Foreign Exchange Planning under the Conditions of the New System of Planning and Management of the National Economy

1968 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Milan Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Planning And Management ◽  
New System

scholarly journals Pendapatan Usahatani Tanaman Kakao (Teobroma kakao) Di Kelurahan Hinekombe, Distrik Waibu, Kabupaten Jayapura

Agrologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Metius Wonda ◽  
Evawani Tomayahu
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
National Income ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Secondary Data Sources ◽  
Cocoa Farmers

Kakao is one of important estate commodity for the national economy, since kakao plantation provide a significant number of employment which is support national income and foreign exchange. This study aims to determine  farm  incomes of kakao farmers in  Hinekombein Village,  Waibu Subistrict of Jayapura District. Primary data was collected by used of interview and observation guided by a questionnaire. The primary data obtained through interviews with farmers using a questionnaire. Secondary data has been obtained from secondary data sources associated with the research. Sampling was done by simple random sampling for cocoa farmers in Hinekombe Village, number of respondents was 30 farmers cocoa farmers This study showed that annual revenue of cocoa of farmers which has 0.5 of cultivated area  was Rp 1,150,556. The revenue of farmer which has 1 ha of cultivated area was Rp. 2.662.500.

scholarly journals Prospek Pengembangan Usahatani Kakao di Desa Pangsan, Kecamatan Petang, Kabupaten Badung

2018 ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
RISTA ULVIA RAMADHANI ◽  
I WAYAN BUDIASA ◽  
A.A.A. WULANDIRA SAWITRI DJELANTIK
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Land Suitability ◽  
Feasibility Analysis ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Financial Feasibility ◽  
Benefit Cost

Prospect of Cocoa Farming Development in Pangsan Village, Petang Sub-District of Badung Regency Cocoa plays an important role for the national economy, especially openingemployment opportunities, sources of income, and foreign exchange. The objectivesof this research are: to investigate the suitability of land for cocoa farming inPangsan Village, financial feasibility of cocoa farming in Pangsan Village, seen frominvestment criteria, and market prospect of cocoa commodity of Pangsan Villageproduction. The analysis used in this research is investment criteria method includingNPV, IRR, and Net B/C for financial feasibility analysis, while land suitability andmarket prospect are analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The findings of thestudy showed that : land in Pangsan Village is appropriate (S2) for cocoa farmingand it has low productivity compared to cocoa productivity in Bali and Indonesia,cocoa farming in Pangsan village which is intercropped with coconut and bananatrees is financially feasible to be cultivated, with NPV of Rp 29.454.914,86, IRR of38%, and Net Benefit Cost Ratio (Net B/C) of 7,68, and the market prospect of cocoaproducts in Pangsan Village is not prospective for foodstuff, because the product ofcocoa produced is not fermented and not certified.

ITC-E chaupal”- A Strategic Agribusiness Approach towards Strengthening the Market Reach in Rural India

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. K. K. Agarwal ◽  
Preeti Singh
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Market Structure ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
New Era ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Supply Chain Model ◽  
Traditional Market

The direct contribution of agriculture sector to national economy is reflected by its share in total GDP, its foreign exchange earnings, and its role in supplying savings and labor to other sectors. However the contribution has declined in the last two decades. The traditional market structure of agriculture leads to exploitation of poor and illiterate farmers by intermediaries. ITC E-chaupal supply chain model is a strategic agribusiness approach to free this vulnerable section from the clutches of intermediaries by making them aware about market and other such information necessary for better farming. The success of E-choupal has signaled a new era in Indian agro-sector and is a win-win partnership between the farmers and the organization.

scholarly journals DUAL-CIRCUIT MONETARY AND FINANCIAL SYSTEM AS A TOOL FOR DEVELOPING THE NATIONAL ECONOMY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND ENSURING ITS SOVEREIGNTY

