scholarly journals Technology of strip chemical treatment in the resource-saving system of agriculture in Volgograd region

2021 ◽  
Vol 843 (1) ◽  
pp. 012021
Author(s):  
I B Borisenko ◽  
M V Meznikova ◽  
E I Ulybina
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Spray Solution ◽  
Rational Distribution ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Working Solution ◽  
Cultivated Plant ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Rate Of Consumption

Abstract To preserve and restore disturbed lands and reduce the damaging impact on air, plants and soil, it is necessary to apply resource-saving technologies. Strip-till technology is recommended for tilled crops. The technical solution is offered to increase the efficiency of the working solution use due to the rational distribution on the objects of influence and increase of its uniformity. That is, it is possible to reduce the hectare rate of consumption of the working solution by using the method of strip chemical treatment of plants. This is achieved by the redistribution of the working solution between the row and the row with the cultivated plant. The technical solution is to equip the serial sprayer with two lines with spray nozzles and special separator bodies. After a quick changeover in the field without the use of special tools, it is possible to switch from continuous spraying to strip spraying and back. At switching over to strip spraying, the spray solution is sprayed strictly along the strips of cultivated plant growth and covers the whole surface of stem and leaves. This allows reducing the cost of liquid chemicalization agents application and accurately redistributing the working solution.

scholarly journals New technical solution for resource-saving tasks in chemical plant protection

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 01006
Author(s):  
Ivan Borisenko ◽  
Marina Meznikova ◽  
Omariy Chamurliev ◽  
Ekaterina Ulybina
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
The Cost

The problems in the production of row crops are considered. The technical solution in the field of chemical protection of plants, aimed at obtaining high quality products while reducing the cost of production, is offered. The retrofitting of serial boom sprayers with special divider bodies makes it possible to retain the function of continuous spraying with the possibility of chemical treatment in strips at the desired phase of growth and development of cultivated plants. It also describes the possibility of solving environmental problems in the agricultural industry by reducing the chemical load on the soil.

scholarly journals Technology and tools for strip tillage in the energy-saving system of agriculture in Volgograd region

2021 ◽  
Vol 843 (1) ◽  
pp. 012020
Author(s):  
I B Borisenko ◽  
M V Meznikova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Adjustment Mechanism ◽  
Fine Soil ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Zone Parameters ◽  
Strip Tillage

Abstract The article highlights the results of research in strip farming. The method of minimum soil tillage, a resource-saving working body ROPA and a soil tillage tool for strip ripping OMPO-5.6, which are designed to perform fine soil tillage with strip deepening, are proposed. Adjustment of loosening depth from bit is achieved within the range of 0.25-0.4 m and is selected taking into account the crop grown in the farm. Availability of undercutter tine allows to regulate parameters of continuous ripping zone. Parameters of treated and untreated strips are regulated by location of undercutter paw. The design of the tool provides a smooth adjustment mechanism by which the width of the cultivated strip can be changed within 0.25-0.35 m. This makes it possible to use the implement for different tilled crops. The technological process carried out by this working body helps to reduce the wounding effect on the soil through a simple technical solution. Installation of side undercutting discs allows cultivating the soil within a given strip, and the process of cutting the soil in a blocked environment improves the quality of treatment.

scholarly journals Resource-saving technologies of hay harvesting in the mountainous zone of the Central Caucasus

2021 ◽  
Vol 211 (08) ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Irina Soldatova ◽  
Eduard Soldatov ◽  
Lyudmila Guluyeva
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Physiological Condition ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Stable Period ◽  
Central Caucasus ◽  
Increase In Productivity ◽  
The Cost

