scholarly journals Dietary pattern, nutrient intake and growth of adolescent school girls in urban Bangladesh

1998 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faruk Ahmed ◽  
Momtaz Zareen ◽  
Moududur Rahman Khan ◽  
Cadi Pervin Banu ◽  
Mohammed Nazmul Haq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Usual Pattern

AbstractObjective:To investigate the dietary pattern and nutritional status of adolescent girls attending schools in Dhaka city and to examine the association with various social factors.Design:Cross-sectional study.Setting:Girls high schools in Dhaka city.Subjects:A total of 384 girls, aged from 10 to 16 years, who were students of classes VI to IX of 12 girls high schools in Dhaka city were selected by systematic random sampling. Nutrient intake was assessed using the 24-h recall method and the usual pattern of food intake was examined using a 7-day food frequency questionnaire.Results:The prevalence of undernutrition among the participants assessed as stunting was 10% overall with younger girls being less stunted (2%) than older girls (16%), whereas 16% were thin with relatively more of the younger girls (21%) being thin than of the older girls (12%). Based on the usual pattern of food intake, a substantial proportion of the girls did not consume eggs (26%), milk (35%) or dark green leafy vegetables (20%). By comparison, larger proportions consumed meat (50%) and fish (65%) at least four times a week. For the intake of energy and protein, only 9 and 17% of the girls, respectively, met the recommended daily allowance (RDA). For nearly 77% of the girls, the intake of fat was less than the recommendation. Intakes less than the RDA were found for iron (77% of the girls), calcium (79%), vitamin A (62%), vitamin C (67%), and riboflavin (96%). Based on the food consumption data, cereals were the major source of energy (57%), thiamin (67%), niacin (63%) and iron (37%). Animal sources supplied 50% of dietary protein. Cooking fats were the principal source of fat (67%) in the diet. Milk was the major contributor for riboflavin and preformed vitamin A (retinol). Leafy vegetables and fruits were the main sources of provitamin A (carotenes). The girls from families with less educated parents were more likely to be thin and short for their age. Those girls from families with lower incomes and less educated parents had a dietary pattern which tended to be poor with regard to egg, milk, meat and fruit, with lower intakes of protein, fat and riboflavin.Conclusion:The findings indicate that the diets of these girls tended to be inadequate both for macronutrients and micronutrients, with significant health implications. There was also a relationship between the family income and the education of the parents with the nutritional status of the girls.

scholarly journals Determinants of Nutritional Status among School Girls in Chittagong Metropolitan Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-67
Author(s):  
Md Abdul Karim ◽  
Jesmin Akter
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
School Girls

This study aims to investigate the determinants of nutritional status (BMI) of school girls, selected randomly from the schools of Chittagong metropolitan area because good nutritional status is a prerequisite for good health, fertility and national productivity. The results of this study show that more than one-third (38.6%) school girls belong to underweight, 47.9% normal and 13.5% overweight. The overall mean BMI of the selected girls is found 20.03±4.06 kg/m2 with considerable variations by their background characteristics. The co-efficient of variation (20.27%) indicates that there exists extreme heterogeneity in BMI of the respondents. Co-efficient of skewness (β1=0.85) and excess of kurtosis (γ2=1.05) reflect that the distribution of BMI is positively skewed and leptokurtic. The mean BMI is found relatively high among the respondents living in the metropolitan area (21.18 kg/m2). The highest mean BMI is found among the girls belong to high family income group (21.62 kg/m2) and low (18.69 kg/m2) in lower family income group. Bivariate analysis indicates that religion, place of origin, place of residence, respondents’ education, arm circumference, fathers and mothers education and occupation, family income, family size, sibling size, skipping and cycling, duration of sporting activity and sleeping, and food intake are found to have significant association with nutritional status of the girls. The study also shows that BMI is significantly positively correlated with family income and negatively with duration of sporting activities. Multinomial logistic regression analysis illustrates that place of residence, arm circumference, mothers’ occupation, duration of sleeping and food intake is found significant predictors of BMI. The Chittagong Univ. J. Sci. 40(1) : 39-67, 2019

