Seed production and grow-out of walking catfish (Clarias macrocephalus).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Khanh Pham
Keyword(s):  
Stocking Density ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
Trash Fish ◽  
Earthen Ponds ◽  
Clarias Macrocephalus ◽  
Gravid Females ◽  
Supplementary Feed ◽  
Marketable Size ◽  
By Products

Abstract Ponds for catfish broodstock range in size from 500 to 1,000 m2, with a depth of 1-1.2 m. The stocking density of broodstock ranges from 0.2 to 0.3 kg m-2. The catfish are fed with fresh feeds such as snails, small prawns and trash fish. Farm-made feeds are also used for feeding. In the artificial spawning process, the ripe eggs are obtained by gently pressing the abdomen of the gravid females. The testis from the male has to be taken out from the fish to fertilize the eggs. The fertilized eggs are spread on the surface of a net in running water for incubation and hatching will occur in 22-24 hours. Nursing from fry to fingerlings is carried out in earthen ponds, which range in size from 500 to 1,000 m2 at a density of 200-500 fish m-2. Natural feed is cultured in the pond before stocking the fry for nursing. Supplementary feed, which is homemade, is also given during the nursing period. The fish reach 3.5-5.0 cm after 25-30 days of nursing. For grow-out ponds that range in size from 500 to 1,000 m2, stocking density is from 25 to 30 fish m-2. The fish are fed with trash fish, small prawns, snails, slaughterhouse by-products and commercial feed pellets. Fish reach marketable size of 350-400 g, or above, after 7-8 months of culture.

Seed production and grow-out of sand goby (Oxyeleotris marmoratus) in Vietnam.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Khanh Pham
Keyword(s):  
Water Exchange ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Sand Goby ◽  
Fresh Food ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Marketable Size ◽  
Oxyeleotris Marmoratus ◽  
By Products

Abstract Pond area for broodfish ranges from 500 to 1,000 m2 with a depth of 1-1.2 m. Broodfish density ranges from 0.2 to 0.3 kg m-2. Fresh food such as snails, small prawns and fish are used to feed broodfish at a feeding rate of 3.5% of total body weight per day. Water exchange is done periodically at 20-30% of total volume per time. Sticky eggs of sand goby adhere to substrates. Hatching takes place 22-48 hours after fertilization. A suitable temperature is 28-29°C and pH at 6.5-7.5. Nursing fry to fingerlings is carried out in ponds at a stocking density of 300-500 fish m-2. After nursing for 50-60 days, they can reach the size of 3 cm. Large fingerlings of 15-30 g are obtained after at least 3 months of nursing. Continuing nursing up to 5-6 months gives larger fingerlings (60-80 g) for grow-out. Stocking density is 5-10 fish m-2 in grow-out ponds and 30-40 fish m-2 in cages. Fish, small prawns, snails and by-products from slaughterhouses are used to feed the fish. They can reach a marketable size of 500 g or more after 6-7 months of culture.

scholarly journals Intensification of “mola” (Amblypharyngodon mola) culture in homestead ponds

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
SN Mona ◽  
S Sultana ◽  
KK Ahmed ◽  
N Khan ◽  
KA Huq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Culture Period ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Supplementary Feed ◽  
By Products ◽  
Indigenous Fish Species

The research was carried out with small indigenous fish species (SIS) named mola (Amblypharyngadan mola) in monoculture system to intensify production in farmers’ homestead ponds with 50% household women involvement during June to December, 2016. Brood mola was stocked at the rate of 2, 4 and 6 m-2 with three replications in each treatment. Supplementary feed (27.1% protein) consisted of commonly available agricultural by-products was provided daily at the rate of 2% of the total biomass along with natural feed as mola is planktivorous species. Seven different water quality parameters were measured fortnightly and found within cultivable range. Gross production of mola were obtained 520.59±23.4, 599.06±258.87, 1063.94±42.87 kg ha-1 from T1, T2 and T3, respectively after 4 months’ culture period. The yield of T3 was significantly greater (P < 0.05) than T1 and T2. The highest gross production was obtained in T3 where stocking density was 6 brood mola m-2. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 9(2): 23-29, December 2019

