scholarly journals Gallic acid mitigates diclofenac-induced liver toxicity by modulating oxidative stress and suppressing IL-1β gene expression in male rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 590-596
Author(s):  
Mohsen Esmaeilzadeh ◽  
Esfandiar Heidarian ◽  
Mehrnoosh Shaghaghi ◽  
Hoshang Roshanmehr ◽  
Mohammad Najafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Male Rats

scholarly journals Silymarin mitigates diclofenac-induced liver toxicity through inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress in male rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pantea Ramezannezhad ◽  
Ali Nouri ◽  
Esfandiar Heidarian
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Introduction: Diclofenac (DIC) is one of the compounds derived from acetic acid which isknown for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic attributes. Silymarin is a flavonoid compoundwhich is derivate from Silybum marianum seeds. This research was done to assess the protectiverole of silymarin against liver toxicity induced by DIC in male rats.Methods: Randomly, 40 male Wistar rats were assigned into five groups as follows: Group 1:control group, Group 2: DIC-only treated (50 mg/kg, i.p), Group 3: silymarin-only treated (200mg/kg, p.o); Groups 4 and 5: DIC (50 mg/kg, i.p) plus silymarin (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, p.o,respectively) treated. Various biochemical, molecular, and histological parameters were evaluatedin serum and tissue.Results: In the DIC-only treated group, the levels of liver glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxidedismutase (SOD), intracellular glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) significantly diminished andthe levels of total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), nitrite, alanine aminotransferase (ALT),malondialdehyde (MDA), serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), and TNF-α gene expression were remarkably elevated relative to control animals. In otherhands, treatment with silymarin caused a noticeable elevation in GPx, SOD, GSH, CAT and aremarkable reduction in levels of total bilirubin, ALP, nitrite content, ALT, MDA, serum TNF-α,AST and TNF-α gene expression relative to DIC-only treated group. Histopathological injurieswere also improved by silymarin administration.Conclusion: The results confirm that silymarin has an ameliorative effect on liver toxicity inducedby DIC and oxidative stress in male rats.

Effect of l-carnitine on aspartame-induced oxidative stress, histopathological changes, and genotoxicity in liver of male rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reham Z. Hamza ◽  
Rasha A. Al-Eisa ◽  
Amir E. Mehana ◽  
Nahla S. El-Shenawy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
Liver Markers

Abstract Background Aspartame (ASP) is used for treatment of obesity and diabetes mellitus. This study was designed to illustrate the biochemical responses and histopathological alterations besides the genotoxicity of ASP alone or with l-carnitine (LC) in the liver of rats. Methods Animals were separated into six groups: control, lower dose of ASP (ASP-LD; 75 mg/kg), higher dose of ASP (ASP-HD; 150 mg/kg), l-carnitine (LC; 10 mg/kg), ASP-LD plus LC, and ASP-HD plus LC. Treatment was carried out orally for 30 consecutive days. Results ASP raised the activity of some enzymes of liver markers and disturbed the lipid profile levels. The hepatic reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, the marker enzymes of antioxidant activities, were obviously diminished, and, possibly, the lipid peroxidation, C-reactive protein, and interleukins levels were increased. ASP significantly increased the DNA deterioration in comparison with the control in a dose-dependent manner. LC prevented ASP-induced liver damage as demonstrated by the enhancement of all the above parameters. Results of histopathological and electron microscopic examination proved the biochemical feedback and the improved LC effect on liver toxicity. Conclusions The co-treatment of LC showed different improvement mechanisms against ASP-induced liver impairment. So, the intake of ASP should be regulated and taken with LC when it is consumed in different foods or drinks to decrease its oxidative stress, histopathology, and genotoxicity of liver.

scholarly journals Roles of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract in Improving the Impact of High Dietary Intake of Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Liver Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, Genotoxicity, DNA Damage, and PCNA Alterations in Male Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarfa Albrahim ◽  
Manal Abdulaziz Binobead
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
The Impact

It is common for food to be made more palatable through the use of the flavour enhancer monosodium glutamate, also known as vetsin powder. The purpose of the study described in this paper was to explore how vetsin-induced hepatic toxicity, DNA fragmentation, damage, and oxidative stress modifications could be mitigated with moringa leaf extract (MLE). To that end, 40 male rats were separated into four groups: normal control, positive control or MLE, vetsin, and vetsin combined with MLE. Results indicated that, compared to the control group, the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), liver malondialdehyde (MDA), DNA damage, injury, PCNA, and P53 expressions were significantly enhanced by the administration of vetsin (P<0.05). However, the vetsin group had significantly reduced levels of albumin, globulin, total protein, liver glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD), catalase, and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzyme activities (P<0.05) by comparison to control. Meanwhile, modifications in liver functions, oxidative stress, DNA damage, liver injury, and PCNA expression were alleviated when vetsin was administered alongside MLE. The authors conclude that vetsin may have many side effects and that MLE can ameliorate biochemical changes, oxidative stress, hepatic injury, PCNA, and P53 alterations induced by vetsin administration.

