scholarly journals Physical characteristics of effervescent tablet probiotics in various concentration of tapioca coatings

2021 ◽  
Vol 919 (1) ◽  
pp. 012045
Author(s):  
D A Oktavia ◽  
D L Ayudiarti ◽  
D Febrianti ◽  
V Yanuar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Shrimp Ponds ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Coastal Aquaculture ◽  
Effervescent Tablet

Abstract RICA (Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture) Maros in South Sulawesi has developed 5 probiotic preparations, namely RICA-1, RICA-2, Rica-3, RICA-4 and RICA-5 in liquid form to improve shrimp farming in ponds. In practice, the use of liquid probiotics has been very optimal but the distribution is constrained because of its liquid form. For this reason, microencapsulation of liquid probiotics is carried out to protect from the external environment and maintain the viability of probiotic cells in the encapsulated matrix. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical properties of probiotic effervescent tablets using tapioca coating with different concentration variants (10 and 20%) with four effervescent tablet formulas. The results showed that the pH of the probiotic effervescent tablet Formula 3 with a coating concentration of 10% tapioca had a neutral pH compared to all existing formulas. However, the pH for probiotic effervescent tablets produced by all formulas can still be applied to shrimp ponds. Formula 4 with 10% tapioca coating has a mean weight and hardness that is close to the standard as well as a disintegration time that meets the specified standard of tablet physical properties. Meanwhile, the tablet friability value was met by Formula 3 with a concentration of 10% tapioca coating. It can be concluded that the best formula that meets the standard physical properties of tablets is Formula 4 with 10% tapioca coating. The probiotic effervescent tablet with tapioca coating has a weakness in the hardness value which causes the average weight to be not uniform. These results indicate that tapioca coating is not suitable for use as a coating for probiotic effervescent tablets.

scholarly journals Physical Properties of the Probiotic Effervescent Tablet from Tapioca and Maltodextrin Coatings

2020 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 03024
Author(s):  
Devi Ambarwaty Oktavia ◽  
Diah Lestari Ayudiarti ◽  
Dita Febrianti
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Brevibacillus Laterosporus ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Coastal Aquaculture ◽  
Effervescent Tablet

The purpose of this study was to determine the physical properties of probiotic effervescent tablets with two different coatings that are tapioca and maltodextrin to improve water quality in shrimp farming ponds. This study used probiotics to improve the environmental quality of shrimp pond waters. Liquid probiotics from Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture in Maros, South Sulawesi that contain Brevibacillus laterosporus. Probiotics that have been used are liquid and difficult to transport, therefore microencapsulation is carried out on liquid probiotics aimed at facilitating their distribution. The use of microencapsulating materials is to entrap or immobilize probiotic bacteria within microcapsule and to protect the bacteria during the drying process. Effervescent tablets were prepared in a dosage of 800 mg by wet granulation methods. This experiment was replicated 3 times. Tablets were evaluated for their physical properties there are mean weight, friability, hardness, disintegration time and pH. The results showed that mean weight for effervescent tablets with maltodextrin coatings was 796 mg, had a friability value 0.09%, a hardness value of 13.7 N and disintegration time of 10.68 minutes. Both probiotic effervescent tablets meet the standards pH of 7.07 and 6.67. The maltodextrin coatings was the best treatment of this study.

scholarly journals Biopharmacotechnical and physical properties of solid pharmaceutical forms containing rutin commercially acquired in Juiz de Fora city, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e52212
Author(s):  
Thiago Maurício de Souza Pinto ◽  
Fabrini Luiz Alves Almeida ◽  
Julianna Oliveira de Lucas Xavier ◽  
Glauciemar Del-Vechio-Vieira ◽  
Ana Lúcia Santos de Matos Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Dissolution Profile ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Kinetics Of