Cost-effectiveness, feed utilization and body composition of african sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822) fingerlings fed locally formulated and commercial pelleted diets in tarpaulin tanks

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-52
Author(s):  
O.E. Afia ◽  
G.S. David
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
African Sharptooth Catfish

Cost-effectiveness, food utilization and proximate composition of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed locally formulated (sinking) and commercial (floating) diets in tarpaulin tanks were observed for 56 days. Ninety (90) C. gariepinus fingerlings with initial mean weight (72.99 g ± 3.09) per treatment were observed during the period with three replicates at a stocking density of 15 fish per m2. The fish were fed 5% body weight three times daily. Results showed that C. gariepinus fingerlings fed floating diet had significantly lower (p<0.05) feed conversion ratio (0.83 ± 0.03) than sinking diet (3.23 ± 0.40). Protein efficiency ratio was significantly (p<0.05) higher in fish fed commercial diet (2.69 ± 0.09) than locally formulated (0.80 ± 0.11). Specific growth rate was significantly (p<0.05) higher in floating (3.29 ± 0.07) than sinking diet (0.97 ± 0.20). Incidence cost was lower (₦1,989.65) in fish fed commercial diet than locally formulated (₦3,819.63). The profit index was higher in C. gariepinus fed floating diet (0.74) than sinking (0.19). From these findings, floating (commercial) feed is recommended for feeding C. gariepinus fingerlings since it showed better food utilization, better proximate composition of the carcass, higher profit index and consequently lower incidence cost.Keywords: Clarias gariepinus, cost-effectiveness, sinking feed, floating feed, incidence cost.

Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) in ponds and cages in China.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yi ◽  
Zong-wen Wu
Keyword(s):  
Grass Carp ◽  
Ctenopharyngodon Idella ◽  
Mixed Feed ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon Idella ◽  
Supplementary Feed ◽  
Pellet Feed ◽  
Stocking Rates ◽  
Male To Female

Abstract In China, broodstock conditioning of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) is conducted in earthen ponds at a density of 2,250 - 3,000 kg ha-1 and at a male to female ratio of 1:1 or 1:1.25. Vegetation such as duckweed and rye grass and small amounts of farm-made or commercial feed are given. Nursing from fry to fingerlings (early nursing) is done in nursery ponds at a density of 1,500,000 - 2,250,000 fish ha-1 (150-225 m-2). After nursing for 20-30 days, the fish reach 3-4 cm in length and are released into fingerling nursery ponds for advanced nursing. Fingerlings are stocked in fingerling nursery ponds at a density of 3,250-4,000 fingerlings ha-1 (0.325-0.40 m-2). The main feed is pellet feed and grass. After 6 months of culture, the fish can reach 800 g. Then they are released into grow-out ponds or cages. Stocking rates for ponds are 1,650-2,000 fish ha-1 (0.165-0.20 m-2) and 50-80 fish m-2 for cages. Mixed feed is used as the main feed and grass is given as supplementary feed. The fish can reach 1.5-2.0 kg in 1 year and 3.5-5.0 kg in 2 years.

scholarly journals Potentiality of Periphyton-based Aquaculture Technology in Rice-fish Environment

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 624-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Saikia ◽  
D. N. Das
Keyword(s):  
Common Carp ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Fish Culture ◽  
Arunachal Pradesh ◽  
Gut Content ◽  
Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Feed Source ◽  
Rice Fish ◽  
Supplementary Feed