scholarly journals A comparative study of health, nutritional status, and dietary pattern of primary school going and dropout slum children in Dhaka City, Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Sharmina Yeasmin ◽  
Khaleda Islam
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Well Being ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dietary Habit ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Socioeconomic Condition ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Health affects not only current well being and future outcomes at individual and society level but also directly reflect the efficiency of health care system and the influence of surrounding environment. This is especially nutritional status of primary school age children which influence their health, dietary habit, cognition and educational achievement.Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to find and compare primary school going and dropout slum children (6-12 years) regarding their health, nutritional status and dietary pattern in four selected slums in Dhaka city, Bangladesh.Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among 100 children. Nutritional status was measured by collecting anthropometric data (height and weight) using standard techniques and analyzed according to WHO guidelinesResult: Based on WHO standard mean of Body Mass Index (BMI), the prevalence of underweight was higher among school dropout group (76%) than school going group (54%). A statistically significant difference between two groups were found regarding prevalence of stunting (P-value=0.03) and their daily dietary habits, such as, pulses (P-value=0.007), rice, fruits, milk, and meat (P-value=0.00) and fish (P-value=0.002). This study also found that parent’s education, family size, mother’s occupation, and economic status of family have an important impact on children’s education and their nutritional status.Conclusion: Low education levels are linked to poor health and low quality dietary pattern. Lower socioeconomic condition and poor knowledge of parent’s about child education and nutritional diet makes this situation more worse.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(4) 2016 59-63

scholarly journals Exploring Urban Dietary Pattern in Nigerian Households: A Case for Nutrient Adequacy

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
Adesola Adebola, Ikudayisi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Heme Iron ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Urban Households ◽  
Southwest Nigeria

Aims: To identify dietary patterns of urban households in Southwest, Nigeria and explore their links with nutrients adequacy. Study Design: Cross sectional household-level data from two urban locations selected through a multistage random sampling procedure in southwest Nigeria was employed. Place and Duration of Study: Urban households were sampled in South west zone of Nigeria between October to November, 2017. Methodology: Socio/demographics were documented using a descriptive analysis. The pattern of food subgroups was determined econometrically using the factor analysis, while the test for differences was examined using Mann Whitney U. Results: Using factor analysis, five distinct dietary patterns emerged named as vitamin A, modern, protein, roots, and cereals patterns with 50. 7% variance contribution rate. The vitamin A rich food dietary pattern explained 12.8 % of the total variance and the pitch in diet quality of this factor was explained mostly by dark leafy vegetables and fruits. The fourth and fifth factors which accounted for 9.2% and 7.5% of total variance, respectively characterised by high intakes of roots/tubers (0.69), plantain (0.57) and cereals (0.79) are food rich in dietary energy. Consumption frequency revealed that a higher intake of vitamin A foods was associated with LUA, while HUA had more intake of spices (46.3%), oil (44.5%) and beef products (41.3%). Both urban locations had a lower intake of iron rich foods (dairy, poultry and organ meat) which suggest likely risk of heme iron deficiency. Dietary energy intake in form of cereals (52.3%) was higher in HUA with tubers (14.6%) in LUA. The test of difference across the two locations revealed significant disparities in the observed dietary pattern with respect to vitamin A food, beef meat, spices and poultry at 5% level. Conclusions: Urban disparity in dietary pattern is evidenced in this paper. However, the different dietary pattern across urban locations were associated with some nutritional outcomes. Although, both dietary patterns had healthful elements of the diets, low consumption of iron rich foods was observed. Programmes focusing on the prevention of diet-related chronic diseases in this population should balance the identified pattern of consumption with iron rich foods.

scholarly journals Changing Patterns in Lifestyle, Food Intake and Health Status between Selected Beneficiary People and Non-beneficiary People of Urban Slum in Dhaka City