Rutin is a flavonoid used in clinical practice to treat capillary fragility and prevent bleeding due to its wide variety of pharmacological actions, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, antiproliferative, and anticarcinogenic activities. In this study, the biopharmacotechnical and physical properties of film-coated tablets containing rutin marketed in drugstores were evaluated. Using samples from three batches called A, B and C, we determined the average weight, disintegration time, hardness, content and dissolution profile, and kinetics of the tablets. The samples demonstrated average weight of 457.45 ± 12.32 to 449.15 ± 8.95 mg; disintegration time, 30.17 ± 2.14 to 15.17 ± 2.14 min; hardness, 1.92 ± 0.55 to 1.69 ± 0.36 Kgf; and rutin content, 18.34 ± 1.21 to 15.66 ± 1.29 mg. After 90 min, the dissolution profile showed 52.65, 41.80, and 79.2% for A, B, and C, respectively. The results imply that the non-conformities of the tested products can significantly compromise the drug’s therapeutic efficacy.

scholarly journals Physical Characteristics of Probiotic Effervescent Tablets with Various Concentration of Maltodextrin as Coating Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 03023
Author(s):  
Devi Ambarwaty Oktavia ◽  
Diini Fithriani ◽  
Pujoyuwono Martosuyono
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
White Spot Syndrome Virus ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Coastal Aquaculture

The application of RICA (Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture) liquid probiotic bacteria proved to be able to prevent attacks of both types of vibriosis disease and White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) through improved pond water quality. This RICA liquid probiotics is coated using maltodextrin with 3 variations of concentration which are then formed into probiotic effervescent tablets. Apart from making it easy to distribute, this solid probiotic is easily applied without fermentation such as the use of liquid probiotics. The aims of this study was to determine the physical characteristics of probiotic effervescent tablets from maltodextrin coatings with different concentration. The concentration maltodextrin as coating materials were is 20%, 30% and 40% (b/v). The parameters test are average weight, friability, hardness and disintegration time. The results showed that the effervescent tablets of probiotics with a concentration of maltodextrin 40% had a mean weight higher than other concentrations at 798.88 mg. While the effervescent tablets of probiotic with a maltodextrin concentration of 20% had a lower friability and disintegration time compared to other concentrations of 0.05% and 12.96 minutes. And has a higher level of hardness that is equal to 10.89 N compared to other concentrations that is 30% and 40% concentration maltodextrin. The concentration of 20% maltodextrin was the best treatment of this study.

scholarly journals PERFORMA BUDIDAYA UDANG WINDU (Penaeus monodon) PADA MUSIM KEMARAU DI TAMBAK KECAMATAN MARUSU KABUPATEN MAROS

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Andi Akhmad Mustafa ◽  
Andi Indra Jaya Asaad ◽  
Dominggus Linthin
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Penaeus Monodon ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Tiger Shrimp ◽  
Aquaculture Development