Periphyton is being used traditionally as rich aquatic feed for fishes throughout the countries like Cambodia, West Africa, Srilanka, India and Bangladesh. In waterlogged rice environment, it can be judiciously utilized as feed source introducing periphytophagous fish. Studies supported rice straw as suitable substrate for periphyton growth. The study of gut content of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) from a periphyton-based rice-fish culture system in Apatani Plateau of Arunachal Pradesh, India showed maximum of 60 genera of microflora and fauna with periphytic in nature. The farmers from this rice-fish culture practice are gaining an average fish production of 500kg ha-1 180 day-1 without employing any supplementary feed. Better selection and determination of appropriate stocking density of periphytophagous fish in waterlogged rice-fields might extend the rice-fish culture towards a sustainable and self-substrating periphyton based aquaculture (SSPBA) practice. Keywords: Periphyton; Sustainable agriculture; Rice-fish; Self-substrating; Common carp; Apatani plateau. © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2114              J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 624-634 (2009) 

Laju Pertumbuhan Ikan Kerapu Bebek Cromileptes altivelis yang Dipelihara dalam Keramba Jaring Apung

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safar Dody ◽  
Dinawanti La Rae
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Water Clarity ◽  
Trash Fish ◽  
Absolute Growth ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Net Cages

<strong>Growth Rate of Humpback Grouper Cromileptes altivelis Cultured in Floating Net Cages.</strong> Humpback Grouper <em>Cromileptes altivelis</em> fish farming has good opportunities in the future, although still experiencing problems in its cultivation. One of the parameters that needs to be considered is the stocking density associated with the cage area. The purpose of this study was to determine the appropriate stocking density to generate optimum growth of Humpback Grouper cultivated in floating net cages. The study was conducted using the experimental method with 3 treatments and 3 replications. There were 9 cages used with the size of 1 x 1 x 1.5 m3 and a mesh size of 0.5 inches. The study was conducted in the waters of Banda Neira, Maluku, with the condition of the waters during the experiment, such as salinity which ranged from 33.2 to 34.6‰, water temperature ranged from 25 to 31°C, pH ranged from 7 to7.5, current speed 0.32–3.97cm/s, and water clarity was 14.29 to 20 m. The feed was trash fish given twice a day, in the morning and afternoon as much as 10% of total body weight of fish. After 4 months of cultivation, the absolute growth was best demonstrated by the treatment with stocking density of 25 fish/cage, which was 18.22 g, while the lowest (13.25 g) was shown by the treatment with stocking density of 75 fish/cage. The specific growth rate in the treatment of 25 fish/cage reached 1.34%/day, while the treatment of 50 fish/cage and 75 fish/cage reached 1.18%/day and 0.97%/day respectively.<br /><br /><br />

Development of techniques for the large-scale rearing of the larvae of the Australian freshwater fish golden perch, Macquaria ambigua (Richardson, 1845)

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
SJ Rowland
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Positive Linear Relationship ◽  
Zooplankton Density ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Earthen Ponds ◽  
Breeding Seasons ◽  
Australian Freshwater

Experiments were conducted over four consecutive breeding seasons. Golden perch, Macquaria ambigua, larvae (total length, 5.0 mm) held at 23� to 25�C, commenced feeding on crustacean zooplankton (<350 pm in length) five days after hatching, at age D6 (D1 = day of hatch). Zooplankton density had a significant effect (P < 0.01) on the survival of larvae in 70-L aquaria. A delay of only two days to age D8 in initial feeding significantly reduced (P < 0.01) survival, and larvae not offered zooplankton until D10 did not commence feeding. There was a positive linear relationship (r2 = 0.98) between survival in earthen ponds (0-57.6%) and the volume of small zooplankton sampled from the ponds at stocking, but survival was not affected by larval stocking density (32-365 m-2) or length of the culture period (28-53 days). A mean survival of 44.6% in ponds that were left dry over winter and then stocked 10-14 days after filling, was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than survival in ponds stocked only 2-5 days after filling or in ponds inundated during winter. Survival, growth and production were not significantly different among ponds fertilized with inorganic fertilizer (NPK) alone or in combination with lucerne hay or poultry manure. Larvae grew at rates of 0.5-1.1 mm day-1, production rates were up to 153 kg ha-1 and a maximum number of 271 000 juveniles were reared in a 0.3 ha pond. Approximately 3 × 106 golden perch are produced annually at hatcheries in eastern Australia using techniques developed during this study.