Protective effects of lycopene on hippocampal neurotoxicity and memory impairment induced by bisphenol A in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1066-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
EM El Morsy ◽  
MAE Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Erk Pathway ◽  
Concurrent Treatment ◽  
Learning And Cognition

Bisphenol A (BPA) is used to produce polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins which are used in many consumer products. Most people encounter BPA in their daily routines. However, it has been heavily reported that BPA has a neurotoxic effect. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of lycopene on cognitive deficits induced by a high dose of BPA focusing on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and memory retrieval in adult male rats. Therefore, 72 rats were divided into four groups: control group, BPA group (50 mg/kg body weight (bw)) 3 days a week for 42 days, lycopene group (10 mg/kg bw) daily for 42 days, and lycopene + BPA group. Concurrent treatment of lycopene with BPA improved the learning and cognition memory in Morris water maze and novel object recognition tests along with an increase in acetylcholine esterase activity as well as inhibition of oxidative stress by restoring reduced glutathione and suppressing malondialdehyde hippocampal level to their normal levels. Mechanistically, lycopene upregulated the protein expression of tyrosine receptor kinase B, which resulted in an upsurge in its downstream cascades MAPK/ERK1/2/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB)/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling pathway in the hippocampus of BPA-intoxicated rats. Furthermore, concurrent treatment of lycopene with BPA prevented apoptosis by marked decrease in Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) gene expression and caspase 3 activity while restoring B-cell leukemia/lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) gene expression. In conclusion, the present study provided evidence that lycopene exerted a neuroprotective effect against BPA intoxication in hippocampi of rats via its antioxidant properties, activation of MAPK/ERK pathway, and inhibiting a neuronal apoptosis which reflected on improving the learning and cognition memory.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Vitamin D in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus Induced in a Rat Model: Pancreatic Tissues

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Reham Z. Hamza ◽  
Rasha A. Al-Eisa ◽  
Nahla S. El-Shenawy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cytokine Gene Expression ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Peripheral Tissues

Treatment with mesenchyme stem cells (MSCs) plays a significant role in the therapies of many diseases such as diabetics. Vitamin D plays a significant role in the development of insulin and can increase the insulin action sensitivity of peripheral tissues. Moreover, there is limited research concerning the mechanism of the therapeutic action of MSCs with the combination of vitamin D (vit. D). Therefore, we evaluated the effect of MSC intervention in a diabetic animal model. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) injection at a dose of 50 mg/kg in adult male rats The diabetic rats were injected with MSCs derived from bone marrow (2 × 106 per rat), either alone or in combination with vit. D through the tail vein for four weeks. Serum insulin, glucose, C-peptide, glycosylated hemoglobin, and lipid profile levels were determined. Pancreatic oxidative stress, histology, and electron microscopy were evaluated, and the gene expression of cytokines was assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction PCR. MSC treatment suppressed pancreatic inflammatory cytokine secretion and oxidative stress in diabetic rats, resulting in improved pancreatic histology and cellular structure, and the complication of hyperglycemia was observed. Engrafted MSCs were found inside degraded pancreatic regions and regulated inflammatory cytokines. Our results demonstrated that treatment with MSCs and vit. D in combination prevented pancreatic injury via antioxidant and immune regulation in diabetic rats, contributing to the prevention of pancreatic dysfunction, improvement of lipid metabolism, and regulation of cytokine gene expression compared with each one separately. All these mechanisms also improved the histological structure of the pancreas based on transmission electron microscopy. The combination of MSCs and vit. D appears to have contributed to a greater improvement in the diabetic pancreatic complication of rats than was observed by each one separately. Therefore, this association can be used as antidiabetic therapy.

scholarly journals The effect of Kappaphycus alvarezii active fraction on oxidative stress and inflammation in streptozotocin and nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evy Yulianti ◽  
Sunarti ◽  
Mae Sri Hartati Wahyuningsih
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Kappaphycus Alvarezii ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Nadph Oxidase 4