2013 ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Islam ◽  
AAM Kurshed ◽  
TMA Azad ◽  
MAH Bhuyan
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Full Stomach ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Weight For Age

To see the improvement in lifestyle, food intake and nutritional status of Beneficiary people of Shiree Project under Dushtha Shasthya Kendra, a comparative cross sectional study was done in Kamrangirchar slum among extreme poor people of Dhaka city and compared with non–beneficiary households. Beneficiary households of MDG-1 under Shiree Project got household economic intervention packages. In this stuy it is found that mean monthly income of the family was 6175.65 Tk in beneficiary group and 4288.14 Tk in non-beneficiary group. The mean monthly expenditure on food items of family was 3787.83 Tk in beneficiary group and 2796.61 Tk in non-beneficiary group. About 34 percent beneficiary households and 75 percent of all non-beneficiary households were poor having household’s monthly income less than 3000 taka. Some 15.7 percent beneficiary households had five amenities out of selected six and only 1.7 percent non-beneficiary households had five amenities. So, socio-economic condition of beneficiary extreme poor people has improved. Consumption of food items was significantly more in beneficiary households than non-beneficiary ones. Some 74 percent beneficiary households consumed four or more food items daily and 26 percent non-beneficiary households consumed four or more food items daily. On average 3.37 food items were consumed by beneficiary households and 2.49 food items by non-beneficiary households daily. More than 60% of the beneficiary people ate full stomach meals and less than 25 % of non-beneficiary people could afford to eat the same. So, beneficiary people were more food secure and more food diversified than non-beneficiary people. Nutritional status of the children by MUAC, Weight for Age Z-score, and Height for Age Z-score showed no significant difference between beneficiary and non-beneficiary group. Prevalence rate of underweight (Weight for Age Z-score) was 60.5% in beneficiary children and 65.9% in non-beneficiary children. Significant difference (P=0.044) was found by Weight for Height Z-score in both beneficiary and non-beneficiary group. The difference of mothers’ nutritional status by BMI between beneficiary group and non-beneficiary group was not statistically significant, though percentage of CED was lower and overweight was higher in beneficiary mothers than non-beneficiary ones. Though socio-economic status, food security and food intake were better in beneficiary people than non-beneficiary ones, the outcome of these factors were not significant in clinical and anthropometric status. Beneficiary households were on the way to meet first target of MGD-1 which is related to poverty reduction. But they were far away from reaching the second target and halving prevalence of underweight as described in MDG-1. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnut.v24i0.14033 Bangladesh J. Nutr. Vol. 24-25 Dec 2011-2012 pp.15-22

THE Effects of Nutrition Status and Breastfeeding on Child Development Aged 3-6 Years: Evidence From Tanjung Jabung Timur, Jambi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinda Septiani Hardilla ◽  
◽  
Harsono Salimo ◽  
Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Essential Components

ABSTRACT Background: Good nutrition and adequate stimulation for early learning are estimated as essential components for child development. The purpose of this study was to determine nutritional factors associated with child development aged 3-6 years. Subjects and Method: A cross sectional study was carried out at 25 preschools in Tanjung Jabung Timur, Jambi, Indonesia, from September to October 2019. A sample of 200 children aged 3-6 years was selected by stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was child development. The independent variables were child nutritional status, dietary pattern, exclusive breastfeeding, maternal education, maternal employment, and family income. Child development was measured by early childhood developmental screening. The other variables were collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression. Results: Child development improved with good nutritional status (b= 1.86; 95% CI= 0.54 to 3.19; p= 0.006), exclusive breastfeeding (b= 0.58; 95% CI= -0.67 to 1.84; p= 0.363), good dietary pattern (b= 1.55; 95% CI= 0.31 to 2.79; p= 0.014), maternal education ≥Senior high school (b= 2.27; 95% CI= 0.98 to 3.55; p= 0.001), and family income ≥Rp 2,840,000 (b= 1.84; 95% CI= 0.34 to 3.33; p= 0.016). Child development decreased with mother working outside the house (b= -1.31; 95% CI= -2.42 to -0.19; p=0.021). Conclusion: Child development improves with good nutritional status, exclusive breastfeeding, good dietary pattern, maternal education ≥Senior high school, and family income ≥Rp 2,840,000. Child development decreases with mother working outside the house Keywords: child development, nutritional status, exclusive breastfeeding Correspondence: Dinda Septiani Hardilla. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 082373568987 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.88

