Germination in Stylosanthes humilis Populations in the Presence of NaCl

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 717 ◽  
Author(s):  
MB Lovato ◽  
PS Martins ◽  
Filho JPD Lemos
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
North East ◽  
Germination Response ◽  
Stylosanthes Humilis

The germination response to NaCl treatments (0, 67, 134, 201 and 268 mol m-3) was investigated in 6 natural populations of Stylosanthes humilis from 3 ecogeographic regions of Pernambuco State, north-east Brazil. In general, salt tolerance was high, with percentage germination unaltered up to 67 mol m-3 NaCl in 2 populations and unaltered up to 134 mol m-3 NaCl in the remaining 4. The estimated concentration which reduced percentage germination to 50% varied between populations from 200 to 295 mol m-3 NaCl. Salt affected germination rate even more than it did the germination percentage, being altered at 67 mol m-3 NaCl in all populations. The germination rate was reduced to 50% in the range of 131-176 mol m-3 NaCl. There was a significant variation in salt tolerance between these natural populations, and no relation was found between salt tolerance of the populations and the aridity of their provenance.

scholarly journals Genetic variability in salt tolerance during germination of Stylosanthes humilis H.B.K. and association between salt tolerance and isozymes

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Bernadete Lovato ◽  
Paulo Sodero Martins
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Tropical Climate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Peroxidase Isozymes ◽  
Stylosanthes Humilis ◽  
Semi Arid

Variation in salt tolerance of six natural populations of Stylosanthes humilis from three ecogeographic regions, Mata (wet tropical climate), Agreste and Sertão (semi-arid tropical climate) of Pernambuco State, Northeast Brazil, was evaluated on germination in 201 mM NaCl. There were significant differences among families of all populations for germination percentage and of five populations (except Tamandaré, from Mata) for germination rate. Populations from semi-arid regions presented high coefficients of genetic variation, those from Agreste being higher than those from Sertão. Populations from Mata showed low coefficients of genetic variation. The coefficients of genotypic determination were high for five populations, except Tamandaré, both for germination percentage ( > or = 0.89) and for germination rate ( > or = 0.79), indicating the possibility of selection for salt tolerance in these populations. An electrophoretic analysis of esterase and peroxidase isozymes was also performed in the six populations, and correlations were estimated between salt tolerance and allelic frequencies. The analysis of salt tolerant and salt sensitive families of populations from Agreste suggested an association of alleles of a peroxidase locus with salt tolerance during germination in the Caruaru population

scholarly journals Thermal stress and physiological changes in watermelon seeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita de Cássia Barbosa da Silva ◽  
Marcelo do Nascimento Araujo ◽  
Fábio Luiz Santos Ornellas ◽  
Bárbara França Dantas
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Stress Protection ◽  
Evaluation Parameters ◽  
The Ideal

ABSTRACT Given that watermelon is a crop widespread around the world, there is considerable interest in verifying how its seeds physiologically behave under unfavorable temperature conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the biochemical changes mobilization and reserves degradation, as well as the enzyme activity, during seed germination and initial growth of watermelon seedlings subjected to thermal stress, using temperature, germination percentage, germination rate and relative germination frequency over the incubation time as evaluation parameters. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 5 x 3 factorial scheme, with five temperatures (17 ºC, 20 ºC, 25 ºC, 30 ºC and 35 ºC) and three cultivars (Charleston Gray, Fairfax and Crimson Sweet), with 4 replicates of 50 seeds. Germination, seedling growth, reserve degradation and stress protection system were evaluated. Thermal stress caused deleterious effects on watermelon seeds with germination capacity at well defined temperature limits, being 25 ºC the ideal temperature, with the highest percentage of normal seedlings. Sub- (17 ºC) and supra-optimal (30 ºC) temperatures presented more than 80 % of abnormal seedlings. The α-amylase enzyme activity is intense only at the beginning of germination. Under thermal stress, the proline contents increase mainly in the cotyledons.

scholarly journals Effects of cycocel priming on growth and early development of rapeseed under drought stress

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
Alireza Pourmohammad ◽  
Fariborz Shekari ◽  
Veeda Soltaniband
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Stress Control ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Third ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Abstract An experiment was concluded to evaluate the effects of priming on germination characteristics and establishment of rapeseed seedlings during three stages. In the first and second stages of experiment, the effects at three factors vis: cultivars (RVS, Hayola), waterdeficit stress (Control,-6 and -12 bar) and cycocel treatment (dry seeds, 300, 600, 900, 1200 and 1500 μM) on germination and seedling growth of plant were assayed. The results showed that priming had positive effects on germination percentage, germination rate index, germination index, and radicle length under water-deficit conditions. RVS had greater efficiency than other cultivars. The third section of experiment revealed that the priming of RVS seeds improved the stem, root and dry weight, total dry weight as well as leaf number and area of seedlings.

