scholarly journals Re-design the use of PV to distribute water from tanks to rural area for Mentawai especially in Central Siberut sub-district

2021 ◽  
Vol 878 (1) ◽  
pp. 012068
Author(s):  
R R Purba ◽  
R Samosir ◽  
M D Sebayang
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Gate Valve ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Pump Head ◽  
Pressure Water ◽  
Elevation Difference ◽  
Booster Pump ◽  
Air Valve ◽  
The Village ◽  
Total Water Demand

Abstract The redesign of the water pump stuck in the district of Central Siberut is reused by using the Solar Panel as an alternative energy source. The materials and tools used are Booster pump, pipe, air valve, wash out, blow off and gate valve. The booster pump is used to pump high pressure water from the tank so that it can reach Saibi village, where Saibi village is the farthest village compared to Simulaklak village, where the distance from the tank to Simulaklak village is only 1.5 km and the tank to Saibi village is 4.5 km the elevation difference between the tank and the village of Saibi is 25 meters above sea level. The total water demand in Simulaklak and Saibi villages is 17.63 liters / second with flow rates in Simulaklak and Saibi villages of 2.25 m / sec and 1.69 m / sec, for the pump head obtained from the tank to Simulaklak village is 72,1 m and the pump head from the tank to Saibi Village is 120.31 m. The standard atmospheric pressure obtained for Simulaklak village is 10,284 mH2O and for Saibi village is 10.301 mH2O. Booster pump is an alternative that can be used for distributing water from the tank to the village.

scholarly journals Estimating Sectoral Water Demand for Sindh Province of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 398-406
Author(s):  
Heman Das Lohano ◽  
Fateh Muhammad Marri
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Environmental Flows ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Sindh Province ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Water Demand

Water resources in Sindh province of Pakistan are under significant pressure due to increasing and conflicting water demand from municipalities for domestic users, agriculture and industries, and requirements of environmental flows. Population growth and climate change are likely to pose serious challenges to households and economic sectors that depend on water. This study estimates the present water demand from municipalities, agriculture and industries, and its future projections by the year 2050 in Sindh. The study also evaluates the impact of climate change on sectoral water demand and assesses the water requirements for the environmental flows. The results show that presently the total water demand for these sectors in Sindh is 44.06 Million Acre Feet (MAF). Agriculture is the largest consumer of water, accounting for 95.24 percent of the total water demand. Municipal water demand accounts for 2.61 percent while industrial water demand accounts for 1.88 percent. The demand for water in these sectors is expected to rise by 10 percent from 2018 to 2050. Moreover, depending on climate change scenario, the total water demand in these three sectors is likely to rise by 16 to 25 percent from 2018 to 2050. In additions, water requirements for the environmental flows have been indicated as 10 MAF in the National Water Accord of 1991. The findings of this study call for policy measures and strategies for management of water resources in Sindh.

Concept of a Dome House for the Village

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-31
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Design Calculation ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Metal Frame ◽  
The Village ◽  
Minimum Surface Area ◽  
Almost Continuous

The article discusses dome-type houses from the point of view of the concept of energy efficiency, energy saving and multi-functionality. The review of foreign and domestic experience in the design and construction of residential buildings, which are based on the dome cover, is presented. On the basis of this review, it is concluded that there is no unified design, calculation, production and technological regulatory framework. The advantages and disadvantages of dome houses are given. It is noted that the most suitable materials for creating the dome cover is a metal frame and almost continuous glazing. It is revealed that the dome design has a minimum surface area, which makes it possible to save up to 20 % of energy costs for its maintenance. The concept of a dome house combining the function of housing and a "winter garden" has been proposed. In addition, when creating a vegetarian house, other important agricultural and ecological problems are solved, the use of alternative energy sources for example. The article outlines the prospects for the development of this concept.

Access to Environmentally Friendly Energy and Capacity Building for Communities in the 3T Frontier, Outermost and Least Developed Region Through the Corporate Social Responsibility Program

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agung Wibowo ◽  
Anton Humala Doloksaribu ◽  
Aditya Cahya Kurnia Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Energy Access ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
The Village