scholarly journals Socio-economic variables influence the prevalence of inadequate nutrient intake in Brazilian adolescents: results from a population-based survey

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1533-1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliseu Verly Junior ◽  
Chester Luis Galvão Cesar ◽  
Regina Mara Fisberg ◽  
Dirce Maria Lobo Marchioni
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Parental Educational Level ◽  
Socio Economic Variables

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of inadequate nutrient intake among adolescents and the association between socio-economic variables and nutritional status.DesignCross-sectional study with a population-based sample.SettingsThe usual nutrient intake distribution was estimated using the Iowa State University method. The Estimated Average Requirement cut-off point method was used to determine the proportion of adolescents with inadequate intake for each nutrient, according to sex, income, parental educational level and nutritional status.SubjectsTwenty-four-hour dietary recalls were applied in 525 male and female Brazilian adolescents aged 14–18 years.ResultsThe highest prevalence of inadequate nutrient intake was observed for vitamin E (99 % in both sexes). For male and female adolescents, the prevalence of inadequate intake was: Mg, 89 % and 84 %; vitamin A, 78 % and 71 %; vitamin C, 79 % and 53 %; and vitamin B6, 21 % and 33 %, respectively. The prevalence of inadequate intake for niacin, thiamin, riboflavin, Se, Cu and vitamin B12 was <15 %. Individuals in the lower income and lower parental educational level strata had the highest risk of having inadequate intake for P, riboflavin and vitamins A, B6 and B12. Compared with non-overweight individuals, overweight individuals had a higher risk of inadequate intake for Mg, vitamin A, P, thiamin and riboflavin.ConclusionsThe present study found a high prevalence of inadequate intake of nutrients that are recognised as being protective against chronic diseases. Adolescents in the lower income and lower parental educational level strata were less likely to have their nutrient intake requirements met.

scholarly journals Ethiopian Orthodox Fasting and Lactating Mothers: Longitudinal Study on Dietary Pattern and Nutritional Status in Rural Tigray, Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beruk Desalegn ◽  
Christine Lambert ◽  
Simon Riedel ◽  
Tegene Negese ◽  
Hans Biesalski
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Diet Diversity ◽  
Animal Source Foods ◽  
Animal Source ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Ethiopian Orthodox

About half of Ethiopians belong to the Orthodox Tewahedo religion. Annually, more than 200 days are dedicated to religious fasting, which includes abstaining from all types of food, animal source foods, and water. However, the association of fasting with undernutrition remains unknown in Ethiopia. Therefore, dietary pattern and nutritional status of lactating women during lent fasting and non-fasting periods were studied, and predictor variables for maternal underweight were identified. To achieve this, lactating mothers in lent fasting (N = 572) and non-fasting (N = 522) periods participated from rural Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Average minimum diet diversity (MDD-W) was computed from two 24-h recalls, and nutritional status was assessed using body mass index (BMI). Binary logistic regression was used to identify potential predictors of maternal underweight. Wilcoxon signed-rank (WSRT) and McNemar’s tests were used for comparison of the two periods. The prevalence of underweight in fasting mothers was 50.6%. In the multivariate logistic regression model, younger age, sickness in the last four weeks preceding the survey, fasting during pregnancy, lactation periods, grandfathers’ as household decision makers, previous aid experience, non-improved water source, and not owning chicken were positively associated with maternal underweight. In WSRT, there was no significant (p > 0.05) difference on maternal body weight and BMI between periods. The average number of meals, diet diversity, and animal source foods (ASFs), consumption scores were significantly increased in non-fasting compared to fasting periods in both fasting and non-fasting mothers (p < 0.001, p < 0.05, and p < 0.001, respectively). Consumption of dark green leafy vegetables was higher in the fasting period (11%) than non-fasting (3.6%), in the study population. As a conclusion, Ethiopian Orthodox fasting negatively affected maternal nutritional status and dietary pattern in rural Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. To reduce maternal malnutrition in Ethiopia, existing multi-sectoral nutrition intervention strategies, should include religious institutions in a sustainable manner.