scholarly journals The Alleviation Effect of Silicon on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Tomato Under Salinity Stress

2012 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Haghighi ◽  
Zahra Afifipour ◽  
Maryam Mozafarian
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Tomato Seeds ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Mean Germination Time

The Alleviation Effect of Silicon on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Tomato Under Salinity StressThis study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of silicon (Si) application under salinity levels on seed germination and growth characteristics of tomato seeds. A laboratory experiment was performed on completely randomized design with two levels of salinity (25 and 50 mM NaCl) and 2 concentration of Si (1 and 2 mM) with 4 replications. Germination percentage, germination rate, seedling shoot and root length, fresh and dry weight of seedling and mean germination time was measured. Seed germination ofLycopersicon esculentumL. was significantly affected by salinity levels, Si and their interaction. Germination characteristics of tomato seeds decreased drastically by increasing NaCl concentrations. However, 1 mM Si had positive effects on seed germination characteristics and improved germination percentage, germination rate and mean germination time. Si alleviated the harmful effect of salinity stress on tomato seed germination at almost all germination characteristics.

scholarly journals Morphometry and Germination of Passovia pyrifolia, Struthanthus marginatus and Phoradendron mucronatum Diaspores

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M.L. AZEVEDO ◽  
C.G.G. SANTOS ◽  
C.S. CAIRES ◽  
J.C. ARAÚJO NETO ◽  
R.C. SOUZA
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Essential Characteristic ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT: The goal of this work was to characterize morphometrically diaspores from three species of mistletoes (Passovia pyrifolia, Struthanthus marginatus e Phoradendron mucronatum), as well as to study its germination behavior according to temperature and luminosity. In germination tests, the completely randomized design was used, in factor scheme 4 x 2, with 4 replications of 15 diaspores. The factors for the first test were different temperatures and two diaspore conditions (intact and without epicarp). In the second test, factors were different light qualities and two diaspore conditions. The analyzed variables were: germination percentage, germination rate index (GRI) and mean germination time (MGT). Mistletoe’s diaspores present an elliptic shape with viscin layer, an essential characteristic for the dispersion of the species. In addition to this, they present a distinction as for the moisture content when compared to the Loranthaceae and Viscaceae, where the latter presents the highest content. Germination is greater at the alternated temperature of 20-30 oC for P. pyrifolia and P. mucronatum diaspores and 20 oC for S. marginatus. Luminosity interfered in the germination of P. mucronatum and S. marginatus but did not influence P. pyrifolia. The diaspore condition influenced the germination of the three studied species, observing a significant increase in their germination when the epicarp was removed. Temperature and luminosity interfere directly in the GRI and MGT of the three mistletoes species.

scholarly journals Improving Germination Rate of Coastal Glehnia by Cold Stratification and Pericarp Removal

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 944
Author(s):  
Moon-Sun Yeom ◽  
Thi Kim Loan Nguyen ◽  
Ju-Sung Cho ◽  
Myung-Min Oh
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Breaking Dormancy ◽  
Glehnia Littoralis ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Germinating Seeds ◽  
Inhibited Water

The medicinal plant, coastal glehnia (Glehnia littoralis F. Schmidt ex Miq.), belongs to the Apiaceae, which is known to exhibit morpho-physiological seed dormancy (MPD). In this study, we aimed to determine the dormancy type of this plant, along with the conditions for breaking dormancy, and how to increase its germination rate for mass production. Initially, the seeds of coastal glehnia had undeveloped embryos, which gradually developed following cold (5 °C) stratification over eight weeks. The embryo to seed (E:S) ratio increased to 66.7%, confirming that the seeds had the MPD type. Coastal glehnia seeds with pericarp did not show inhibited water uptake, and the germination inhibitory chemicals were not detected. However, removal of the pericarp improved the final germination percentage, germination speed, and T50 of coastal glehnia seeds compared with those of seeds with pericarp at 20 °C, which showed the highest value compared with other temperature treatments. Thus, cold stratification at 5 °C for eight weeks and removing the pericarp of germinating seeds maintained at 20 °C is efficient ways to break dormancy and improve the germination rate for the mass production of coastal glehnia.

