scholarly journals Exploring Urban Dietary Pattern in Nigerian Households: A Case for Nutrient Adequacy

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
Adesola Adebola, Ikudayisi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Heme Iron ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Urban Households ◽  
Southwest Nigeria

Aims: To identify dietary patterns of urban households in Southwest, Nigeria and explore their links with nutrients adequacy. Study Design: Cross sectional household-level data from two urban locations selected through a multistage random sampling procedure in southwest Nigeria was employed. Place and Duration of Study: Urban households were sampled in South west zone of Nigeria between October to November, 2017. Methodology: Socio/demographics were documented using a descriptive analysis. The pattern of food subgroups was determined econometrically using the factor analysis, while the test for differences was examined using Mann Whitney U. Results: Using factor analysis, five distinct dietary patterns emerged named as vitamin A, modern, protein, roots, and cereals patterns with 50. 7% variance contribution rate. The vitamin A rich food dietary pattern explained 12.8 % of the total variance and the pitch in diet quality of this factor was explained mostly by dark leafy vegetables and fruits. The fourth and fifth factors which accounted for 9.2% and 7.5% of total variance, respectively characterised by high intakes of roots/tubers (0.69), plantain (0.57) and cereals (0.79) are food rich in dietary energy. Consumption frequency revealed that a higher intake of vitamin A foods was associated with LUA, while HUA had more intake of spices (46.3%), oil (44.5%) and beef products (41.3%). Both urban locations had a lower intake of iron rich foods (dairy, poultry and organ meat) which suggest likely risk of heme iron deficiency. Dietary energy intake in form of cereals (52.3%) was higher in HUA with tubers (14.6%) in LUA. The test of difference across the two locations revealed significant disparities in the observed dietary pattern with respect to vitamin A food, beef meat, spices and poultry at 5% level. Conclusions: Urban disparity in dietary pattern is evidenced in this paper. However, the different dietary pattern across urban locations were associated with some nutritional outcomes. Although, both dietary patterns had healthful elements of the diets, low consumption of iron rich foods was observed. Programmes focusing on the prevention of diet-related chronic diseases in this population should balance the identified pattern of consumption with iron rich foods.

scholarly journals Patterns of Egg Consumption Can Help Contribute to Nutrient Recommendations and Are Associated with Diet Quality and Shortfall Nutrient Intakes

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 4094
Author(s):  
Yanni Papanikolaou ◽  
Victor L. Fulgoni
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Egg Consumption ◽  
Healthy Dietary Pattern

Limited data are available on how eggs are consumed in the typical American eating pattern and the contribution to usual intakes, diet quality and in meeting recommendations. The objectives of the present analysis included identifying how eggs are consumed within U.S. dietary patterns and how these patterns are associated with the usual intakes of shortfall nutrients and diet quality (Healthy Eating Index 2015) using data from the combined National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2001–2016. An additional objective included assessing the differences between egg consumers and egg non-consumers in nutrient intakes and nutrient adequacy. Several egg-containing dietary patterns were identified, and two egg patterns were associated with a greater diet quality compared to a no egg pattern (p < 0.0001). Most egg patterns identified were similar in diet quality scores when compared to the no egg pattern; however, the two egg patterns had lower diet quality scores. Egg consumption combined with a greater intake of total protein foods, seafood and plant protein, total vegetables, total fruit, whole fruit, whole grains and dairy foods, and a lower intake of refined grains and added sugars contributed to an improved diet quality, supporting that no one food is responsible for a healthy dietary pattern. Egg consumers demonstrated significantly higher intakes of dietary fiber, calcium, magnesium, potassium, total choline, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin E when compared to egg non-consumers. A comparison of egg consumers and egg non-consumers found egg consumers had significantly less percentages of the population below the EAR for calcium, iron, magnesium, vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin E. Similarly, the percentage of the population above the recommendations for potassium and choline were greater for egg consumers vs. egg non-consumers. In egg consumers, 24.4% of the population was above the AI for dietary choline when compared to 4.3% of egg non-consumers (p < 0.0001). Findings from the present analysis demonstrate that eggs and egg-containing foods can be an important part of a healthy dietary pattern when balanced accordingly with other nutrient-dense foods.