2020 ◽  
Vol 225 (5) ◽  
pp. 182-200
Author(s):  
RYABUKHIN SERGEI N. ◽  
◽  
MINCHENKOV MIKHAIL A. ◽  
VODYANOVA VERA V. ◽  
ZAPLETIN MAXIM P. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Foreign Exchange Reserves ◽  
Financial Instrument ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Structural Levels ◽  
Different Levels

The article is devoted to the ensuring the sovereignty of the national economy of the Russian Federation. The authors believe that the basis for achieving this goal is the creation of an investment circuit in the structure of the Russian financial system. The article presents an analysis of the structural levels of the modern international monetary and financial system and identifies the features of the functioning of countries belonging to different levels. The authors propose to expand the gold and foreign exchange reserves at the expense of a group of dual goods and create commodity and currency reserves, by help of which will then launch the internal investment circuit. The interaction of contours is proposed to be carried out using a new financial instrument “calculated gold”, which is formed according to the author’s algorithm.

scholarly journals Scenario Analysis of the Russian Forex Market Development Strategies

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 26-38
Author(s):  
E. A. Zvonova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Foreign Exchange Market ◽  
International Monetary System ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Macroeconomic Variables ◽  
Scenario Model

The subject of the research is the foresight into development strategies of the foreign exchange sector of the Russian financial market under the new geo-economic conditions and in the context of the international monetary system reform and sanctions on Russian transactions in the international financial market. The relevance of the problem is caused by the ruble volatility and strong fluctuations in the values of macroeconomic variables after 2014. The purpose of the research was to develop a scenario model for the development of the Russian forex market for the next three years based on three scenario forecasts: optimistic, pessimistic and conservative. A scenario model of the Russian foreign exchange market development was built by superimposing scenarios of the national economy development on the forex market development scenarios along with assessment of the possible impact of the forex market development on other national financial market segments. The model is based on international macroeconomic variables statistics, the state of Russia’s payment balance and also on a comparative analysis of the development indices of national economies of raw materials exporting countries and the national economy of Russia. For data aggregation and reduction to a single format, an information-logical model for formation of the research information base was developed. The obtained scenario model for the development of the Russian financial market forex sector has a high predictive capability. The paper concludes that, based on the scenario model, the forex sector of the Russian financial market will be fairly stable over the next three years, which should be taken into account by the Bank of Russia when making decisions on the forex policy and creation of international currency reserves.

scholarly journals Livestock research generated technologies and their impact on Bangladesh national economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 77-87
Author(s):  
Fauzia Yasmin ◽  
SM Khorshed Alam
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Livestock Sector ◽  
Research Investment ◽  
National Economic ◽  
National Economic Development ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
The Impact

This study was conducted by using annual research investment data of BLRI to estimate the impact of livestock research generated technologies on national economy of Bangladesh. The results showed that the livestock research investment was increased and consequently contribution in GDP of livestock sector was also increased. The result of Chow Test F1,35= 4.35  indicated that there is a great positive impact of livestock technologies on livestock Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The results revealed that the contribution of generated livestock technologies through annual investment Tk.1.65 million in livestock research, which was increased livestock GDP by Tk. 3,044.56 million annually which saved Tk. 2913.93 million of import expenditures of livestock products from outside countries. Therefore, to save significant amounts of foreign exchange through reducing imports and earn more foreign exchange through export; more investment on livestock research is needed. Hence, further national economic development, Bangladesh government must emphasize research investment for generating livestock technologies. Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 20(1-2): 77-87, Jan-Dec 2013

THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF THE EVOLUTION OF MONETARY SYSTEMS OF RUSSIA IN EXTREME MILITARY-POLITICAL CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE FIRST HALF OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY (IN CONNECTION WITH THE 80TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BEGINNING OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR)

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-117
Author(s):  
Irina A. Nazarova
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Foreign Exchange Reserves ◽  
War Economy ◽  
Monetary Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

