scholarly journals Study of the Temperature Dependence of a Carbidized Layer Formation on the Tungsten Surface Under Plasma Irradiation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Baklanov ◽  
Gainiya Zhanbolatova ◽  
Mazhyn K Skakov ◽  
Arman Miniyazov ◽  
Igor Sokolov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Layer Formation ◽  
Tungsten Carbides ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Carbide Phases ◽  
Plasma Irradiation ◽  
Tungsten Surface ