scholarly journals Effect of food composition on vitamin K absorption in human volunteers

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit L. M. G. Gijsbers ◽  
Kon-Siong G. Jie ◽  
Cees Vermeer
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparation ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Food Components ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Experimental Group

The human vitamin K requirement is not known precisely, but the minimal requirement is often assumed to be between 0·5 and 1 x 10−6g/kg body weight. In the present study we addressed the question to what extent circulating vitamin K concentrations are influenced by the form in which the vitamer is consumed. The experimental group consisted of five healthy volunteers who received phylloquinone after an overnight fast. On the first day of three successive weeks the participants consumed 1 mg (2·2 µmol) phylloquinone, either in the form of a pharmaceutical preparation (Konakion®), or in the form of spinach + butter, or as spinach without added fat. Circulating phylloquinone levels after spinach with and without butter were substantially lower (7·5- and 24·3-fold respectively) than those after taking the pharmaceutical concentrate. Moreover, the absorption of phylloquinone from the vegetables was 1·5 times slower than from Konakion. In a second experiment in the same five volunteers it was shown that relatively high amounts of menaquinone-4 enter the circulation after the consumption of butter enriched with this vitamer. It is concluded that the bioavailability of membrane-bound phylloquinone is extremely poor and may depend on other food components, notably fat. The bioavailability of dietary vitamin K (phylloquinone+menaquinones) is lower than generally assumed, and depends on the form in which the vitamin is ingested. These new insights may lead to a revision of the recommended daily intake for vitamin K.

scholarly journals Phylloquinone (vitamin K1) intakes and food sources in 18–64-year-old Irish adults

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Duggan ◽  
Kevin D. Cashman ◽  
Albert Flynn ◽  
Caroline Bolton-Smith ◽  
Máiréad Kiely
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
The North

AbstractDietary vitamin K1(phylloquinone) levels that are sufficient to maintain normal blood coagulation may be sub-optimal for bone, and habitual low dietary intakes of vitamin K may have an adverse effect on bone health. The objective of the present study was to measure the intake and adequacy of phylloquinone intake and the contribution of foods to phylloquinone intake in a nationally representative sample of Irish adults. The North/South Ireland Food Consumption Survey database was used, which contains data collected using a 7 d food diary in a randomly selected sample of Irish adults aged 18–64 years (n1379; 662 men and 717 women). Phylloquinone intakes were estimated using recently compiled food composition data for phylloquinone. The mean daily intake of phylloquinone from food sources was 79 (sd 44) μg. Intakes were significantly higher (P>0·001) in men than in women at levels of 84 and 75quest;μgsol;d. The main contributors to phylloquinone intakes were vegetables (48%), particularly green vegetables (26%). Potatoes (including chipped and fried potatoes), dairy products and fat spreads contributed 10% each and meat contributed 8%. In men, social class and smoking status influenced phylloquinone intakes. Of the population, 52% had phylloquinone intakes below 1 μg/kg body weight and only 17% of men and 27% of women met the US adequate intakes of 120 and 90 μg/d, respectively. The present study shows that habitual phylloquinone intakes in Irish adults are low, which may have implications for bone health.

Dietary Vitamin and Stability of Oral Anticoagulation: Proposal of a Diet with Constant Vitamin K1 Content

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (03) ◽  
pp. 504-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L Booth ◽  
Jacqueline M Charnley ◽  
James A Sadowski ◽  
Edward Saltzman ◽  
Edwin G Bovill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin K1 ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

SummaryCase reports cited in Medline or Biological Abstracts (1966-1996) were reviewed to evaluate the impact of vitamin K1 dietary intake on the stability of anticoagulant control in patients using coumarin derivatives. Reported nutrient-drug interactions cannot always be explained by the vitamin K1 content of the food items. However, metabolic data indicate that a consistent dietary intake of vitamin K is important to attain a daily equilibrium in vitamin K status. We report a diet that provides a stable intake of vitamin K1, equivalent to the current U.S. Recommended Dietary Allowance, using food composition data derived from high-performance liquid chromatography. Inconsistencies in the published literature indicate that prospective clinical studies should be undertaken to clarify the putative dietary vitamin K1-coumarin interaction. The dietary guidelines reported here may be used in such studies.

Vitamin K Intake and Sensitivity to Warfarin in Patients Consuming Regular Diets

1999 ◽  
Vol 81 (03) ◽  
pp. 396-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aharon Lubetsky ◽  
Edit Dekel-Stern ◽  
Angela Chetrit ◽  
Flora Lubin ◽  
Hillel Halkin
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Warfarin Dose ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Anticoagulated Patients

SummaryThe effect of dietary vitamin K intake on warfarin sensitivity is known only from case reports and few small clinical studies. We followed 50 patients commencing warfarin and consuming their regular diets (for 8 weeks) to study this relationship. A one-week recall dietary questionnaire was completed at weeks 2 and 8. Daily intake of nutrients and vitamin K was calculated from standard tables. Warfarin sensitivity index (WSI) was defined as final INR/final warfarin dose (mg/day/m2 of body surface area) (week 8). Vitamin K intake was 17-974 (median: 179) μg/day. Median WSI was 0.82 (0.31-4.47). A WSI value of 1.1 significantly separated excess (≥250 μg/day) from normal (<250 μg/day) vitamin K consumers (16/18 vs. 15/32, respectively, p <0.01). The former had lower day 5 INR (median: 1.9 vs. 3.0, p <0.001), needed more warfarin to achieve INR ≥2.0 (32.0 ± 9.2 mg vs. 25.4 ± 6.4 mg, p = 0.009) and required a higher maintenance steady state warfarin dose (5.7 ± 1.7 mg/day vs. 3.5 ± 1.0 mg/day, p <0.001).We conclude that in 32% (16/50) of anticoagulated patients under usual dietary conditions sensitivity to warfarin is decreased by vitamin K intake ≥250 μg/day.

Development of a Self-Assessment Instrument to Determine Daily Intake and Variability of Dietary Vitamin K

2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 801-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rebecca Couris ◽  
Gary R. Tataronis ◽  
Sarah L. Booth ◽  
Gerard E. Dallal ◽  
Jeffrey B. Blumberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Self Assessment

scholarly journals Vitamin E diary dietary intake in premenopausal healthy women and its relationship with the recommended diary dietary intake

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Luis Manuel Puerto Parejo ◽  
Olga Leal-Hernández ◽  
Ignacio Aliaga ◽  
Raul Roncero-Martin
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin Intake ◽  
Food Composition Tables ◽  
Study Population

Background: The health benefits arising from the antioxidant vitamin E is well recognized and its recommended dietary intake for the general population have been established. However, there is still a need for assessing antioxidant vitamin intake in different population groups. Objective: To assess intake of antioxidant vitamin E and to identify its major sources in the diets of healthy premenopausal women from Extremadura. Material and methods: The study group consisted of 123 premenopausal women from Spanish population. Antioxidant vitamin dietary intake was assessed by individual 7-day records. Data was analyzed using updated “Spanish Food Composition Tables”. Results: The average daily intake of antioxidant vitamin E was: 2.58±0.85 mg/day.  Dietary vitamin E was around 76.54% lower than that recommended. Diets that were deficient in vitamin E were recorded in the 100% of the interviewed premenopausal women from Extremadura. Conclusions: The average intake of antioxidant vitamin E was not found to be in recommended range, no significant differences were observed between the lowest and the highest intake. They were no differences in the consumption of food products recognized as major sources of vitamin E in the study population. It is therefore necessary to increase the consumption of foods that provide a valuable dietary source for this vitamin. 

Patients with unstable control have a poorer dietary intake of vitamin K compared to patients with stable control of anticoagulation

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (05) ◽  
pp. 872-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Sconce ◽  
Tayyaba Khan ◽  
Jennifer Mason ◽  
Faye Noble ◽  
Hilary Wynne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Variable Response ◽  
Oral Vitamin ◽  
Dietary Records ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stable Control

SummaryEvidence suggests that alterations in the dietary intake of vitamin K can affect anticoagulation response to warfarin. It is possible that a low and erratic intake of dietary vitamin K is at least partly responsible for the variable response to warfarin in patients with unstable control of anticoagulation. Twenty-six patients with unstable and twenty-six with stable control of anticoagulation completed dietary records of all foods and drinks consumed on a daily basis for two consecutive weeks. The mean daily intake of vitamin K in unstable patients was considerably lower than that for stable patients during the study period (29±17μg v. 76±40µg). The logarithm of vitamin K intake was consistently and significantly lower in the unstable patients than the stable patients over the two week period (5.9±0.4µg v. 6.9±0.5µg; p<0.001; 95% CI: 0.7–1.2). Changes in vitamin K intake between weeks 1 and 2 of the study were negatively correlated with changes in International Normalised Ratio (INR) amongst the unstable patients, however this failed to reach significance (r=-0.25; p=0.22). Daily supplementation with oral vitamin K in unstable patients could lead to a more stable anticoagulation response to warfarin.

scholarly journals Low Dietary Intakes of Vitamin K and Leafy Green Vegetables Are Individually Associated With Low Cognitive Functioning in A National Sample of U.S. Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1306-1306
Author(s):  
Galya Bigman ◽  
Marius Emil Rusu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Test Score ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Word Recall ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Leafy Greens ◽  
Prospective Study Design

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to examine the individual associations between dietary intake of vitamin K and leafy green vegetables with cognitive functioning in the US population of adults aged 60 years or older. Methods Cross-sectional data of older adults (≥60years; n = 2,342) from the 2011–2014 NHANES were analyzed. Dietary data were assessed by two 24-hour dietary recalls. ‘Low intake of vitamin K’ was defined as below the recommended daily intake (RDI) (i.e.,&lt; 90mcg for women, &lt; 120mcg for men). ‘Low intake of leafy green vegetables’ was defined as consuming below 90gr a day of green vegetables (e.g., broccoli, asparagus, green pees and beans) and below 30gr a day of leafy greens (e.g., kale, spinach, celery, and lettuce). The cognitive functioning assessment included four separate tests and their ‘overall score’: (1) The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) word learning test; (2) Delayed Word Recall (DWR); (3) the Animal Fluency Test (AFT); (4) the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Low cognitive functioning was defined as receiving the lowest 20th percentile on each test score. Weighted logistic regressions examined the study aims by tests while controlling for associated covariates: age, sex, race/ethnicity, socioeconomics, body mass index, lifestyle factors, energy intake, chronic diseases, and antithrombotic medication. Results More than half of the sample (55%) did not consume sufficient intake of vitamin K a day, and about two thirds (66%) were defined as having low intake of leafy green vegetables. The multivariable model showed that participants with low intake of vitamin K are more likely, by 45–111%, to have low cognitive functioning than those with sufficient intake of vitamin K (overall score: Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.36–2.26). Participants with low intake of leafy green vegetables had higher odds of having low cognitive functioning in three tests (i.e., CERAD, DWR, AFT) (ORs = 1.40–1.57) and in the overall test score (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.14–1.87) than those who consumed ≥90 gr of green vegetables or ≥30 gr of leafy greens a day. Conclusions Low intakes of dietary vitamin K and leafy green vegetables might be linked with cognitive function impairment in older adults. The causality of such associations needs to be examined using prospective study design or interventions. Funding Sources N/A.

scholarly journals Vegetables and Mixed Dishes Are Top Contributors to Phylloquinone Intake in US Adults: Data from the 2011-2012 NHANES

2017 ◽  
Vol 147 (7) ◽  
pp. 1308-1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie G Harshman ◽  
Emily G Finnan ◽  
Kathryn J Barger ◽  
Regan L Bailey ◽  
David B Haytowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
The United States ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Adequate Intake ◽  
Composition Data ◽  
Food Composition Data

Abstract Background: Phylloquinone is the most abundant form of vitamin K in US diets. Green vegetables are considered the predominant dietary source of phylloquinone. As our food supply diversifies and expands, the food groups that contribute to phylloquinone intake are also changing, which may change absolute intakes. Thus, it is important to identify the contributors to dietary vitamin K estimates to guide recommendations on intakes and food sources. Objective: The purpose of this study was to estimate 1) the amount of phylloquinone consumed in the diet of US adults, 2) to estimate the contribution of different food groups to phylloquinone intake in individuals with a high or low vegetable intake (≥2 or &lt;2 cups vegetables/d), and 3) to characterize the contribution of different mixed dishes to phylloquinone intake. Methods: Usual phylloquinone intake was determined from NHANES 2011–2012 (≥20 y old; 2092 men and 2214 women) and the National Cancer Institute Method by utilizing a complex, stratified, multistage probability-cluster sampling design. Results: On average, 43.0% of men and 62.5% of women met the adequate intake (120 and 90 μg/d, respectively) for phylloquinone, with the lowest self-reported intakes noted among men, especially in the older age groups (51–70 and ≥71 y). Vegetables were the highest contributor to phylloquinone intake, contributing 60.0% in the high-vegetable-intake group and 36.1% in the low-vegetable-intake group. Mixed dishes were the second-highest contributor to phylloquinone intake, contributing 16.0% in the high-vegetable-intake group and 28.0% in the low-vegetable-intake group. Conclusion: Self-reported phylloquinone intakes from updated food composition data applied to NHANES 2011–2012 reveal that fewer men than women are meeting the current adequate intake. Application of current food composition data confirms that vegetables continue to be the primary dietary source of phylloquinone in the US diet. However, mixed dishes and convenience foods have emerged as previously unrecognized but important contributors to phylloquinone intake in the United States, which challenges the assumption that phylloquinone intake is a marker of a healthy diet. These findings emphasize the need for the expansion of food composition databases that consider how mixed dishes are compiled and defined.

Perioperative Management of Patients Receiving New Anticoagulants

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (19) ◽  
pp. 2149-2157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Lamperti ◽  
Andrey Khozenko ◽  
Arun Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Vitamin K Antagonists ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Bleeding Risk ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Reversal Agent ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Reversal Agents

There is an increased use of oral anticoagulants for the prevention of venous and arterial thrombosis. Vitamin-K antagonists have been used for decades as the main oral anticoagulants but they have the draback a complex therapeutic management, slow onset of action and by a different oral intake caused by dietary vitamin K intake. New non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have been developed to overcome the limitations of warfarin. Their management is easier as it requires a fixed daily dose without coagulation monitoring. Although their therapeutic profile is safe, proper attention should be paid in case of unexpected need for the reversal of their coagulation effect and in case a patient needs to have a scheduled surgery. For non-acute cardiac surgery, discontinuation of NOACs should start at least 48 hours prior surgery. Intracranial bleedings associated with NOACs are less dangerous comparing to those warfarin-induced. NOACs need to be stopped ≥24 hours in case of elective surgery for low bleeding-risk procedures and ≥48 hours for high bleeding-risk surgery in patients with normal renal function and 72 hours in case of reduced CrCl < 80. The therapy with NOACs should be resumed from 48 to 72 hours after the procedure depending on the perceived bleeding, type of surgery and thrombotic risks. There are some available NOAC reversal agents acting within 5 to 20 minutes. In case of lack of reversal agent, adequate diuresis, renal replacement therapy and activated charcoal in case of recent ingestion should be considered.

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