The author of the article, addressed to those who teach and study in higher education economic theory, the history of economic thought and the socio-economic history of Russia, proceeds from the premise that changes in the socio-economic system of the country during the period of change in the dominant technological order actualize the development of the theory of money and the study of various stages of historical evolution of the domestic monetary economy (Russian monetary systems). In this context, an analysis of those periods of this evolution in the first half of the twentieth century, when the credit ruble becomes an extraordinary resource of the «war economy», unfolds. The article also examines the peculiarities of monetary circulation during the operation of the gold standard system and during the period of gold «leaving» to the state reserve fund. The author puts forward a hypothesis according to which the changes taking place in the monetary system in connection with the demonetization of gold are the accumulation of prerequisites for the transition to a post-industrial economic system. Inclusion in the analysis of the events of the global military-political history of 1914–1917 and 1941–1945, i.e. events of the First and Second World Wars, helps to reveal the real basis on which a special type of economic relations was formed — the phenomenon of «war economy». The article identifies the key factors of instability in the twentieth century — industrial, monetary and world crises. The study of the peculiarities of the development of the crisis in peacetime and in the conditions of a «military-inflationary economy» in the works of prominent Russian economists deepens the understanding of the structural deformation of the national economy. It is shown that the «price revolution», which characterizes the explosive growth of inflation, has become a vivid manifestation of the world economic instability during the development of extreme military-political events in Russia and in the countries of Western Europe. Attention is drawn to the fact that the «price revolution» in the conjuncture theory of M.I. Tugan-Baranovsky and the works of Z.S. Katsenelenbaum was considered as a function of qualitative changes that took place in the economic system as a result of the expansion of the sphere of money circulation during the transition from natural production to industrial production. The «price revolution» manifested itself with the greatest force in the conditions of the «war economy». The destruction of the national economy was accompanied by the development of «golden» inflation, indicating a chronic commodity deficit. The author argues that the size of the accumulation of gold in 1920–1945, the emergence of large banks — custodians of the gold and foreign exchange reserves of the countries — members of the monetary unions — largely influenced the results of the competition between the three leading currencies (franc, pound and dollar), claiming to be the world leader. The conclusion is argued that the accumulation of gold and foreign exchange reserves in the conditions of the «war economy» accelerated the formation of a new monetary and financial «map» of the world in the second half of the twentieth century.

Peru's Black Market in Foreign Exchange

1991 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Grosse
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Foreign Exchange Market ◽  
Foreign Capital ◽  
Foreign Debt ◽  
Industrial Country ◽  
Black Market ◽  
Exchange Market ◽  
Service Cost

The foreign exchange market in Peru experienced the same kinds of overwhelming volatility and severe shocks as the rest of the national economy during the 1980s. Beginning in 1980, Peru's economy was buffeted by a severe decline in copper prices followed, in 1982, by a huge increase in real debt servicing costs as a result of the drop in industrial-country inflation and remaining high dollar interest rates. This simultaneous squeeze on export earnings and hike in debt service cost led to an inability to meet foreign debt commitments and, essentially, a cutoff from access to foreign capital.

scholarly journals Geography of agricultural exports from Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 11009
Author(s):  
Ihor Kholoshyn ◽  
Svitlana Mantulenko ◽  
Accola Sharon Joyce ◽  
Daniel Sherick ◽  
Talgat Uvaliev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Fats And Oils ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Accounting Data ◽  
Agricultural Exports ◽  
Plant Products ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Export Specialization

Based on the generalization and systematization of scientific and accounting data, the article considers agriculture as one of the leading sectors of the Ukrainian economy, providing 50% of foreign exchange earnings from exports of all goods from the country. The structure and geography of agricultural exports from Ukraine are analyzed. The existing export potential of the studied sector of the national economy and the level of self-sufficiency of Ukraine in agri-food products are revealed. Four specialization types of agricultural exports from Ukrainian regions are established: areas with dominance in export of animal origin products; areas with a dominance in the export of plant products; areas with a predominance in the export of animal or vegetable origin fats and oils; area, with mixed export specialization. Recommendations for the re-profiling of agricultural production in a number of the country’s regions in order to increase exports of this product type.

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