Morbidity and Mortality in the Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus).

1961 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
TC Backhouse ◽  
A Bolliger
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Cardiac Failure ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Primary Lesion ◽  
Blood Dyscrasia ◽  
Cystic Disease ◽  
Phascolarctos Cinereus ◽  
Suppurative Cholangitis

In all, 28 koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus), 26 of which had died exclusively of natural causes, were autopsied and in 21 of these a probable cause of death could be recognized. Different forms of pneumonia head the list of these causes with six cases, including two where the primary lesion was trauma. Hepatitis with suppurative cholangitis was observed in three instances. Cryptococcosis, an infection by the yeast Cryptococcus neoformans, was responsible for three deaths, and two forms of blood dyscrasia, i.e. lymphoblastic leukaemia, and an anaemia of unknown origin accounted for two more deaths. Cystic disease of the ovary was observed in six koalas, and in four cases was complicated by infection and was the main cause of death. Middle ear sepsis, ulcerative colitis, and cardiac failure associated with senility were seen once each. In the remaining seven cases the cause of death was indeterminate, though senility appeared to be the predisposing cause in two.

scholarly journals Primary versus Metastatic Gastrointestinal Melanoma: A Rare Case and Review of Current Literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malorie Simons ◽  
Jason Ferreira ◽  
Rashna Meunier ◽  
Steven Moss
Keyword(s):  
Current Literature ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Primary Lesion ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Gi Tract

Gastrointestinal (GI) melanomas are a rare diagnostic entity. Although there have been cases of melanomas solely in the GI tract, many debate their true origin: the gut versus a distant, undetected primary lesion that regressed known as melanoma of unknown primary. We present a case that involved diagnosing a GI melanoma and then backtracking to find a possible primary source. We review the most recent literature regarding possible etiologies of primary GI melanomas and how to differentiate whether it has a primary, metastatic, or unknown origin.

scholarly journals Pathomorphological features of clinical forms of ulcerative colitis in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
M.F. Denysova ◽  
T.D. Zadorozhna ◽  
N.Yu. Bukulova ◽  
T.М. Archakova
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Clinical Forms ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Histological Method ◽  
Intestine Mucosa ◽  
Mucous Barrier ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin

Background. Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown origin, characterized by a clinically recurrent course with periods of bloody diarrhea and pathomorpholo­gical-diffuse inflammatory process in the colon. The problem of ulcerative colitis requires further study of the clinical features of the disease, taking into account the localization, degree of activity of the inflammatory process, changes in the structure of the mucous membrane that will help increase the efficiency of ulcerative colitis diagnosis in childhood. Materials and methods. On the basis of clinical and statistical analysis of 116 case histories of children aged 4–18 years with ulcerative colitis, the features of its clinical forms — total, segmental and distal — were studied during the period of exacerbation of the disease. Four hundred and forty-five biopsy specimens obtained during colonoscopy were histologically examined. After biopsy sampling, specimens were fixed in 10% formalin and were processed according to the generally accepted histological method with section staining using hematoxylin-eosin and according to Van Gieson. Results. Changes in the architecto­nics of the large intestine mucosa, which reduce the resistance of the mucous barrier, as well as impaired blood supply — a factor in the development of hemic hypoxia — are significant for the mechanisms of ulcerative colitis exacerbation.

scholarly journals Disseminated Eosinophilic Collagen Disease

Blood ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAWRENCE E. PIERCE ◽  
ABDOL H. HOSSEINIAN ◽  
ANTHONY B. CONSTANTINE
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Cardiac Failure ◽  
Muscle Pain ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Collagen Disease ◽  
Blood Examination ◽  
European Literature ◽  
Normochromic Anemia ◽  
Bacterial Products

Abstract A patient with disseminated eosinophilic collagen disease as reported in the Scandanavian and European literature and perhaps described under various titles—such as eosinophilic leukemia, Loeffler’s syndrome, parietal endocarditis,16 and allergic granulomatosis17—is presented. The major clinical findings are dermal edema and erythema with pruritus and scaling; skeletal muscle pain, tenderness, and weakness; severe arthralgias and stiffness of small and weightbearing joints; hepatomegaly; and conspicuous lack of adenopathy. Blood examination shows normochromic anemia with intense neutrophilic leukocytosis and eosinophilia. Granulocytic leukemoid features eventually appear resembling chronic to subacute myelogenous or eosinophilic leukemia. Cardiac failure or infection is the usual cause of death. At autopsy there is generalized eosinophilic and neutrophilic with lesser mononuclear infiltrations of many organs, particularly the skin, myocardium, and skeletal muscle. The etiology is unknown. Environmental toxicities and hyperimmunity perhaps to drugs, bacterial products, or sustained autoantigenic stimuli are suggested possible explanations. Corticosteroids afford some symptomatic stabilization but the disease pursues a persistent downhill course.