Salah satu program dari Gubernur Sulawesi Selatan periode 2018-2023 adalah mengembalikan kejayaan udang windu di Sulawesi Selatan. Telah dilakukan kegiatan yang bertujuan mengetahui performa budidaya udang windu di tambak pembudidaya yang dilaksanakan pada musim kemarau tahun 2019 di Kecamatan Marusu Kabupaten Maros. Kegiatan budidaya udang windu teknologi tradisional plus dilaksanakan di tambak Dusun Kurilompo, Desa Nisombalia Kecamatan Marusu Kabupaten Maros. Sebanyak enam petak tambak pembudidaya ditebari tokolan udang windu dengan padat penebaran dari 10.000 sampai 30.000 ekor/ha. Setelah dipelihara selama 69 sampai 80 hari dilakukan panen dan selanjutnya dilakukan penentuan sintasan, bobot rata-rata, produksi udang windu, dan rasio konversi pakan (RKP). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air di tambak Kecamatan Marusu, Kabupaten Maros pada musim kemarau dicirikan dengan salinitas yang berkisar antara 36,63-69,40 ppt; suatu kondisi yang tidak optimal untuk budidaya udang windu. Pada saat panen didapatkan sintasan udang windu dari 27,57% sampai 66,67%; bobot rata-rata dari 14,29-40,00 g/ekor; produksi dari 90,1-800,0 kg/ha/musim; dan RKP dari 0,54:1 sampai 2,10:1. Disimpulkan bahwa budidaya udang windu di tambak bersalinitas tinggi di daerah ini merupakan penyebab utama rendahnya sintasan, bobot rata-rata, produksi udang windu, dan RKP. Direkomendasikan bahwa perbaikan budidaya udang dengan menjaga tingkat salinitas dalam nilai optimal harus disosialisasikan kepada pembudidaya udang windu di daerah tersebut.One of the main aquaculture development targeted by the South Sulawesi Province for the period 2018-2023 is to restore the glory of tiger shrimp farming in South Sulawesi. The recent study was carried out to uncover redevelopment opportunities of tiger shrimp culture and determine the performance of tiger shrimp culture in the farmers’ ponds. The study was performed during the dry season in Marusu Subdistrict Maros District, in 2019. Traditional plus tiger shrimp farming activities were carried out in the ponds of Kurilompo Subvillage, Nisombalia Village, Marusu Subdistrict, Maros District. A total of six brackishwater ponds were stocked with tiger shrimp fingerling with stocking densities of 10,000-30,000 ind./ha. After being cultured for 69 to 80 days, the shrimp were harvested and measured their survival rate, average weight, production of tiger shrimp, and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The data obtained were analyzed with descriptive statistics. The results showed that water quality in brackishwater ponds of Marusu Subdstrict Maros District, in the dry season is characterized by salinity ranging from 36.63 to 69.40 ppt, a condition that is not optimal for tiger shrimp culture. At harvest, the survival rate, average weight, production, and FCR of the farmed average tiger shrimp were 27.57%-66.67%, 14.29-40.00 g/ind., 90.1-800.0 kg/ha/season, and 0.54:1-2.10:1, respectively. It is concluded that the culture of tiger shrimp in the brackishwater ponds with high salinity in this area is the primary cause of poor survival rate, average weight, production of tiger shrimp, and FCR. It is recommended that culture shrimp improvement via maintaining salinity level within the optimal values has to be disseminated to the fish farmers in the area.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF MUSA ACUMINATA FRUIT AS A NATURAL SUPERDISINTEGRANT FOR TABLET FORMULATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Gopinath E
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Musa Acuminata ◽  
Tablet Formulation ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Solubility Study ◽  
Orodispersible Tablet

Objective: The objective of the present work was to develop and evaluate a new, low-cost effective superdisintegrant from Musa acuminata fruit for tablet formulation.Methods: The study involved collection of M. acuminata fruit powdered and evaluated for physicochemical properties. Propranolol Hcl was used as a model drug for tablet formulation. Different concentrations of M. acuminatea powder were used as superdisintegrant, and orodispersible tablet is prepared and evaluated. In the present study, sodium starch glycolate was used as synthetic superdisintegrant for comparative study.Result: The powder was dark brownish and did not change throughout the study. The percentage porosity of powder was found to be 42.88% and angle of repose of was found to be 33.69°. The solubility study shows that the powders are sparingly soluble in water and disperse into individual particles. Total ash and acid insoluble ash values of powder were found to be 2.61 and 2.11% w/w, respectively. The average weight of tablets was ranged from 101.42 to 103.52 mg and averaged hardness was found to be 3.4 kg/cm2. Moreover, the tablets exhibited acceptable friability. Disintegration time of all formulations was found to be in the range of 22–80 s and wetting time was found to be 07–18 s.Conclusion: From the study, it was concluded that M. acuminatea powder in the range of 2–12% can be used as superdisintegrant in orodispersible tablet formulation and shall be preferred as having nutritive value as well as cost profit in the development of orodispersible tablet than synthetic polymer.

Physicochemical Evaluation of Brands of Amlodipine Besylate Tablets.

