Understanding the impact of road design characteristic on teen driver’s fatality

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woon Kim ◽  
A. M. Svancara ◽  
T. Kelley-Baker
Keyword(s):  
Design Characteristic ◽  
Road Design ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals AN EVALUATION OF AIRPORT WAYFINDING AND SIGNAGE ON SENIOR DRIVER BEHAVIOUR AND SAFETY OF AIRPORT ROAD ACCESS DESIGN

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-129
Author(s):  
Nur Khairiel Anuar ◽  
Romano Pagliari ◽  
Richard Moxon
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Driver Behaviour ◽  
Driving Behaviour ◽  
Road Design ◽  
Driver Performance ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Car Driving

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of different wayfinding provision on senior driving behaviour and road safety. A car driving simulator was used to model scenarios of differing wayfinding complexity and road design. Three scenario types were designed consisting of 3.8 miles of airport road. Wayfinding complexity varied due to differing levels of road-side furniture. Experienced car drivers were asked to drive simulated routes. Forty drivers in the age ranges: 50 to 54, 55 to 59 and those aged over 60 were selected to perform the study. Participants drove for approximately 20 minutes to complete the simulated driving. The driver performance was compared between age groups. Results were analysed by Mean, Standard Deviation and ANOVA Test, and discussed with reference to the use of the driving simulator. The ANOVA confirmed that age group has a correlation between road design complexity, driving behaviour and driving errors.

scholarly journals VEHICLE USED TIRES RECYCLING AND REGENERATION TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS / TRANSPORTO PRIEMONIŲ NAUDOTŲ PADANGŲ UTILIZAVIMO IR REGENERAVIMO TECHNOLOGIJŲ ANALIZĖ

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-117
Author(s):  
Jevgenij Gavrilov ◽  
Henrikas Sivilevičius
Keyword(s):  
Technology Analysis ◽  
Road Design ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Waste Tyre ◽  
The Impact

The paper analyses waste tyre rubber treatment technologies. According to foreign countries and Lithuanian experiment results, positive and negative features of the utilization methods are presented. Data of experiments is presented using tyre rubber in clinker burning furnaces. Here is also information on the use of rubber additive in concrete and the impact to road design. Formulated conclusions.

scholarly journals Influence of Waste Cork with Thinner on the Rheological Properties of Asphalt

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 701-707
Author(s):  
Khalid A. Mohammed ◽  
Ali I. Mansi ◽  
Suha M. Salih
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Road Design ◽  
Natural Rock ◽  
Efficient Construction ◽  
Natural Asphalt ◽  
Paste Content ◽  
The Impact

Over the last two decades, the rapid and continued deterioration of the transportation network has been regarded as a major issue. There are many measures that can be taken to reduce this deterioration and improve road specifications, including improving road design, using higher quality materials, and using more efficient construction methods. This study is concerned with three principles: including investigating the impact of using waste paste on the rheological properties of bitumen; the environmental pollution that is a global problem; and the economic benefits as a result of the reusing of waste materials such as corks to produce new reusable materials like Modified-Asphalt. In this research, cork has been melted by thinner and mixed with asphalt to get a good paste with weight percentages of 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7%. After conducting the necessary tests on the samples, it was found that the addition of waste paste to virgin bitumen has softened the bitumen by decreasing the hardness and adhesiveness of the bitumen by increasing penetration with increasing cork paste content. The findings show that the current procedure can be used in cold regions because it requires less hard asphalt than that used in hot regions. It can also be used with natural asphalt, like natural rock asphalt, in various percent to give asphalt with suitable properties for use in roofing and paving roads.