Abstract Background High glucose concentration increases the glycation process which leads to oxidative stress and inflammation, that can cause complications in diabetes. Several medicinal plants have been used in the treatment of diabetes and its complications. One of them is Kappaphycus alvarezii, an algae that has known antidiabetic abilities. This study aimed to examine the effect of K. alvarezii active fraction on plasma hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNFα) levels, renal NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) and Nuclear Factor κ B (NFκB) gene expressions. Methods Active fraction was obtained from bioassay-guided fractionation with antiglycation ability. In vivo study was performed on twenty Wistar male rats. The level of H2O2 was measured using H2O2 Assay Kit, the Optical Density value measured using spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 405 nm. Plasma TNFα level was measured using ELISA. Renal NOX4 and NFκB gene expression was analyzed using qPCR. Results Active fraction significantly reduced plasma H2O2 but not TNFα levels. Furthermore, renal NOX4 gene expression was lower in the diabetic rat group treated with active fraction compared to the untreated group but not NFκB gene expression. Conclusions K. alvarezii active fraction has an activity to reduce plasma H2O2 as well as renal NOX4 gene expression. Therefore, this fraction could be developed as a potential candidate for diabetes treatment through oxidative stress mechanisms.

scholarly journals Nephroprotective effect of silymarin against diclofenac induced renal damage and oxidative stress in male rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Nouri ◽  
Esfandiar Heidarian
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Tissue Homogenate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Introduction: Diclofenac (DIC), a phenylacetic acid compound which belongs to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), is generally used for the treatment of various diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, acute muscle pain conditions and osteoarthritis. Overdose of DIC can lead to renal injuries in both experimental animal and human. Our research was done to assess the protective role of silymarin on renal damage induced by DIC in rats. Methods: Thirty-two Wistar rats were assigned to four groups (n=8/group). Group 1 was control group; animals in group 2 were administrated DIC; Groups 3 and 4 administrated DIC plus silymarin with doses of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, orally (p.o), respectively. Various biochemical, molecular, and histological parameters were evaluated in serum and tissue homogenate. Results: In the second group, the levels of kidney catalase (CAT), vitamin C and superoxide dismutase (SOD) remarkably reduced (P < 0.05) relative to the control group. Also, urea, creatinine (Cr), malondialdehyde (MDA), serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and gene expression of TNF-α in this group were noticeably elevated (P < 0.05) relative to the control group. Treatment with silymarin caused a remarkable elevation (P < 0.05) in vitamin C, SOD, CAT and a remarkable reduction (P < 0.05) in the content of MDA, urea, Cr, TNF-α gene expression and serum TNF-α in comparison with second group. Histological injuries were also ameliorated by silymarin administration. Conclusion: The results confirm that silymarin has an ameliorative role against renal damage and oxidative stress induced by DIC in male rats.

scholarly journals Chronic exposure of adult male Wistar rats to bisphenol A causes testicular oxidative stress: Role of gallic acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Gbadebo Olukole ◽  
Eunice Olufunke Ola-Davies ◽  
Damilare Olaniyi Lanipekun ◽  
Bankole Olusiji Oke
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

AbstractObjectives. Bisphenol A (BPA) has been reported that among other male reproductive dys-functions, it can cause marked estrogenic effects including alteration in serum hormones as well as testicular lesions in exposed animals. This work sought to study the role of gallic acid (GA), a known antioxidant, on the BPA-induced testicular oxidative stress in adult male Wistar rats using serum hormone analysis, histopathology, and biochemical assays.Methods. Adult male rats were divided into four groups (n=10) including control (0.2 ml of corn oil), GA (20 mg/kg/day), BPA (10 mg/kg/day), BPA+GA (BPA, 10 mg/kg/day + GA, 20 mg/kg/day). All medications were given by oral gavage for 45 consecutive days. The body and testicular weights were measured. Blood and organ samples were collected for the serum hormonal assay: testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin (PRL), and tissue biochemistry analysis: superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), respectively.Results. The BPA-treated rats showed significant reduction in the gonadosomatic index. BPA also caused significant decrease in the levels of the serum testosterone and prolactin. Furthermore, BPA induced testicular oxidative stress by decreasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and increasing reactive oxygen species. However, co-treatment with GA protected against these alterations.Conclusion. Findings from the present study confirmed the previously reported data and show that the ability of GA, as a potent antioxidant, may protect against BPA-induced alterations in the male reproductive function. Hence, GA protects against testicular oxidative stress in adult male Wistar rats following chronic exposure to BPA.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document