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
C.A. Anyanwu-Ndulewe ◽  
◽  
L.E. Mogbolu ◽  
M.A. Oladunni ◽  
A.A. Adepoju-Bello
Keyword(s):  
Hardness Test ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Financial Strain ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Dissolution Profile ◽  
Amlodipine Besylate ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Physicochemical Evaluation ◽  
Dissolution Efficiency

Background: Hypertension is a chronic condition, and the cost of filling prescriptions has a potential of putting a financial strain on patients, hence the need for lower priced but bioequivalent generics. The Nigerian drug market is awash with generics of Amlodipine besylate, a first line drug in the treatment of hypertension, therefore, any prescribed alternative must be bioequivalent to the originator. Objectives: This study assessed the physicochemical properties of some brands in order to predict pharmaceutical and bioequivalence and invariably, the interchangeability with the innovator brand. Methods: Compendial parameters of average weight, friability, disintegration, drug content and dissolution profile of ten generic brands were evaluated using the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) as well as the non-official hardness test. Results: Two brands failed the test for hardness, while still keeping to the stipulated friability limit. All the brands met the required disintegration time, irrespective of the discordance of some brands in the breaking force and friability values. All brands were found to contain between 92.00 and 103.57% (w/w) of Amlodipine besylate. Two brands failed to achieve ≥75% dissolution expected at 30 minutes and this was reflected in the low f2 values of 35.06% and 28.73%. The dissolution curves displayed a similarity for two brands, which was also corroborated by the high percentage dissolution efficiency (DE) of 92.00%, as well as the f1 and f2 values, compared to the innovator brand. Conclusion: Although the parameters used may predict therapeutic equivalence, interchangeability with the comparator brand is subject to relevant bioequivalence studies.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of Anoxygenic phototrophs from shrimp ponds in Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (7A) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xelimar Ramirez ◽  
Imeleta Luamanu ◽  
Ruben Michael Ceballos ◽  
Elizabeth Padilla Crespo
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Purple Bacteria ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Shrimp Ponds ◽  
Anoxygenic Phototrophs ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Anoxygenic phototrophic purple bacteria are ubiquitous in aquatic and terrestrial environments and demonstrate broad phenotypic diversity. Purple bacteriaderive energy from light under anaerobic conditions via anoxygenic photosynthesis, a process in which water is not the electron donor. It has been suggested that these bacteria are useful for a variety of applications, including: wastewater treatment; heavy metal remediation; nitrogen fixation; and, control of CH4 emissions. In this study, the goal was to isolate and characterize PNSB from shrimp ponds in Thailand. Surface water and sediment were collected. Enrichment cultures were prepared using Pfenning’s mineral media. As indicated by development of reddish color and turbidity, anoxygenic phototrophic growth was observed within two days of incubation. Cultures in liquid media and on solid plates exhibited a deep red or purple color ten weeks post-inoculation. Under light microscopy, enrichments consist of communities dominated by thin, elongated gram-negative cells with granules of elemental sulfur, which are characteristic of purple bacteria. Molecular methods confirm the presence of pufLM, a genetic biomarker for purple bacteria (e.g., Thiohalocapsa marina, Allochromatium vinosum, Roseovarius tolerans). Initial sequencing of key genes (i.e., pufLM) indicate that these environmental samples contain novel isolates or “geographic variants” that have not been previously described. We have developed a few pure cultures of multiple species from these environmental samples. Since shrimp farming is a key industry in southern Thailand, the characterization of the microbial communities in these ecosystems, including anoxygenic phototrophs, will provide insights into how to maintain water quality in these food production systems.

scholarly journals Effect of nonionic surfactants on the release of paracetamol from suppositories

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Fusion Method ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Span 60

The preparation suppositories contain 250 mg of paracetamol on different bases using Novata BD, Novata BCF and composition of Novata BCF/BD (1:1). Suppositories were prepared by the fusion method. The prepared formulations with or without surfactants (Tween 80, Span 60) at concentrations of 2% and 4% (w/w) were tested for hardness, to tal time of de for ma tion, disintegration time, content uniformity and release of the drug. The release of the drug was carried in the apparatus with the stirrer shade in phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) at 100 rpm. The physical properties of the prepared suppositories were according with the requirement of Polish Pharmacopoeia 9th edition. Addition of 4 % Tween 80 to suppository bases significantly increased the drug release from all the investigated formulations. However, incorporation of Span 60 did not result in improvement of the drug release significantly.