Accessibility Mapping through Linking Land-Use Development Potentials and Planning for Cycling

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-540
Author(s):  
Tanu Priya Uteng ◽  
Andre Uteng
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Programme Implementation ◽  
Policy Objective ◽  
Road Design ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The transport sector aims to address climate change by reducing emissions, and a key to achieving this goal is to increase uptake of sustainable modes such as walking, cycling, and public transport. Therefore, it is important to determine ways to achieve this goal and to build a portfolio of feasible reduction strategies. This study is based in Norway where the government has a clear policy objective to reduce growth in urban car traffic and assimilate future sustainable transport modes. Cycling has therefore gained importance in both policy discussions and programme implementation through providing dedicated infrastructure to increase its modal share. Ways to increase cycling can be plotted at both macro- and microlevels. At the micro-level, road design and improved conditions for cyclists can lead to an increase in cycling. At the macro-level, land-use planning can be one of the tools to promote cycling. We analyse the issue at a macro-level based on an Integrated Methodology for Land Use prognosis within Transportation Models (INMAP) which estimates the mutual eff ects of land-use plans and increased accessibility by e-bike. We assess the extent to which future growth areas, as earmarked by the strategic master plans of the cities of Oslo and Trondheim, coincide with the areas that have a high job accessibility by bicycle and e-bike. Analyses reveal that on the introduction of e-bikes in Oslo, accessibility to jobs in the city centre increases from 20,000–24,000 to over 28,000 jobs. For Trondheim, in terms of spatial expansion of accessibility for jobs, there is an extension of the catchment area from 6 km2 to 18 km2. Based on the findings, this study strongly recommends integrating the impact of e-bikes with land-use planning processes and decisions. Through active land-use management, municipalities and regional development authorities can take informed decisions to steer urban mobility in a more sustainable direction.

scholarly journals Modeling Urban Road Scenarios to Evaluate Intersection Visibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 354
Author(s):  
Keila González-Gómez ◽  
Derrick K. Rollins ◽  
María Castro
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Urban Road ◽  
Road Design ◽  
Sight Distance ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Impact

Road safety is key to sustainable mobility. Rapid technological advances have allowed several road safety-related analyses, previously performed in situ, to be conducted virtually. These virtual analyses benefit understanding of how roads operate and how users perceive them. Additionally, they facilitate the assessment of several parameters that are fundamental to road design and operation. The available sight distance (ASD) is one of these parameters that, if not provided adequately, could alter the proper functioning of roads. This study presents a framework to assess the impact of certain features on visibility. First, the ASD is estimated using a geographic information system (GIS)-based procedure with LiDAR-derived three-dimensional (3D) models. Afterward, obstructions are detected and categorized. If the obstruction cannot be removed, their redesign or relocation is simulated to re-run the analysis. These simulations are performed using 3D city objects, and their results are statistically evaluated, providing evidence as to their effects on visibility. The results proved that the procedure helped achieve the efficient use of roadside space, while including safety concerns. Additionally, this study reflects the need for more inspections on the impact of on-street parking on drivers’ fields of view.

THE IMPACT OF AIRPORT ROAD WAYFINDING ONSENIOR DRIVER BEHAVIOUR

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Nur Khairiel Anuar ◽  
Rohafiz Sabar ◽  
Romano Pagliari ◽  
Richard Moxon
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Driver Behaviour ◽  
Road Design ◽  
Driver Performance ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Car Driving

The purpose of this study was to measure the impacts of airport road access design and wayfinding systems on senior driver performances. A car driving simulator was used to model scenarios of differing wayfinding complexity and road design. Three scenario types were designed consisting of 3.8 miles of airport road (i.e. approximately 4 minutes driving to complete each scenario). Experienced car drivers were asked to drive simulated routes. Forty drivers in the age ranges: 50 to 54, 55 to 59 and those aged over 60 were selected to perform the study. Participants drove for approximately 20 minutes to complete the simulated driving. The driver performance was compared between age groups. Results were analysed by Mean, Standard Deviation and ANOVA Test, and discussed with reference to the use of the driving simulator. The ANOVA results showed that in comparison of senior drivers’ age group, there is a low impact between driving behaviour and road safety on airport road access wayfinding design.

scholarly journals Determination of maximum axial loads at the stage of operation of non-rigid pavements based on the analysis of complete deformation diagrams

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenia Uglova ◽  
Artem Tiraturyan ◽  
Evgeny Roman ◽  
Evgeny Belousov
Keyword(s):  
Axial Load ◽  
Dissipated Energy ◽  
Axial Loads ◽  
Road Design ◽  
Load Limit ◽  
Proportional Increase ◽  
Complete Deformation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Deformation Diagrams

