Essential oil from Zanthoxylum tingoassuiba loaded into multilamellar liposomes useful as antimicrobial agents

Members of the genus Cinnamomum (Lauraceae) have aromatic volatiles in their leaves and bark and some species are commercially important herbs and spices. In this work, the essential oils from five species of Cinnamomum (C. damhaensis, C. longipetiolatum, C. ovatum, C. polyadelphum and C. tonkinense) growing wild in north central Vietnam were obtained by hydrodistillation, analyzed by gas chromatography and screened for antimicrobial and mosquito larvicidal activity. The leaf essential oil of C. tonkinense, rich in β-phellandrene (23.1%) and linalool (32.2%), showed excellent antimicrobial activity (MIC of 32 μg/mL against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans) and larvicidal activity (24 h LC50 of 17.4 μg/mL on Aedes aegypti and 14.1 μg/mL against Culex quinquefasciatus). Cinnamomum polyadelphum leaf essential oil also showed notable antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and mosquito larvicidal activity, attributable to relatively high concentrations of neral (11.7%) and geranial (16.6%). Thus, members of the genus Cinnamomum from Vietnam have shown promise as antimicrobial agents and as potential vector control agents for mosquitoes.

Download Full-text

Modulatory Effect of Lippia alba Essential Oil on the Activity of Clinically Used Antimicrobial Agents on Salmonella typhi and Shigella dysenteriae Biofilm

Scientia Pharmaceutica ◽

10.3390/scipharm86040052 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 86 (4) ◽

pp. 52

Author(s):

Andressa Batista ◽

Hilania Dodou ◽

Matheus Rodrigues ◽

Pedro Pereira ◽

Gleilton Sales ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Antimicrobial Agent ◽

Cell Viability ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Salmonella Typhi ◽

Shigella Dysenteriae ◽

Lippia Alba ◽

Microdilution Method ◽

Pharmacological Potential ◽

Main Components

The essential oil obtained from the leaves of Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown (Verbenaceae) has shown great pharmacological potential as an analgesic, antispasmodic, and antimicrobial agent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the modulatory effect of Lippia alba essential oil (LaEO I) on the activity of clinically used antimicrobial agents on Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (Salmonella typhi) and Shigella dysenteriae biofilms. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of LaEO I (MICLaEO I) was determined by the microdilution method, and the effect of LaEO I on the activity of clinically used antimicrobials was assessed by the Checkboard method. The values obtained from MICLaEO I and ciprofloxacin were used to evaluate the effect of time of exposure on cell viability. LaEO I main components were geranial (34.2%), neral (25.9%), and myrcene (12.5%). The MICLaEO I was 1 mg/mL for both strains. LaEO I positively modulated the action of ciprofloxacin, cefepime, and ceftriaxone. After the first hour of treatment with MICLaEO I, the cell viability of the strains showed a 5 log10 CFU/mL reduction, and the LaEO I-CIP association was able to inhibit growth during the first 6 h of the test. Regarding the anti-biofilm activity, MICLaEO I was able to reduce the biofilm mass of Salmonella typhi by 61.2% and of Shigella dysenteriae by 38.9%. MICLaEO I was not able to eradicate the preformed biofilm; however, there was a reduction in the biofilm microbial viability. LaEO I has the potential to be used as an antimicrobial agent and interferes with biofilm formation; also, it is able to reduce cell viability in preformed biofilm and synergistically modulate the activity of ciprofloxacin.

Download Full-text

Effect of Origanum heracleoticum L. essential oil on food-borne Penicillium aurantiogriseum and Penicilium chrysogenum isolates

Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke ◽

10.2298/zmspn1120083c ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 83-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ivana Cabarkapa ◽

Marija Skrinjar ◽

Nevena Nemet ◽

Ivan Milovanovic

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Food Additives ◽

Food Preservation ◽

Antimicrobial Compounds ◽

Food Borne ◽

Penicillium Aurantiogriseum ◽

Mic Value

Molds are ubiquitously distributed in nature and their spores can be found in the atmosphere even at high altitudes. The difficulty of controlling these undesirable molds, as well as the growing interest of the consumers in natural products, have been forcing the industry to find new alternatives for food preservation. The modern trends in nutrition suggest the limitation of synthetic food additives or substitution with natural ones. Aromatic herbs are probably the most important source of natural antimicrobial agents. Origanum heracleoticum L. essential oil has been known as an interesting source of antimicrobial compounds to be applied in food preservation. In the this work, we have investigated the effect of essential oil obtained from O. heracleoticum on growth of six isolates of Penicillium aurantiogriseum and four isolates of Penicillium chrysogenum isolated from meat plant for traditional Petrovacka sausage (Petrovsk? klob?sa) production. The findings reveal that the essential oil of O. heracleoticum provides inhibition of all of fungal isolates tested. O. heracleoticum L. essential oil exhibited higher antifungal activity against the isolates of P. chrysogenum than the isolates of P. aurantiogriseum. O. heracleoticum essential oil showed a MIC value ranging from 25 to 100 ?L/mL. The fungi cultivated in the medium with higher concentration of essential oil showed certain morphological changes. The alterations included lack of sporulation and loss of pigmentation.

Download Full-text

Essential oil nanoemulsions as antimicrobial agents in food

Journal of Biotechnology ◽

10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.07.005 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 233 ◽

pp. 106-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 188

Author(s):

Francesco Donsì ◽

Giovanna Ferrari

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Antimicrobial Agents

Download Full-text

Cinnamomum verum (True Cinnamon) Leaf Essential Oil as an Effective Therapeutic Alternative against Oral and Non-oral Biofilm Infections: A Brief Review

Brazilian Journal of Natural Sciences ◽

10.31415/bjns.v3i3.119 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 556

Author(s):

Gayan Kanchana Wijesinghe ◽

Thaís Rossini de Oliveira ◽

Flavia Camila Maia ◽

Simone Busato de Feiria ◽

Felipe Joia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Communicable Disease ◽

Resistance Mechanisms ◽

Therapeutic Agents ◽

Antimicrobial Drugs ◽

Hepatic Diseases ◽

Microbial Infections ◽

Leaf Essential Oil ◽

Biofilm Structure

Medicinal plants play a major role as an alternative therapeutic agents for various disease conditions including cardiac and hepatic diseases, microbial infections and non-communicable disease such as diabetes mellitus. With the excessive use of synthetic antimicrobial drugs, micro-organisms become more virulent and resistant to available antimicrobial therapeutic agents. Further majority (around 60%-80%) of human microbial infections are biofilm associated infections and various resistance mechanisms of biofilms make it more difficult to eradicate or treat biofilm infections using available antimicrobial therapeutics. Further, biofilm structure acts as a physical barrier and prevent penetration of antimicrobial agents towards the biofilm core. Currently, scientists pay their attention to invent novel effective antimicrobial agents with less side effects for these biofilm infections. Phytochemicals have identified as a potential alternative antimicrobial strategy in biofilm control and eradication. Cinnamomum verum is a native Sri Lankan medicinal plant that has been widely used as a culinary spice, exhibits many medicinal benefits especially activity against microbial infectious diseases. Essential oils extracted from leaf and bark of C. verum have been used as a safe and effective antimicrobial agents against various infections for centuries. This review analyses the available scientific literature evidences on appositeness of true cinnamon leaf essential oil as an alternative antimicrobial strategy to control microbial biofilm infections with medical importance.

Download Full-text

Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antifungal activity of Lippia Thymoide essential oil in oral pathogens

Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences ◽

10.20396/bjos.v20i00.8660219 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

pp. e210219

Author(s):

Tabata Resque Beckmann Carvalho ◽

Erich Brito Tanaka ◽

Amujacy Tavares Vilhena ◽

Paula Cristina Rodrigues Frade ◽

Ricardo Roberto de Souza Fonseca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Chemical Analysis ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽

Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Main Compound ◽

Bacteria And Fungi

Aim: This study evaluated the chemical composition of Lippia thymoides (Lt) essential oil and its antimicrobial activity against fungal strains of Candida albicans (Ca) and Gram-negative bacteria Prevotella intermedia (Pi) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn). Methods: Lt essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation apparatus with a modified Clevenger extension. The chemical analysis was analyzed by gas phase chromatography and mass spectrometry on Shimadzu QP 2010 plus. Sample sensitivity evaluation was performed by ABHb-inoculum and culture plates were developed with triphenyltetrazolium chloride, also Fn and Pi samples analysis were in anaerobic environment and Ca sample analysis was performed in aerobic environment. The minimum inhibitory concentration (CIM) was determinated by microdilution in eppendorfs tubes. Results: The chemical analysis showed that Thymol (59,91%) is the main compound found in Lt essential oil, also other antifungal and antimicrobial agents were present γ-terpinene (8.16%), p-cymene (7.29%) and β-caryophyllene (4.49%), Thymol is a central ingredient of many medicinal plants and has a potent fungicidal, bactericidal and antioxidant activity, it has been previously shown to have anti-inflammatory activity against Periodontal Disease (PD) cause can reduces prostanoids, interleukins, leukotrienes levels in periodontium. CIM result Pi was 6.5 μg/mL, Fn was 1.5 μg/mL and Ca was 0.19 μg/mL. Conclusion: The antimicrobial activity of L. thymoides, through the compound Thymol, has been shown promising potential against gram-negative periodontopathogenic bacteria and fungi whose therapeutic arsenal is still very restricted.

Download Full-text

Monitoring of Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils Using Molecular Markers

The Open Biotechnology Journal ◽

10.2174/1874070700903010103 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 103-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hend A. Hamedo

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

E Coli ◽

Specific Effects ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Rosemary Essential Oil

Technological application of essential oils, as natural antimicrobial agents, to reduce the effect of pathogenic microorganisms, requires new methods of detection. The present work evaluated the parameters of antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) on two pathogenic strains Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The MBC and MIC values were of 2.5, 25 μl ml-1, and values of 1.25 and 5 μl ml-1 for the two strains respectively. In this study, an attempt has been made to evaluate randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis for its potential to establish antimicrobial effect of rosemary essential oil. For the preliminary assessment, this study compared the effects occurring at molecular levels in E. coli and Staph. aureus exposed to rosemary essential oil at the MIC concentrations for the two organisms. The qualitative modifications arising in random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profiles as a measure of DNA effects were compared with control which showed many differences. In conclusion, the measurement of parameters at molecular levels is valuable for investigating the specific effects of agents interacting with DNA.

Download Full-text

Antimicrobial activity of some Iranian medicinal plants

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs1003633g ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 633-641 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Pirbalouti Ghasemi ◽

Parvin Jahanbazi ◽

Shekoofeh Enteshari ◽

Fatemeh Malekpoor ◽

Behzad Hamedi

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Food Preservation ◽

Arnebia Euchroma ◽

Agar Disc ◽

Satureja Bachtiarica ◽

Bacteria And Fungi

The major aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of the extracts of eight plant species which are endemic in Iran. The antimicrobial activities of the extracts of eight Iranian traditional plants, including Hypericum scabrum, Myrtus communis, Pistachia atlantica, Arnebia euchroma, Salvia hydrangea, Satureja bachtiarica, Thymus daenensis and Kelussia odoratissima, were investigated against Escherichia coli O157:H7, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes and Candida albicans by agar disc diffusion and serial dilution assays. Most of the extracts showed a relatively high antimicrobial activity against all the tested bacteria and fungi. Of the plants studied, the most active extracts were those obtained from the essential oils of M. communis and T. daenensis. The MIC values for active extract and essential oil ranged between 0.039 and 10 mg/ml. It can be said that the extract and essential oil of some medicinal plants could be used as natural antimicrobial agents in food preservation. .

Download Full-text

Cymbopogon nardus Essential Oil as Protein Inducer in Bacillus subtilis ATCC21332

Malaysian Journal of Science Health & Technology ◽

10.33102/mjosht.v1i1.18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hairul Shahril Muhamad ◽

Ismatul Nurul Asyikin Ismail ◽

Nabilah Ahmad Alhadi ◽

Salina Mat Radzi ◽

Maryam Mohamed Rehan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Protein Production ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Sodium Dodecyl ◽

Extracellular Proteins ◽

Specific Chemical ◽

Cymbopogon Nardus

Protein production by bacteria might be increased in stressful conditions such as in the presence of antimicrobial agents. Many studies have proven that antibiotics or antimicrobial agents at low concentration are able to activate or repress gene transcription process in bacteria. However, there have been comparatively few studies on the potential of natural compounds in nature as a specific chemical signal that can trigger a variety of biological functions. An attempt was made to study the effect of essential oil from Cymbopogon nardus in regulating protein production by Bacillus subtilis ATCC21332. The bacterial cells were further exposed to the C. nardus essential oil at concentration of 0.02 % for 48 h at 37°C. The intracellular proteins were then isolated and analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Proteins profile showed that a band with approximate size of 180 kDa appeared for the treated bacteria with C. nardus essential oil. An alignment of peptide sequences to the NCBI BLAST database revealed that B. subtilis ATCC21332 in stressful condition tend to produce intracellular protein recognized as respiratory nitrate reductase ? subunit enzyme. Besides, the extracellular proteins secreted by B. subtilis ATCC21332 after being subjected to 0.02% of C. nardus essential oil for 48 and 72 h at 30°C, were further analyzed on antimicrobial activity. The extracellular proteins secreted by B. subtilis ATCC21332 prior to enhancing with 0.02 % C. nardus essential oil at 30°C for 72 h exhibited antimicrobial activity towards two strains of bacteria, which are Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli.

Download Full-text