scholarly journals Hubungan Pendapatan, Tingkat Asupan Energi dan Karbohidrat dengan Status Gizi Balita Usia 2-5 Tahun di Daerah Kantong Kemiskinan

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Lutfiyatul Afifah
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Problem ◽  
Food Recall ◽  
X 24

Background: Nutritional status of toddlers is considered important since they are generally more susceptible to nutritional problem. Some factors that affect them is level of nutrient intake, which include level of energy intake, carbohydrate intake, and family income. Family income is associated with the ability to provide food, thus affecting the level of nutrient intake for the family.Objectives: The objective of the study was to analyze the correlation between incomes, level of energy and carbohydrate intake with nutritional status of toddlers aged 2-5 years in Lenteng sub-District, Sumenep.Methods: the design of this study was cross sectional.  Sample size was 70 parents of toddlers aged 2-5 years in Lenteng sub-District, Sumenep. Weight and height of the toddlers were measured to determine the nutritional status of the toddlers. Interviews with parents were also conducted to determine the characteristic of the toddlers and the family income. Lastly, 2 x 24 hours food recall was used to examine the level of their nutrient intake. The data were analyzed by using Spearman correlation test with α= 0.05.Results: The results showed that 57.1% toddlers were in low income category. 65.7% toddlers were in inadequate level of energy intake. 95.7% were in inadequate level of carbohydrate intake. Prevalence of toddlers with normal nutritional status normal were 84.3%, 11.4% was malnourished, while 2.9% was severely malnourished.  The result showed that level of energy intake and carbohydrate intake are related to nutritional status of toddlers (p=0.040) and (p=0.045). However, there was no correlation found between family incomes with toddlers' family income.Conclusions: Family income was not found to be related to the nutritional status of toddlers. While the lower level of nutrient intake can potentially affect nutritional problem among toddlers.  Thus, an adequate nutrient intake is required to help toddlers meet their balanced nutritional needs.ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Status gizi balita penting diperhatikan karena balita rentan mengalami masalah gizi. Masalah gizi pada balita masih banyak terjadi. Status gizi balita dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor diantaranya yaitu tingkat asupan zat gizi termasuk energi dan karbohidrat serta pendapatan keluarga. Rendahnya asupan zat gizi dapat mengakibatkan masalah gizi balita. Pendapatan keluarga berkaitan dengan kemampuan memenuhi asupan pangan keluarga.Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis hubungan antara pendapatan, tingkat asupan energi, dan karbohidrat dengan status gizi balita usia 2-5 tahun di Kecamatan Lenteng Kabupaten Sumenep.Metode: Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Jumlah sampel 70  orang tua balita berusia 2 hingga 5 tahun. Pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan balita untuk menilai status gizi. Wawancara kepada orang tua untuk mengetahui karakteristik balita dan pendapatan keluarga serta food recall 2 x 24 hours untuk mengetahui tingkat asupan balita. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi spearman dengan α= 0,05.Hasil: Sebanyak 57,1% responden berpendapatan rendah. Sebanyak 65,7% tingkat asupan energi adalah inadequate dan 95,7% karbohidrat adalah kurang. Prevalensi status gizi normal 84,3%, kurus 11,4% dan sangat kurus 2,9%. Hasil analisis menyebutkan ada hubungan antara tingkat asupan energi (p=0,040) dan tingkat asupan karbohidrat (p=0,045) dengan status gizi balita. Sedangkan pendapatan tidak berhubungan dengan status gizi balita (p=0,649).Kesimpulan: Pendapatan keluarga berhubungan dengan status gizi balita. Tingkat asupan zat gizi yang kurang dapat meningkatkan risiko masalah gizi balita. Maka perlu dilakukan peningkatan asupan zat gizi untuk memperoleh status gizi yang baik atau normal.