The article is devoted to the development and experimental justification of the possibility of determining the axial loads of flexible pavements on the basis of full deformation diagrams recorded under shock loading. Results: The drawbacks of the existing regulatory methods for determining the axial load limit from the impact of vehicles at the operation stage are considered. It is noted that the definition of axial loads only on the strength factor, has several disadvantages associated with the need for information on the design value of the modulus of elasticity of the pavement, as well as the inconsistency of the existing regulatory framework for road design with real traffic loads. It is proposed to determine the maximum axial loads on the basis of the analysis of the complete deformation diagrams recorded at different values of the dynamic load shock load. For the first time, an approach to determining axial loads is proposed, based on the construction of a curve in the coordinates “increase of dissipated energy (ΔW) – load on the coating (F)”, and the load initiating the transition from proportional increase of the dissipated energy with increasing contact load, disproportionately. An example is given of determining the maximum axial load on the pavement cover for the exploited section of the M4 “DON” highway Conclusions: The possibility of determining the limiting axial loads on the pavement coating, based on the analysis of the complete deformation diagrams recorded during impact loading on the pavement coating, was experimentally justified. The need for further improvement and a set of a database of experimental data on changes in limiting axial loads in different periods of the year is noted.

An Approach to Identify the Impact of Human Intervention on Major Defects in Road Design, Construction and Maintenance

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Boboc ◽  
Ancuţa Rotaru ◽  
Vasile Boboc ◽  
Gupinath Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Human Error ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Design ◽  
Design Deficiencies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Construction Defects

The need to build and run roads offering structural integrity led to great advances in the fields of material sciences and fracture mechanics, but construction defects occur to either the new roads or the old ones. There are generally four categories of construction defects referring to roads: construction deficiencies, design deficiencies, material deficiencies, and subsurface deficiencies, but it is not uncommon for a design deficiency to link on to construction deficiencies in the structure.The paper aims to emphasise that people think different about hazard and safety especially when they build roads. Differently put, roads rely more heavily on their makers and users to limit both the occurrence and impact of human error in construction and maintenance on the one hand and to rectify and rehabilitate on the other hand to improve the safety performance of road transport systems and keep accidents from occurring.The paper aims to provide information about the defects occurred in the road construction and maintenance affecting human safety bringing forward practical examples. Moreover, it examines the materials widely implemented in the road construction from the viewpoint of their technological restraints and possible deficiencies. It also analyses some of the methods used on fields about how they might positively influence the road reliability and the human security implicitly.

scholarly journals Approach of Pavement Surface Layer Degradation Caused by Tire Contact Using Semi-Analytical Model

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2117
Author(s):  
Edem Yawo Manyo ◽  
Benoit Picoux ◽  
Philippe Reynaud ◽  
Rémi Tautou ◽  
Daniel Nelias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Transverse Cracks ◽  
Road Design ◽  
Deformation Limit ◽  
Precise Knowledge ◽  
Tractive Rolling ◽  
Micro Deformation ◽  
Stress And Deformation ◽  
The Impact

New methods of degradations on the pavement’s surface, such as top-down cracking and delamination, caused by the repeated passage of heavy vehicles led to questions about the impact of the contact between the tire and the pavement. In fact, to increase the service life of the structures, future road design methods must have a precise knowledge of the consequences of the contact parameters on the state of stress and deformation in the pavement. In this paper, tractive rolling contact under the effect of friction is modeled by Kalker’s theory using a semi-analytical method (SAM). A tire profile is performed thanks to a digitization by fringes or a photogrammetry technique. The effect of rolling on the main surface extension deformations is then highlighted to study top cracking. At the end of the SAM calculation, contact areas are closed to 200 μdef, exceeding the allowable micro-deformation limit for the initiation of cracking. In addition, results on the main strain directions also give information on the direction of cracking (initiation of longitudinal or transverse cracks). The cracking then becomes evident, leading to a reduced service life.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document