Abstract. The authors present the technology and descriptions of aggregates for hay harvesting on mountain slopes. The aim of the study is to reduce the loss of green mass when harvesting hay with the use of mountain modification aggregates, to improve the safety of hay with the use of a preservative (table salt). The object of the study is a complex of hay harvesters, aggregated with low-clearance tractors, designed to work on sloping areas with a slope of up to 16°. The tasks of the research included: to select a set of hay harvesters, to study and use their technical capabilities, which allow optimizing the harvesting time, ensuring the lowest losses of the harvested feed, increasing its quality and safety for the winter-stable period of keeping animals. The novelty of the technical solution is that the selected haymaking machines allow you to reduce the time of haymaking operations in mountainous areas and reduce the cost of manual labor. Tests of this technology were carried out in the mountain zone of the RSO – Alania (Dargavs basin, the stronghold of the SKNIIGPSH) at an altitude of 1540 m above sea level in the south-eastern exposure with a slope steepness of up to 150. Results. It was found that the content of pressed hay increased-feed units by 32.1 %; dry matter by 29.6 %; crude protein by 17.3 %; fat by 7.4 %; fiber by 14.2 %; sugar by 17.6 %; metabolic energy by 8.0 %. The developed technology allows more than 1.2 times to reduce mechanical losses, provides an increase in productivity compared to manual harvesting in 4–5 times, reducing the time cleaning 3 times at the same time increase the nutritive value of forage mass, increases palatability harvested forage 18.5 %, which positively affects the physiological condition of the animals during the winter housing period, increasing milk yield is 11.7 %.

scholarly journals Improving efficiency of chemical processing in strip-tilled row crops

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina V Meznikova ◽  
Ivan B Borisenko ◽  
Ekaterina I Ulybina ◽  
Olga V Boyarkina
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Chemical Effect ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Chemical Processing ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Working Solution

When growing crop products, it is important to use an integrated approach at the stages of planning technological operations and developing technical means for their implementation. In this case, the best result is achieved when coordinating operations on mechanical and chemical tillage, which provides for the protection and nutrition of plants. Along with this, it is important to consider following the applied technology to environmental principles, since agriculture directly affects the environment of our planet. Resource-saving technologies help preserve nature for future generations, restore natural fertility and take care of economic well-being. For row crops, the use of Strip-till technology is recommended. This requires 20...30% of all costs to direct to chemical treatment. Obviously, a decrease in the chemical effect on the soil during the transition to strip technology is necessary, and the introduced chemical should be redirected strictly to the target. A technical solution for the adaptation of serial sprayers is proposed, which consists of the use of strip spraying with the ability to accurately add and redistribute the working solution to the objects of influence, considering stage of plant development. This allows to reduce hectare application rates and stress of cultivated plants, and to save money on chemical processing. In addition, it also helps to solve environmental problems by reducing the chemical load on the soil. The proposed approach and technical solution make it possible to supplement the complex of machines for mechanical tillage in the framework of strip technology and reduce the chemical load on the biosphere.

scholarly journals Framing policy designs through contradictory emotions: The case of Czech single mothers

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna P Durnová ◽  
Eva M Hejzlarová
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Single Mothers ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Policy Goal ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Way

In public policy scholarship on policy design, emotions are still treated as opposed to goals, and their presence is assumed to signal that things have gone wrong. We argue, however, that understanding how and for whom emotions matter is vital to the dynamics of policy designs because emotions are central to the capacity building of policy intermediaries and, with that, to the success of public policies. We examine the case of Czech single mothers in their role as intermediaries in ‘alimony policy’. Our interpretive survey provided single mothers an opportunity to express the way they experience the policy emotionally. The analysis reveals that the policy goal of the child’s well-being is produced at the cost of the mother’s emotional tensions and that policy designs defuse these emotional tensions, implicitly. These contradictory emotions expressed by mothers show us a gateway to problematising policy designs in a novel way, which reconsiders construing policy design as a technical, solution-oriented enterprise to one in which emotional tensions intervene in policy design and are essential for succeeding.