Patients with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) or High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome (HR-MDS) Treated with Targeted Therapy May Benefit from Prophylactic Measures Against Infections.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 4483-4483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria N. Mattiuzzi ◽  
Jorge E. Cortes ◽  
Stefan Faderl ◽  
Maria E. Cabanillas ◽  
Francis J. Giles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Supportive Care ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Overall Response ◽  
Prophylactic Measures

Abstract Targeted therapy (TT) has emerged as an alternative for patients (pts) 60 years or older with hematologic malignancies. It has been suggested that these approaches produce fewer and less severe side effects than conventional chemotherapy (CC) and could potentially decrease mortality. In the current study, pts with AML or HR-MDS treated with TT and CC were compared with regard to infectious complications and induction mortality. Supportive care measures for pts on CC were given according to our departmental guidelines (protective environment (PE) was offered and antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral prophylaxis were given from D1 to ANC ≥ 500). Pts on TT were given supportive care measures according to protocol requirements. HR-MDS pts: 29 pts were treated with TT and 13 with CC. Pts on TT were significantly older than those on CC (median age: 66(r: 46–85) and 59(r: 17–73) respectively, p=0.02). All 42 pts (TT and CC) had Zubrod performance status (PS) ≤ 2. 16/29 (90%) pts on TT received Decitabine; 2 pts received 5-AZA containing regimens and 1 pt received rosiglitazone + targetrin. Nine pts (69%) on CC had high-dose ara-C (HDAC) containing regimens; 1 pt received cloretazine + hydrea and 3 pts had low-dose ara-C (LDAC) + clofarabine. AML pts: 43 pts were treated with TT and 282 received CC. Pts on TT were significantly older than those on CC (median age: 75(r: 39–86) and 62(r: 17–84) respectively, p<0.001). The majority of the pts in TT (91%) and CC (97%) had PS ≤ 2. Decitabine was given to 40% (17/43) of pts on TT, 25% received 5-AZA containing regimens, 35% had others. HDAC containing regimens were given to 60% of pts on CC and clofarabine and/or LDAC to 40%. Table 1 and 2 show outcome and infectious episodes (IE) in pts with MDS and AML, respectively. Conclusions: Although pts with AML or HR-MDS treated with TT develop significantly fewer number of IE compared to pts treated with CC the severity of such infections lead to similar mortality rate than pts treated with CC. Pts treated with TT may benefit from prophylactic measures against infections. Table 1 Outcome in MDS TT (N=29) CC (N=13) 12 aspergillosis, 1 MRSA sepsis; 2p=ns Response, n(%) Overall response 18(62) 8(61) Resistant 8(28) 4(31) Induction death 3(10) 1(8) p=0.787 Cause of Death, n(%) Infections 3(100)1 - Progressive disease - 1(100) Pts on prophylaxis, n(%) Fungal 11(38) 12(92) p=0.001 Bacterial 19(66) 9(69) p=0.810 Pts in PE, n(%) 0 10(77) p<0.001 Pts with IE, n(%) 15(52) 11(85) p=0.042 IE2, n(%) 19 14 Bacterial 5(26) 2(14) FUO 8(42) 9(64) Pneumonia unknown origin 2(11) 3(21) Fungal 2(11) 0 Others 2(11) 0 Table 2 Outcome in AML TT (N=43) CC(N=282) 1TT:sepsis=5, CC:fungal=4, sepsis=16; 2multiorgan failure; 3p=ns Response, n(%) Overall response 12(28) 180(64) Resistant 27(58) 67(24) Induction death 6(14) 35(12) p=0.779 Cause of death, n(%) Infection1 5(83) 20(57) MOF2 1(14) 7(20) Others - 8(23) Pts on prophylaxis, n(%) Fungal 16(37) 260(92) p=0.001 Bacterial 24(56) 282(100) p=0.001 Pts in PE, n(%) 6(14) 214(76) p<0.001 Pts with IE, n(%) 22(51) 247(88) p<0.001 IE3, n(%) 31 405 Bacterial 7(22) 88(22) FUO 13(42) 202(50) Pneumonia unknown origin 6(19) 93(23) Fungal 1(3) 10(2) Virus 2(6) 6(1) Others 2(6) 6(1)

scholarly journals A Case of Hilar Lymph Node Small Cell Carcinoma of Unknown Origin Found as a 2.5-mm Primary Lesion in a Right Upper Lobe by a Thorough Macroscopic Observation

Haigan ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Shu Tanizawa ◽  
Jun Miyagi ◽  
Yui Naha ◽  
Teruhito Uchihara ◽  
Morikazu Akamine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Primary Lesion ◽  
Hilar Lymph Node ◽  
Macroscopic Observation

scholarly journals Diagnostic challenges in gastric adenocarcinoma: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 96-98
Author(s):  
Trudy Hong
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cardiac Failure ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Aged Patient ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Occam’S Razor ◽  
Occult Malignancy ◽  
Underlying Pathology ◽  
Fluid Cytology ◽  
Occam's Razor

Occam’s razor dictates that the simplest diagnosis is usually the correct one. In ascites of unknown origin, the top differentials must include cirrhosis, malignancy and cardiac failure. Investigations such as ascitic fluid cytology and computed tomography can help identify the underlying pathology, however, these investigations do not have perfect specificity and sensitivity. Thus, “normal” investigations cannot be used to completely dismiss important differentials. In a middle-aged patient with no evidence of cirrhosis or cardiac failure, Occam’s razor suggests that a surgeon thoroughly consider and definitively exclude an occult malignancy prior to removing it from the list of differentials.