scholarly journals DAYA RAMBAN (GRAZING) IKAN BARONANG (SIGANUS GUTTATUS) YANG DIPELIHARA DENGAN RUMPUT LAUT KAPPAPHYCUS ALVAREZII DI PERAIRAN TANJUNG TIRAM, KABUPATEN KONAWE SELATAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 309
Author(s):  
Rezki Amalyah ◽  
Ma'ruf Kasim ◽  
Muhammad Idris
Keyword(s):  
Kappaphycus Alvarezii ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Grazing Rate ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Seaweed Cultivation ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Floating Raft ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
Seaweed Production ◽  
Fish Grazing

Abstrak: Serangan Hama dan penyakit merupakan penyebab terganggunya pertumbuhan rumput laut sehingga menyebabkan menurunnya produksi rumput laut. Salah satu hama dalam rumput laut adalah ikan baronang (Siganus guttatus). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat perambanan S. guttatus terhadap rumput laut K. alvarezii dengan kepadatan berbeda. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Januari 2018 di areal budidaya rumput laut perairan Desa Tanjung Tiram, Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode rakit jaring apung sebanyak 3 buah dengan ukuran 440 x 100 x 50 cm. Rakit dibagi menjadi empat petak serta diberi label. Dalam masing-masing petak dibudidayakan rumput laut K. alvarezii dengan berat awal 100 g per rumpun dimana masing-masing unit percobaan dibedakan berdasarkan padat tebar 600 g/m2, 900 g/m2 dan 1200 g/m2. Pada setiap pengambilan data grazing (daya ramban)  ikan baronang dalam wadah rakit apung ditebar 1 ekor ikan baronang dengan bobot sama sebesar 135 g. Selama 21 hari penelitian, grazing ikan baronang tertinggi berada pada kepadatan 1200 g/m2  sebesar  -23,58% dan yang terendah pada kepadatan 600 g/m2sebesar -12,4%.Kata Kunci : Grazing, Ikan Baronang, Rumput laut, Rakit Jaring ApungAbstract: Pest and disease attacks are a cause of disruption of seaweed growth, which causes a decrease in seaweed production. One pest in seaweed is baronang fish (Siganus guttatus). The aim of this study is to determine grazing rate of S. guttatus on K. alvarezii seaweed with different densities. The study was conducted in January 2018 in the area of seaweed cultivation in the waters of Tanjung Tiram village, South Konawe Regency. The total of plots in one unit of floating cage was three plots pieces measuring 440 x 100 x 50 cm. Raft is divided into four plots and labeled. In each plot cultivated K. alvarezii seaweed with an initial weight of 100 g per clump where each experimental unit is differentiated based on stocking density of 600 g / m2, 900 g / m2 and 1200 g / m2. At each grazing data collection (drilling power) Baronang fish in floating raft containers were stocked with one Baronang fish with the same weight of 135 g. During maintenance, Baronang fish is given commercial feed as much as 5% of body weight. As for the 21 days of research, the highest Baronang fish grazing is at a density of 1200 g / m2 at -23.58% and the lowest at a density of 600 g / m2 at -12.4%.Keywords: Grazing, Baronang fish, seaweed, floating cage 

scholarly journals Effect of stocking density and feeding rate of Oreochromis niloticus on water quality and abundance of phytoplankton in aquaculture earthen ponds

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5 (Special Issue)) ◽  
pp. 387-402
Author(s):  
Ahmad M. Azab ◽  
Hassan M. M. Khalaf-Allah ◽  
Abd El-Rahman A. Khattaby ◽  
Ahmed S. M. Sadek ◽  
Enas Galal Mansour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Earthen Ponds
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