IMPROVING THE RELIABILITY OF TRAILED DUMP VEHICLES

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (21) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
E.V. Ibragimov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Structural Strength ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Cargo Transportation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Of Transportation

Increasing the productivity and efficiency of agricultural cargo transportation in the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation is achieved through the use of tractor trains consist-ing of tractors and trailer links, the main of which are trailers. This method allows you to ensure the quality and safety of agricultural goods, as well as reduce the cost of transportation. During the analysis of the known designs of tractor-trailer dump trailers, it was revealed that a character-istic drawback is the imperfection of the design of the locking elements of the platforms designed to fix them on the chassis. As a result, a promising technical solution was developed, which, in comparison with the known ones, has a simple design and increased efficiency when fixing the bodies on the chassis. The article describes the design and the principle of operation of this tech-nical solution. The results of the structural strength calculation are presented. The conducted check showed that the obtained value of the safety factor, equal to 2.2, will ensure the operational reliability of trailed dump vehicles. The results of the study are recommended to both domestic and foreign research institutes, design and production structures of the automotive industry for further study and refinement of the proposed device with a view to its possible implementation in practice.

scholarly journals Pharmacoeconomic analysis of using typical and atypical antipsychotics in schizophrenia

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-24
Author(s):  
I. A. Vilyum ◽  
B. V. Andreev ◽  
M. A. Proskurin ◽  
Yu. E. Balykina
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Pharmacoeconomic Analysis ◽  
Cost Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Antipsychotic Therapy ◽  
Healthcare Budget ◽  
Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
The Cost

The aim: to provide a comprehensive pharmacoeconomic evaluation of the maintenance therapy with antipsychotics in outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia.Materials and methods. The analysis was conducted by two mutually complementary steps: an epidemiological study on outpatients with schizophrenia, and a subsequent pharmacoeconomic modeling. Two medical technologies were evaluated and compared: treatment with classical antipsychotics (kA) and treatment with atypical antipsychotics (AA). For the clinical and economic analysis of these treatments, we used a number of indices derived from our retrospective study of patients’ medical records. The cost-effectiveness analysis, incremental analysis, and «budget impact» analysis were performed taking into account the direct and indirect costs of the treatments.Results. We determined the costs of managing outpatients with schizophrenia from the perspective of the healthcare budget and the social burdens; we also looked into the relevance and effectiveness of the current costs at various time intervals – 6, 12 and 24 months. As shown, the treatment strategies involving AA were more budget-consumptive than the kA treatments. even if the treatments were switched to the reproduced AA (up to 100% replacement), the costs would remain to be higher than those for the kA. The «cost-effectiveness» analysis related to «the proportion of stable patients» for the horizons of 6 and 12 months indicated that the reproduced AA would be more economically effective than the kA. However, when the observation period was increased to 24 months, this economic advantage of AA diminished, and the kA drugs had a lower CeR instead. For the «number of hospitalization-free days per year», the use of AA was more cost-effective only versus the 100% use of reproduced AA at the simulated horizon of 12 months. When the use of 100% reference AA or the combined use of reference + reproduced AA was simulated, the treatment with kA remained more economically effective, regardless of the simulated period.Conclusion. The pharmacoeconomic simulation of the antipsychotic therapy in outpatients with schizophrenia suggests the ways to optimize the treatment. Among them, (a) using AA for the treatment of at least 15.6% of patients (those who are employed); keeping the ≥60% use of kA to ensure the optimal resource-saving effect of the treatment; (b) using reproduced AA at the level of ≥70% (instead of the reference AA similar in efficacy and safety) to keep the treatment economically feasible. 

scholarly journals RESOURCE-SAVING TECHNOLOGIES FOR SOYBEAN CULTIVATION ON DEGRADED SOILS OF THE ALMATY OBLAST

REPORTS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (334) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
T. Atakulov ◽  
◽  
N. Alipbekov ◽  
A. Smanov ◽  
U. Kalymbetov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humus Content ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Intensive Growth