scholarly journals Reproducibility and validity of dietary patterns identified using factor analysis among Chinese populations

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 842-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Hong ◽  
Qing Ye ◽  
Zhiyong Wang ◽  
Huafeng Yang ◽  
Xupeng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Plant Protein ◽  
Food Groups

AbstractIn the present study, we evaluated the reproducibility and validity of dietary patterns among Chinese adult populations. A random subsample of 203 participants (aged 31–80 years) from a community-based nutrition and health survey was enrolled. An eighty-seven-item FFQ was administered twice (FFQ1 and FFQ2) 1 year apart; four 3 consecutive day, 24-h dietary recalls (24-HDR, as a reference method) were performed between the administrations of the two FFQ every 3 months. Dietary patterns from three separate dietary sources were derived using factor analysis based on twenty-eight predefined food groups. Comparisons between dietary pattern scores were made by using Pearson’s or intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), cross-classification analysis, weighted κ statistic and Bland–Altman plots; the four major dietary patterns identified from FFQ1, FFQ2 and 24-HDR were similar. Regarding reproducibility, ICC for z-scores between FFQ1 and FFQ2 were all >0·6 for dietary patterns. The ‘animal and plant protein’ pattern had the highest ICC of 0·870. For validity, the adjusted Pearson’s correlation coefficients for dietary pattern z-scores between two FFQ and the mean of four 3 consecutive day 24-HDR ranged from 0·387 for the ‘Chinese traditional’ pattern to 0·838 for the ‘animal and plant protein’ pattern. More than 75 % of the participants were classified into the same or adjacent quartile, and <5 % were misclassified into opposite quartiles. The weighted κ ranged from 0·259 to 0·680. Bland–Altman plots indicated that no significant deviation was found between two dietary assessment methods. Our findings indicate a good reasonable reproducibility and a reasonable validity of dietary patterns derived by factor analysis in China.

scholarly journals Relative validity of adolescent dietary patterns: a comparison of a FFQ and 3 d food record

2011 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina L. Ambrosini ◽  
Therese A. O'Sullivan ◽  
Nicholas H. de Klerk ◽  
Trevor A. Mori ◽  
Lawrence J. Beilin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Nutrient Profiles ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation ◽  
Western Australian

Interest in empirically derived dietary patterns has increased over the past decade. However, relatively few studies have evaluated dietary patterns using different dietary methods, or in young populations. We quantitatively compared dietary patterns from a FFQ with those from a 3 d food record (FR) in a cohort of adolescents. Subjects from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study completed a semi-quantitative FFQ and a 3 d FR at 14 years of age (n 783). Major dietary patterns were identified using exploratory factor analysis on thirty-eight food groups. Dietary pattern z-scores were compared using 95 % limits of agreement (LOA) and Spearman's r. Two major dietary patterns were identified in the FFQ and FR: a ‘Healthy’ pattern, which was high in fresh fruit, vegetables, whole grains and grilled or canned fish, and a ‘Western’ pattern, which was high in take-away foods, confectionery, soft drinks, crisps and fried potato. The nutrient profiles of these dietary patterns were similar when estimated by the FFQ and FR. The LOA between dietary pattern scores from the FFQ and FR were − 1·69 to 1·75 (‘Healthy’) and − 1·89 to 1·82 (‘Western’). Minor differences in agreement were observed when boys and girls were analysed separately. Spearman's correlation coefficients between the FFQ and the FR were r 0·45 (‘Healthy’) and r 0·36 (‘Western’). Comparable dietary patterns may be obtained from the FFQ and FR using exploratory factor analysis. This supports the use of major dietary patterns identified using the FFQ in this adolescent cohort.

scholarly journals Association of Testosterone-Related Dietary Pattern with Testicular Function among Adult Men: A Cross-Sectional Health Screening Study in Taiwan

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Adi-Lukas Kurniawan ◽  
Chien-Yeh Hsu ◽  
Jane C-J Chao ◽  
Rathi Paramastri ◽  
Hsiu-An Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Testicular Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Men

Diets could play an important role in testicular function, but studies on how adherence to the dietary patterns influences human testicular function in Asian countries are scarce. Herein, we examined the association between testosterone-related dietary patterns and testicular function among adult men in Taiwan. This cross-sectional study recruited 3283 men who attended a private medical screening program from 2009 to 2015. Testosterone-related dietary pattern was generated by the reduced rank regression (RRR) method. The association between adherence to quartile of dietary pattern scores with sex hormones (testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol (E2)) and sperm quality (sperm concentration (SC), total sperm motility (TSM), progressive motility (PRM), and normal sperm morphology (NSM)) were examined by multivariable linear regression. Hemoglobin (β = 0.57, p < 0.001), hematocrit (β = 0.17, p = 0.002), triglyceride (β = −0.84, p < 0.001), HDL-cholesterol (β = 3.58, p < 0.001), total cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol ratio (β = −0.78, p < 0.001), and uric acid (β = −10.77, p < 0.001) were highly correlated with testosterone levels. Therefore, these biomarkers were used to construct a testosterone-related dietary pattern. Highest adherence (Q4) to dietary pattern scores were negatively associated with lower testosterone in the pooled analysis (β = −0.89, p = 0.037) and normal-weight men (β = −1.48, p = 0.019). Likewise, men in the Q4 of the dietary pattern had lower SC (β = −5.55, p = 0.001) and NSM (β = −2.22, p = 0.007) regardless of their nutritional status. Our study suggesting that testosterone-related dietary pattern (rich in preserved vegetables or processed meat or fish, deep-fried foods, innards organs, rice or flour products cooked in oil, and dipping sauce, but low in milk, dairy products, legumes, or beans, and dark or leafy vegetables) was associated with a poor testicular function.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns and the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 1531-1537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J Ollberding ◽  
Briseis Aschebrook-Kilfoy ◽  
Donne Bennett D Caces ◽  
Sonali M Smith ◽  
Dennis D Weisenburger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractObjectivePrevious studies examining the role of single foods or nutrients in the aetiology of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) have produced inconsistent findings. Few studies have examined associations for dietary patterns, which may more accurately reflect patterns of consumption and the complexity of dietary intake. The objective of the present study was to examine whether dietary patterns identified by factor analysis were associated with NHL risk.DesignCase–control.SettingPopulation-based sample residing in Nebraska from 1999 to 2002.SubjectsA total of 336 cases and 460 controls.ResultsFactor analysis identified two major dietary patterns: (i) a ‘Meat, Fat and Sweets’ dietary pattern characterized by high intakes of French fries, red meat, processed meat, pizza, salty snacks, sweets and desserts, and sweetened beverages; and (ii) a ‘Fruit, Vegetables and Starch’ dietary pattern characterized by high intakes of vegetables, fruit, fish, and cereals and starches. In multivariable logistic regression models, the ‘Meat, Fat and Sweets’ dietary pattern was associated with an increased risk of overall NHL (ORQ4v.Q1 = 3·6, 95 % CI 1·9, 6·8; Ptrend = 0·0004), follicular lymphoma (ORQ4v.Q1 = 3·1, 95 % CI 1·2, 8·0; Ptrend = 0·01), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (ORQ4v.Q1 = 3·2, 95 % CI 1·1, 9·0; Ptrend = 0·09) and marginal zone lymphoma (ORQ4v.Q1 = 8·2, 95 % CI 1·3, 51·2; Ptrend = 0·05). No association with overall or subtype-specific risk was detected for the ‘Fruit, Vegetables and Starch’ dietary pattern. No evidence of heterogeneity was detected across strata of age, sex, BMI, smoking status or alcohol consumption.ConclusionsOur results suggest that a dietary pattern high in meats, fats and sweets may be associated with an increased risk of NHL.