scholarly journals Evidence of Malnutrition and its Associated Factors among Under-five Children in Danko-Wasagu Kebbi State, North-western Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
S.B. Mada ◽  
K.D. Bawa ◽  
M.A. Saliu ◽  
A. Garba ◽  
M.M. Abarshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Childhood Diseases ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children

Malnutrition is a major health problem worldwide and causes about 2.3 million deaths among under-5 children in low- and middle-income countries annually including Nigeria. Therefore, the present study was designed to assess the nutritional status of under-five children (0-59 months) and associated factors in Danko-Wasagu. The socio-demographic characteristics, prevalence of childhood  diseases, anthropometric parameters and dietary pattern of the children were evaluated. The results indicated that 54.8% of the caregivers are young adults within 20 to 24 years of age with 41.7% having two living children. In addition, 58% of the caregivers have monthly family income below ₦20,000 with no any formal education. The Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) and Weight-for-Height (WFH) indices indicated that none of the children had Severe-Acute-Malnutrition (SAM). However, there was 65.5% prevalence of diarrhea, 45.2% with dermatitis and 25.0% with acute respiratory infections. In addition, stunting, underweight and wasting among the children investigated were 72.7%, 29.8% and 11.9% respectively. Consumption of cereals based diet by the children was 92.7% while 28.6% and 31.0% of the children met the minimum dietary diversity and minimum meal frequency respectively. Caregiver’s age was observed to associate significantly (p<0.05) with wasting, underweight and stunting among the children. Altogether, the presentstudy demonstrated a high prevalence of chronic malnutrition and childhood diseases even though without any case of SAM in the study area. Keywords: Malnutrition, Nutritional status, Under-five-children, Childhood diseases, Dietary pattern

Seasonal Variation of Food Consumption and Selected Nutrient Intake in Linxian, a High Risk Area for Esophageal Cancer in China

2002 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 375-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Nong Zou ◽  
Philip Taylor ◽  
Steven Mark ◽  
Ann Chao ◽  
Wen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
Poor Nutritional Status

Linxian, China, is a region with high incidence of esophageal cancer and a history of poor nutritional status. Nutrition Intervention Trials were conducted in this area from 1985 through 1991 and found a reduction in total cancer mortality in the group receiving supplementation of beta-carotene/selenium/alpha-tocopherol. The positive results of those trials have, in part, been ascribed to the poor nutritional status of this population. To investigate more recent food patterns, nutrient intakes, and seasonal variations in the diet, dietary surveys were conducted among the residents of Linxian in 1996. Food consumption data were collected among 104 households in spring and 106 households in autumn using a method of food inventory changes. Intake of nutrients was estimated and compared to the Chinese Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). In both seasons, the five most common food groups consumed were cereals, fresh vegetables, yams, seasonings, and eggs. Low nutrient intakes were found for selenium (79% RDA and 66% RDA), zinc (72% RDA and 62% RDA), vitamin B2 (64% RDA and 52% RDA), and calcium (53% RDA and 39% RDA) in both spring and autumn. A large seasonal variation was seen in the consumption of leafy vegetables, root vegetables and eggs, all of which might have contributed to the lower intake of vitamin A (25% RDA), vitamin C (75% RDA), protein (76% RDA), and vitamin E (78% RDA) in autumn. These indicate that the nutrient intake in Linxian is inadequate for a number of vitamins and minerals including those shown to be associated with esophageal cancer.

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