (probiotic or antibiotic) supplementations were used, while there was an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol contents, serum total protein, and albumin levels. Among all groups, cecum Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli counts decreased; however, there was an increase in Lactobacillus count compared to the control group. In probiotic supplemented groups (PRO and AP), a significant (P<0.05) improvement in ilea architecture. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Using probiotic after initial treatment with an antibiotic in broiler diets had a positive effect on broiler growth performance, gut health (improved cecum microbial populations and ileum histomorphology), and nutrient digestibility.

Tanshinone IIA Promotes Macrophage Cholesterol Efflux and Attenuates Atherosclerosis of apoE-/- Mice by Omentin-1/ABCA1 Pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 422-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-lin Tan ◽  
Han-xiao Ou ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Duo Gong ◽  
Zhen-wang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Cholesterol Efflux ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Tanshinone Iia ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Cellular Lipid ◽  
Oil Red O

Background: Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) and Omentin-1 have a protective role in the cardiovascular system. However, if and how Tan IIA and Omentin-1 regulate cholesterol metabolism in macrophages has not been fully elucidated. Objective: To investigate the possible mechanisms of Tan IIA and Omentin-1 on preventing macrophage cholesterol accumulation and atherosclerosis development. Methods: The effect of Tan IIA on the protein and mRNA levels of Omentin-1 and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) in macrophages was examined by Western blot and qRT-PCR assay, respectively. Cholesterol efflux was assessed by liquid scintillation counting (LSC). Cellular lipid droplet was measured by Oil Red O staining, and intracellular lipid content was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In addition, the serum lipid profile of apoE−/− mice was measured by enzymatic method. The size of atherosclerotic lesion areas and content of lipids and collagen in the aortic of apoE−/− mice were examined by Sudan IV, Oil-red O, and Masson staining, respectively. Results: Tan IIA up-regulated expression of Omentin-1 and ABCA1 in THP-1 macrophages, promoting ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux and consequently decreasing cellular lipid content. Consistently, Tan IIA increased reverse cholesterol transport in apoE−/− mice. Plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), ABCA1 expression and atherosclerotic plaque collagen content were increased while plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and atherosclerotic plaque sizes were reduced in Tan IIA-treated apoE−/− mice. These beneficial effects were, however, essentially blocked by knockdown of Omentin-1. Conclusion: Our results revealed that Tan IIA promotes cholesterol efflux and ameliorates lipid accumulation in macrophages most likely via the Omentin-1/ABCA1 pathway, reducing the development of aortic atherosclerosis.

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