Abstract PT. Pertamina EP Asset 5 Tarakan Field (PEP Tarakan Field) is one of the upstream oil and gas companies that play an active role in improving the community's welfare around its operational area through social responsibility programs. Through renewable energy access, community empowerment was one of the activities carried out in Tepian Village, Sembakung District, Nunukan Regency, North Kalimantan Province. This activity aimed to provide an alternative energy source that is environmentally friendly and more cost-effective to help reduce the cost of living for the underprivileged communities in the village. The concept of implementing the social responsibility program adapted by Tarakan Field consists of 4 elements: Organizing Identity, Organizing Transactivity, Organizing System, and Organizing Accountability. The program implementation began with a social mapping that includes data on beneficiaries of the diesel generator conversion program into a Solar-cell Home System. Then, conducted a Focus Group Discussion with village officials and related agencies to listen to suggestions and input on this program. Approximately 30 housing units/140 people from the pre-prosperous group became the beneficiaries of this program. Several residents were also given training in maintenance skills of the Solar-cell Home System unit, following the standards and procedures implemented by the company. Periodically, monitoring is also carried out to see how far the beneficiaries feel the program's impact. In addition, the implementation of monitoring was also helpful to detect obstacles encountered in program implementation so that improvements could be made immediately. Evaluation is carried out every year and at the end of the program mentoring period to see how far the beneficiaries feel the program's impact. Monitoring and evaluation carried out by Tarakan Field also involved other agencies such as academics to involve various disciplines. After this program was implemented, there was a 50% living costs reduction of the underprivileged groups because they no longer needed to buy diesel to turn on the diesel generator as a source of electrical energy. In addition, there is a reduction in carbon emissions from diesel generators and a decrease in noise levels in the environment around the village. This social responsibility program also supported the government's third point in the Nawacita programs: to build Indonesia from the margins and support the program to achieve the seven sustainable development goals (SDGs), namely clean and affordable energy. In 2017, this program became a trigger for the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Republic of Indonesia assistance program in the form of a Solar-cell unit with a capacity of 75 kWp, which can accommodate the needs of the entire house network in Tepian Village.

scholarly journals Water Demand Forecast in the Baiyangdian Basin with the Extensive and Low-Carbon Economic Modes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Qin ◽  
D. H. Yan ◽  
G. Wang ◽  
J. Yin
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Demand Forecast ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Water Demands ◽  
Water Demand Forecast ◽  
Population Urbanization ◽  
Total Water Demand

The extensive and low-carbon economic modes were constructed on the basis of population, urbanization level, economic growth rate, industrial structure, industrial scale, and ecoenvironmental water requirement. The objective of this paper is to quantitatively analyze effects of these two economic modes on regional water demand. Productive and domestic water demands were both derived by their scale and quota. Ecological water calculation involves the water within stream, wetland, and cities and towns. Total water demand of the research region was obtained based on the above three aspects. The research method was applied in the Baiyangdian basin. Results showed that total water demand with the extensive economic mode would increase by 1.27 billion m3, 1.53 billion m3, and 2.16 billion m3in 2015, 2020, and 2030, respectively, compared with that with low-carbon mode.

scholarly journals Centrifugal Pump Performance Characteristics for Domestic Application

2018 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 05011
Author(s):  
Aisyah Jilani ◽  
Akhtar Razali
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Pump ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Pump Performance ◽  
Pump Speed ◽  
Pressure Water ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
Booster Pump

Water pressure problems at home can be quite frustrating in daily life which is comes in different ways of complication. It may take forever for the faucets to fill a bathtub, or a slow spray shower head and longer time taken for the washing machine to run a cycle. The problem can be fixed by installing a pressure booster pump. This research is embarked to study on a centrifugal pump performance with a view to analyse pressure built-up and flowrate in pipe at fixed speed. A simple and inexpensive test rig is developed to resemble water distribution for domestic use; i.e. house application. The method is then experimentally validated to measured and analysed the pump performance such as water pressure, water flowrate, power of pump and pump speed. Since the centrifugal pump are added, the pump is able to boost the water flowrate. However, since the centrifugal pump work at constant speed, the water pressure in pipe is high when the water demand is low. The maximum pressure inside the pipe was 28.24 psi which quite high and exceed the piping standards. Power consumption also remained constant approximately 0.500 kWh when water demand was low which led to energy wastage.

scholarly journals Potential Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic through Changes in Outbound Tourism on Water Demand: The Case of Liège (Belgium)

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2820
Author(s):  
Nguyen Bich-Ngoc ◽  
Jacques Teller
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Monthly Total ◽  
Hot Weather ◽  
Total Water Demand ◽  
Sudden Reduction

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to many countries closing their borders, and numerous people spending their holidays at home instead of traveling abroad. This sudden reduction in travel activities, and other ‘new normals’, might have influenced people’s water usage. Hence, using Liège as a case study, this study aims to address the potential effect of outbound tourism on water consumption and how the current situation might affect the total water demand. Statistical models were developed and validated using the total daily volume of 23 municipalities in the Liège conurbation, the monthly total number of outbound trips, and other meteorological data. Results suggest significantly lower water demand in the months with high numbers of outbound travel activities. Though the projected risk of increased water needs due to fewer people traveling is moderate, the threat becomes much higher during long periods of dry and hot weather.