scholarly journals Longitudinal analysis of dietary patterns in Chinese adults from 1991 to 2009

2013 ◽  
Vol 111 (8) ◽  
pp. 1441-1451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Batis ◽  
Daniela Sotres-Alvarez ◽  
Penny Gordon-Larsen ◽  
Michelle A. Mendez ◽  
Linda Adair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Root Tuber ◽  
Household Food Inventory ◽  
Dietary Intake Assessment ◽  
Dietary Data ◽  
Over Time

In the present study, we aimed to identify the changes or stability in the structure of dietary patterns and tracking, trends and factors related to the adherence to these dietary patterns in China from 1991 to 2009. We analysed dietary data collected during seven waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey and included 9253 adults with complete dietary data for three or more waves. Dietary intake assessment was carried out over a 3 d period with 24 h recalls and a household food inventory. Using factor analysis in each wave, we found that the structure of the two dietary patterns identified remained stable over the studied period. The traditional southern dietary pattern was characterised by high intakes of rice, fresh leafy vegetables, low-fat red meat, pork, organ meats, poultry and fish/seafood and low intakes of wheat flour and maize/coarse grains and the modern high-wheat dietary pattern was characterised by high intakes of wheat buns/breads, cakes/cookies/pastries, deep-fried wheat, nuts/seeds, starchy root/tuber products, fruits, eggs/egg products, soya milk, animal-based milk and instant noodles/frozen dumplings. Temporal tracking (maintenance of a relative position over time) was higher for the traditional southern dietary pattern, whereas adherence to the modern high-wheat dietary pattern had an upward trend over time. Higher income, education and urbanicity levels were positively associated with both the dietary patterns, but the association became weaker in the later years. These results suggest that even in the context of rapid economic changes in China, the way people chose to combine their foods remained relatively stable. However, the increasing popularity of the modern high-wheat dietary pattern, a pattern associated with several energy-dense foods, is a cause of concern.

scholarly journals The relationship between dietary patterns and overweight and obesity among adult in Jiangsu Province of China: a structural equation model

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-yuan Wang ◽  
Ting Tian ◽  
Da Pan ◽  
Jing-xian Zhang ◽  
Wei Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Aims This study aimed to analyze the relationship between diet and overweight and obesity in Jiangsu Province by using structural equation modeling (SEM), and to determine dietary differences between genders in the model. Methods Data from 1739 individuals (53.8% female, n = 935) were analyzed. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to classify dietary patterns. SEM and multivariate logistic regression were used to explore the relationship between dietary patterns and overweight and obesity. Results Overweight and obesity was found in 49.1%, and no difference was found in gender (51.2% of men and 47.2% of women, respectively; P = 0.090). Three dietary patterns: the traditional dietary pattern (i.e., poultry, light-colored vegetables, red meat and its products, cereals and tubers products, condiment, oils and dark-colored vegetables), the fruit-egg dietary pattern (i.e., fruit, whole grains, pickled vegetables and eggs and eggs products) and nut-wine dietary pattern (i.e., nut, wine and pastry snacks) were established by using EFA and CFA. It was found that the traditional dietary pattern for adult male was positively associated with the overweight and obesity in Jiangsu Province of China through multivariate logistic regression and SEM (OR = 1.954; 95%CI: 1.258 ~ 3.036; β =0.121, P < 0.05, respectively). Conclusion The traditional dietary pattern only have positive association with overweight and obesity in men in Jiangsu Province, China.

scholarly journals Is there any relationship between dietary patterns and depression and anxiety in Chinese adolescents?