scholarly journals Determination of salt tolerance levels and genetic relationships of Vicia sativa cultivars using gene targeted functional markers

2022 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iskender Tiryaki ◽  
Nuray Isidogru
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Functional Markers ◽  
Vicia Sativa ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Common Vetch ◽  
Germination Stage

The objectives of the present study were to determine salt tolerance levels of 12 different common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) cultivars at germination stage in the presence of 250 mM NaCl and to reveal genetic relationships based on gene targeted functional markers (GTFMs) associated with salt tolerance. The results revealed the presence of a significant genetic variation among the cultivars although s alt stress significantly reduced all germination parameters tested. The cultivar Ozveren was the most salt tolerant with 20.1% reduction in final germination percentage compared to control seeds while cultivars Alınoglu, Ayaz and Bakir did not germinate. The maximum delays in germination rate (G50 = 3.78 days) and synchrony (G10-90 = 3.45 days) were obtained from the cultivars Urkmez and Ozveren, respectively. The GTFMs provided a total of 53.1% polymorphism. The primers of MtSOS2 gene gave the highest numbers of alleles per primer pair while the highest polymorphism rate (77.8%) was obtained from the MtP5CS gene. The first three components of principal component analysis explained 57.63% of total variation. This study concluded that the cultivars determined to be salt tolerant and sensitive at germination stage distributed into three main clades determined by UPGMA analysis while the GTFMs associated with salt tolerance successfully determined the genetic relationships of common vetch cultivars.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Addition on Selection of Germination Trait in an Alpine Meadow on the Tibet Plateau

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Liu ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Zhilong Zhang ◽  
Shiting Zhang ◽  
Carol C. Baskin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Alpine Meadow ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Addition ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Alpine Meadows ◽  
Environmental Filter ◽  
Germination Traits

Seed germination requirements may determine the kinds of habitat in which plants can survive. We tested the hypothesis that nitrogen (N) addition can change seed germination trait-environmental filter interactions and ultimately redistribute seed germination traits in alpine meadows. We determined the role of N addition on germination trait selection in an alpine meadow after N addition by combining a 3-year N addition experiment in an alpine meadow and laboratory germination experiments. At the species level, germination percentage, germination rate (speed) and breadth of temperature niche for germination (BTN) were positively related to survival of a species in the fertilized community. In addition, community-weighted means of germination percentage, germination rate, germination response to alternating temperature and BTN increased. However, germination response to wet-cold storage (cold stratification) and functional richness of germination traits was lower in alpine meadows with high-nitrogen addition than in those with no, low and medium N addition. Thus, N addition had a significant influence on environmental filter-germination trait interactions and generated a different set of germination traits in the alpine meadow. Further, the effect of N addition on germination trait selection by environmental filters was amount-dependent. Low and medium levels of N addition had less effect on redistribution of germination traits than the high level.

scholarly journals Interactive Influence of Location and Variety on Physiological Quality of Cowpea Seeds (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
F. E. Awosanmi ◽  
M. Ogunleye ◽  
G. O. Awosanmi ◽  
B. S. Olisa ◽  
S. A. Ajayi
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Cowpea Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality

The production environment plays a significant role in the production of high-quality seeds. Therefore, the knowledge of the relative contributions of the different factors that impact seed quality will be important for the management of seed production. The objective of this study was to assess the relative contribution of location and variety to the physiological quality of the cowpea seeds. Seeds of two varieties of cowpea, IT97K-918-118 and 977K-1499-35 were produced at three locations: Ikenne, Ilora, and Ballah. Hundred seed weight, seed moisture content, standard germination, accelerated ageing germination and electrical conductivity tests were carried out on the seeds. The results indicated that the location effect was highly significant (P<0.05) for hundred seed weight, germination percentage, germination rate index, accelerated ageing germination percentage and accelerated ageing germination rate index, while the varietal effect was highly significant for only hundred seed weight. However, location alone contributed more than 50% to the observed variability in hundred seed weight, germination percentage, germination rate index and accelerated ageing germination percentage. Seeds from Ballah had the highest viability (germination percentage = 84.67%) but also the lowest vigour (accelerated ageing germination = 11%; electrical conductivity = 64.10µscm-1g-1). Thus, the modulating effect of the environment on the quality of cowpea seeds is not the same for the different components of quality and the choice of location for the production of cowpea seeds should be given a higher priority than a choice of variety per se.

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