scholarly journals The implementation strategy of Ecosystem Approach to Aquaculture (EAA) shrimp commodities in Pinrang District, South Sulawesi

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 504-512
Author(s):  
Eddy supriyono ◽  
Wisriati Lasima ◽  
Muhammad Zairin Junior ◽  
Sugeng Budiharsono ◽  
Kukuh Nirmala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Process Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Shrimp Aquaculture ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Farming Community ◽  
South Sulawesi

This study aims to develop a strategy for the sustainability of shrimp aquaculture using an ecosystem approach or EAA in Pinrang Regency, South Sulawesi. A series of analyzes were carried out, namely the environmental carrying capacity analysis of aquaculture using pond environmental feasibility standards, analysis of critical factors for the sustainability of aquaculture using multidimensional scaling analysis, analysis of the sustainability status of aquaculture using pairwise comparison analysis and analysis of shrimp aquaculture management strategies based on EAA. using hierarchy process analysis. The results showed that the following strategies were needed: a) accelerating spatial planning and implementing programs in accordance with the directions for spatial use and control; b) institutional strengthening of capital cultivators in order to complement and improve facilities and infrastructure in accordance with the SOP; and c) increasing the level of education and providing a social and economic security system for members of the shrimp farming community

scholarly journals Autonomous water-cleaning machine using solar energy in shrimp ponds

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Thien Ngon Dang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
Shrimp Ponds ◽  
Water Cleaning ◽  
Cleaning Machine

Limited water exchange shrimp culture technology is commonly used today in many shrimp farms in Vietnam to reduce water usage, input of diseases and discharge of nutrient-rich effluents into environment as well as to increase the production per unit area. However, a remaining problem in this technology is that the water quality in shrimp ponds will be reduced due to limitation of water exchange for a long period. The accumulation of inorganic components such as waste feed, bacterial deposits or other biological debris at the pond bottom will lead to low dissolved oxygen, high ammonia-nitrogen level, high fecal coliform bacteria and high turbidity which cause a severe degradation of water quality and detriment to shrimp growth and survival. To solve this remaining problem, an autonomous water-cleaning machine for shrimp ponds was designed to control the waste accumulation in the pond. This is an effective solution to replace manual cleaning methods for water quality management in shrimp farming in the coastal area of the Mekong delta of Vietnam. Especially, this technique can be used for biosecure shrimp production systems according to GMP standards to meet the objectives for sustainable development of shrimp aquaculture in Vietnam. Kỹ thuật nuôi tôm không thay nước đang được sử dụng rộng rãi ở các trại nuôi tôm Việt Nam vì giúp giảm lượng nước sử dụng, hạn chế thải nước vào môi trường và giúp tăng diện tích nuôi trồng tôm. Tuy nhiên, bản thân kỹ thuật này cũng tạo nên một sản phẩm chất thải là phân tôm, thức ăn và chế phẩm sinh học xử lý nước dư thừa. Chất thải này dần dần tích tụ dưới đáy ao tạo thành lớp bùn độc, rất thiếu ôxy và chứa nhiều chất gây hại như ammonia, nitrite, hydrogen sul-fide. Để tránh làm giảm diện tích ao nuôi do chất thải tích tụ làm tôm lảng tránh và tăng mật độ tôm nuôi trồng, thiết bị tự hành thu gom chất thải làm sạch nước trong vuông nuôi tôm đã được nghiên cứu, thiết kế và chế tạo thành công. Thiết bị đã thay thế các hoạt động làm sạch chất thải thủ công của con người, không sử dụng các nguồn năng lượng gây ô nhiễm, giảm nhu cầu về điện góp phần phát triển sản xuất tôm sạch đạt chuẩn GMP và phát triển bền vững ở các tỉnh ven biển miền Tây Việt Nam.

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