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Ting Weng ◽  
Jia-Hu Hao ◽  
Qing-Wen Qian ◽  
Hui Cao ◽  
Ji-Ling Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the association between major dietary patterns characterized by factor analysis and risk of depression and anxiety symptoms among adolescents.DesignDiet and symptoms of depression and anxiety were assessed in a cross-sectional survey among students attending junior high school. Dietary patterns were derived from a self-reported FFQ, which consisted of thirty-eight items. Anthropometric measurements were also performed.SettingFour junior high schools in Bengbu city, China.SubjectsA random sample of 5003 adolescents, 11–16 years of age (mean 13·21 years).ResultsThree major dietary patterns were identified in the study based on factor analysis: ‘snack’, ‘animal food’ and ‘traditional’. The prevalence of depression symptoms, anxiety disorders and the coexistence of both were 11·2 % (560/5003), 14·6 % (732/5003) and 12·6 % (629/5003), respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, adolescents in the highest tertile of snack dietary pattern scores had a higher odds for ‘pure’ psychological symptoms (‘depression without anxiety’, OR = 1·64; 95 % CI 1·30, 2·06; and ‘anxiety without depression’, OR = 1·87; 95 % CI 1·51, 2·31) compared with coexisting depression and anxiety (OR = 1·93; 95 % CI 1·54, 2·43). Similar to snacks, high consumption of animal foods was associated with a higher risk of psychological symptoms. Compared with low consumption, adolescents in the highest tertile of traditional dietary pattern scores had lower odds for ‘pure’ depression (OR = 0·38; 95 % CI 0·30, 0·49), ‘pure’ anxiety (OR = 0·85; 95 % CI 0·69, 1·04) and coexisting anxiety and depression (OR = 0·50; 95 % CI 0·39, 0·63).ConclusionsData from Chinese secondary-school adolescents validated findings from adult populations. Dietary patterns should be considered as important predictors of depression and anxiety among adolescents in further studies.

scholarly journals Soluble CD163-Associated Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tzu-Yu Hu ◽  
Shin-Yng Lee ◽  
Chun-Kuang Shih ◽  
Meng-Jung Chou ◽  
Meng-Chieh Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cell Aggregation ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Dark Green

Elevated soluble cluster of differentiation 163 (sCD163) concentrations, a marker of macrophage activation, are associated with obesity. Weight reduction decreases circulating CD163 levels, and changes in sCD163 levels are associated with improved metabolic dysfunction. Currently, the relationship between sCD163 and diet remains unclear. This study investigated dietary patterns associated with sCD163 concentrations and its predictive effect on metabolic syndrome (MetS). Data on anthropometrics, blood biochemistry, and a food frequency questionnaire were collected from 166 Taiwanese adults. sCD163 levels independently predicted MetS (odds ratio (OR): 5.35; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.13~13.44, p < 0.001), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (OR: 2.19; 95% CI: 1.03~4.64, p < 0.001), and central obesity (OR: 3.90; 95% CI: 1.78~8.55, p < 0.001), after adjusting for age and sex. An adjusted linear regression analysis revealed strong correlations between levels of sCD163 and aspartate transaminase (AST) (β = 0.250 (0.023~0.477), p < 0.05) and red blood cell aggregation (β = 0.332 (0.035~0.628), p < 0.05). sCD163-associated dietary pattern scores (high frequencies of consuming noodles and desserts, and eating at home, and a low intake frequency of steamed/boiled/raw food, white/light-green-colored vegetables, orange/red/purple-colored vegetables, dairy products, seafood, dark-green leafy vegetables, and soy products) were positively correlated with MetS, liver injury biomarkers, and sCD163 levels (all p for trend < 0.05). Individuals with the highest dietary pattern scores (tertile 3) had a 2.37-fold [OR: 2.37; 95% CI: 1.04~5.37, p < 0.05] higher risk of MetS compared to those with the lowest scores (tertile 1). Overall, the study findings suggest the importance of a healthy dietary pattern in preventing elevated sCD163 levels and diet-related chronic disease such as MetS.

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