Bioethanol water footprint: life cycle optimization for water reduction

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Pongpinyopap ◽  
T. Mungcharoen
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Life Cycle Optimization ◽  
Agriculture Water

In Thailand, the Alternative Energy Development Plan has set the target to increase the use of bioethanol to 9.00 million liters per day by 2021. To achieve this goal, both freshwater availability for energy crops and best practices in bioethanol production chain management are very important issues. Therefore, this study integrates water footprint technique with the linear programing approach in order to optimize the operations decision, focusing on water footprint of the bioethanol production chains from both tactical and operational levels. A cradle-to-grave approach is adopted to evaluate the water consumption and pollution in bioethanol production from sugarcane and cassava. The results show that the water footprint of bioethanol consumed in Thailand was about 3.23 × 109, 1.72 × 1010, and 2.49 × 1010 m3 per year in 2010, 2016, and 2021, respectively. The share of agriculture water consumption to the total water footprints of bioethanol was 99% and industrial water consumption was 1%. After applying the linear programing, it was found that the water footprint could be reduced by at least 53%, or 1.33 × 1010 m3, annually. The modeling approach and formulation presented could be used as a tool to reduce water consumption and provide the operation plan of bioethanol production chain.

Pressure and Flow Stability for Ultra-High Pressure Water Jet System

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 810-813
Author(s):  
Yong Long Zeng ◽  
Kui Sheng Chen ◽  
Fei Long Zheng ◽  
Qiang Hua Xi ◽  
Cong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Water Jet ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Ultrahigh Pressure ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Pressure Water ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Booster Pump ◽  
High Pressure Water Jet ◽  
System Characteristics ◽  
Amesim Simulation

The paper introduces system components and working principle of the ultrahigh pressure water jet, with theoretical analysis on fluctuation characteristics of pressure booster pump flow. On the basis of the AMEsim simulation model established on various hydraulic components in the system, through a large number of simulation experiments to compare simulation curve with different parameters. Analysing the system characteristics for pressure and flow affected by some parameters such as: volume, booster pump motion control and the number of nozzles, in order to improve the system stability for pressure and flow and optimize the parameters.

scholarly journals Analysis of Sub-Atmospheric Pressures during Emptying of an Irregular Pipeline without an Air Valve Using a 2D CFD Model

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 2526
Author(s):  
Aris D. Hurtado-Misal ◽  
Daniela Hernández-Sanjuan ◽  
Oscar E. Coronado-Hernández ◽  
Héctor Espinoza-Román ◽  
Vicente S. Fuertes-Miquel
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Water Velocity ◽  
Column Length ◽  
Cfd Model ◽  
Air Pocket ◽  
Pressure Water ◽  
Air Valve ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Studying sub-atmospheric pressure patterns in emptying pipeline systems is crucial because these processes could cause collapses depending on the installation conditions (the underground pipe covering height, type, fill, and pipeline stiffness class). Pipeline studies have focused more on filling than on emptying processes. This study presents an analysis of the following variables: air pocket pressure, water velocity, and water column length during the emptying of an irregular pipeline without an air valve by two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (2D CFD) model simulation using the software OpenFOAM. The mathematical model predicts the experimental values of the study variables. Water velocity vectors are also analysed within the experimental facility, assessing the sensitivity of the drain valve to different openings and changes in water column length during the hydraulic phenomenon.

scholarly journals Application of Different Evapotranspiration Models to Calculate Total Agricultural Water Demand in a Tropical Region

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngoc Thi Hong Tran ◽  
Mark Honti
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Potential Evaporation ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Total Water Demand

Today, water in the Long Xuyen Quadrangle-An Giang (LXQAG)(Mekong River delta, Vietnam) is becoming scarce in some seasonsand some districts in the region, especially when the scenariosof climate change will affect water resources in the future.Therefore, it is necessary to make decisions about water conservationand distribution to ensure compatibility with the socialobjectives such as economic efficiency, sustainability and fairness.The mathematical models used for water distribution andbalance calculations are the prominent themes nowadays. To performthis task, it needs to calculate the water needs for all economicsectors. In this article we are particularly concerned aboutwater demand calculation methods for crops and aquaculture.Because these are the two main commodities accounting for thehighest water usage in the region. Water demand for crops is calculatedthrough potential evaporation using the methods of Hargreaves& Samani; Priestley and Taylor and Penman-Monteithto check if the first two simpler methods with less data demandcould be used to estimate evapotranspiration. The results showthat the simpler methods were significantly different and thereforewater demand calculations must be based on the Penman-Monteith method for the water demand of crops and the methodsof Penman to calculate expansion evaporation for aquaculture.The result shows that the total water demand in 2015 is 6,428million m3/year. It is estimated that in 2020, agricultural waterdemand will rise by 71% compared to 2015 to 22,531 millionm3/year. The main reason for this rise is that the local managersexpect the catfish farming area to increase by 80%, if peopleapply the “VietGAP standards”.

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