The article presents data on the effective use of secondary saline irrigated land in Almaty oblast. The use of salt-resistant phytomeliorants and an adoptogen contributed to a decrease in the salt content in the soil, along with an increase in yield and improvement of the soil structure. The results showed that in the upper layers of the soil (0-20 cm), the content of agronomically valuable aggregates is higher and ranges from 64 to 73%, and with a depth (20-40 cm) it decreases and ranges from 39 to 66%. The content of water-bearing aggregates increases by 2-5% with depth, and the volume mass of the soil increases with depth and averaged 1.24-1.30 g/cm3. The humus content ranges from 0.54 to 1.16%. The results of observations of the growth and development of phytomeliorants showed that phytomeliorants intensively grew, developed and accumulated aboveground masses, especially in variants with adaptogen treatment. The height of plants reached up to 266 cm (Sudan grass), and on the variant without treatment was 257 cm. Accumulated aboveground masses from 950 to 2013 gr. Intensive growth of phytomeliorants was suppressed by weeds, and their contents were insignificant from 19 to 22 pcs/m2, and in the variant with adaptogen treatment was from 18-20 pcs/m2. The average yield of sorghum green mass ranged from 740.4 centner/ha in the variant without adaptogen treatment, and in the variant with treatment was 777.4 centner/ha. The average yield of sudan grass was 947.0-990.3 centner/ha, and soybean seed yield was in the range from 54.7-56.4 centner/ha. Intensive development of phytomeliorants contributed to an increase in yield and a decrease in salts on the upper soil horizon (0-20 cm) from 0.06 to 0.27%. The largest decrease in salts by 0.27% was observed under soybean crops. The use of the recommended technology contributed to saving irrigation water up to 70% due to drip irrigation, reducing the cost of washing and chemical reclamation – gypsum.

scholarly journals Effective technical ways to improve the vibro-centrifugal separator electric drive for grain cleaning

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Linenko ◽  
Bulat Khalilov ◽  
Timur Kamalov ◽  
Marat Tuktarov ◽  
Damir Syrtlanov
Keyword(s):  
Electric Motor ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Linear Induction ◽  
Efficient Resource ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Vibration Parameters

Grain production economic efficiency mostly depends on the use of energy-efficient, resource-saving technological equipment that can ensure a high-quality technological process. In this regard, this paper considers ways to improve the vibrating drives of vibration-centrifugal grain separators which have a complex design and involve high operating expenses (the life of vibrator bushing does not exceed 180±20 hours). A linear induction motor was used in this study as a vibrating drive, which directly forwarded working body movement without using any movement converters. This type of motor together with elastic elements helps to implement energy-efficient electric vibrating motion with adjustable vibration parameters. The mathematical model of the vibro-centrifugal grain separator with a linear motor was developed. The model was implemented in the environment of MatLab (Simulink) object-visual modelling, which showed the correlations of the working body vibration parameters with the drive kinematic parameters. The suitability of the model was proved experimentally. The difference between the experimental data and the data obtained by mathematical modelling does not exceed 6%. The comparative assessment results showed that the maintenance intervals increased by 37.8% in the project version compared to the basic version. The proposed technical solution made it possible to obtain the vibrational motion of the centrifuge working body using the linear induction electric motor without the need for a control unit to connect and disconnect it periodically from the mains. This can reduce the starting currents in the inductor windings and increase the reliability of the installation. Thanks to the use of the linear induction electric motor in the vibrating drive of the vibro-centrifugal separators vibrating drive, it is also possible to save metal.

scholarly journals End-to-end engineering technologies as resource-saving technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 279 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Mariya Kilina ◽  
Vyacheslav Grishenko ◽  
Denis Dymochkin
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Design Procedures ◽  
Parallel Design ◽  
End To End ◽  
Design Objects ◽  
Iterative Procedures ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Engineering Personnel

The article discusses approaches and methods to engineering design in light of INDUSTRY 4.0 technology. Versions of serial and parallel design are described. An analysis of end-to-end design in accordance with INDUSTRY 4.0 technologies is presented, the advantages of this approach to creating complex mechanical engineering facilities are shown. These examples show a reduction in resources and time to develop new design objects. So the use of Wave technology in design allows you to reduce the cost of engineering personnel by 66%, increase iterative procedures while reducing the time of design procedures, reduce the number of elements of the system, without reducing its reliability.

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