Crohn's Disease in Children

1981 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 239-244
Author(s):  
Joyce D. Gryboski
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Perianal Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Once considered rare in children, Crohn's disease (CD) is being recognized with increasing frequency.1-3 This is due not only to physical awareness but to an alarming increase in the incidence of the disease in young people. Although early descriptions of CD localized the site of involvement to the terminal ileum, it is now recognized that all organs of the alimentary tract may be affected, and in some unfortunate patients involvement extends proximally as far as the stomach, esophagus, or oropharynx and distally, to involve even perianal tissue. Unlike ulcerative colitis which is rather clear-cut in its presentation, CD is often insidious with solitary symptoms of anorexia, weight loss, short stature, or fever of unknown origin being its only manifestation. The presenting symptoms and longterm course vary with the site of disease, and although each patient must be evaluated and treated individually, some overall predictions may be offered as to the victim's future quality of life.4-6 Significant advances have been made during the last decade in understanding the pathophysiology of the disease and in methods of its treatment, although as yet the etiology remains to be defined. Although CD has many features in common with ulcerative colitis and the two are often combined in the terminology, "inflammatory bowel disease," the pathologic findings, course, and complications are distinctive enough that they should be considered as two distinct diseases.

scholarly journals Unusual Manifestation of Ulcerative Colitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amna Basheer M. Ahmed ◽  
Badr M. Rasheed Alsaleem
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Rheumatic Manifestations ◽  
Multifocal Osteomyelitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Chronic Multifocal Osteomyelitis ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is understood as extraintestinal rheumatic manifestations. CRMO is a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, noninfectious disorder of the skeletal system of unknown origin. The disease course is not always recurrent. The association of CRMO and ulcerative colitis (UC) is very rarely reported. We report a case of a 10-year-old Saudi female who was diagnosed with CRMO, when she developed fever in association with left foot pain, and ulcerative colitis was confirmed endoscopically and histologically based on a previous settled diarrheal illness and severe iron deficiency anemia which required blood. Both conditions responded well to IBD therapy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of chronic, multifocal osteomyelitis associated with pediatric UC in Saudi Arabia. This report supports the use of IBD therapy in treating CRMO.

scholarly journals Primary Enteric-Type Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Urethra in a Patient With Ulcerative Colitis

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Dimitroulis ◽  
Dimitrios Patsouras ◽  
Athanasios Katsargyris ◽  
Petros Charalampoudis ◽  
Ioannis Anastasiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Mucinous Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Pelvic Exenteration ◽  
Rectal Stump ◽  
Pelvic Mass ◽  
Primary Lesion ◽  
Lesion Site ◽  
Male Urethra ◽  
History Of ◽  
Patient’S History

Abstract Primary carcinoma of the male urethra accounts for less than 1% of malignancies in men. Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the urethra is extremely rare, and its biologic behavior is poorly understood. We present herein a rare case of mucinous urethral adenocarcinoma in a male patient with longstanding ulcerative colitis and multiple sclerosis. The patient presented with a voluminous pelvic mass; core biopsy of the lesion demonstrated a mucus-producing adenocarcinoma. Given the patient's history of subtotal colectomy, preoperative diagnosis was oriented towards a rectal stump adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent a pelvic exenteration: surprisingly, histology marked the prostatic urethra as the primary lesion site.

scholarly journals Current status of inflammatory bowel diseases in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 572-577
Author(s):  
Suk-Kyun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Intestinal Tuberculosis ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Asian Patients ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Infectious Enterocolitis

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a disease of unknown origin that causes chronic inflammation of the intestines and is classified as either ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease. The incidence and prevalence of IBD in Korea have been rapidly increasing during the past three decades. This paper describes the current status of IBD in Korea.Current Concepts: Compared with western countries, genotypes and phenotypes of IBD in Korea demonstrate some distinct features, which may have an impact on the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of IBD. We continue to experience some difficulties in making early and accurate diagnoses of IBD in Korea due to a low awareness of the disease and the high prevalence of infectious enterocolitis, such as intestinal tuberculosis, which needs to be differentiated from IBD. The treatment of IBD can be influenced by differences in genetic, environmental, and social factors. NUDT15 variants limit the use of thiopurines. Infectious diseases, including tuberculosis, hepatitis B, and cytomegalovirus colitis, are usually more common in Asia than in western countries and can adversely influence the management of IBD. Biologic agents, which have changed the treatment paradigm of IBD, are equally efficacious in Asian patients as in Western patients. However, their use is limited due to a strict Korean government health insurance reimbursement policy. The prognosis of ulcerative colitis in Korea may be better than that in western countries, as indicated by a lower colectomy rate. However, this difference is less distinct in Crohn’s disease.Discussion and Conclusion: IBD in Korea differs from that in western countries in many respects. With rapid increase in the prevalence of IBD in Korea, medical costs for IBD are expected to become a significant financial burden. Koreans need to be prepared for this eventuality.

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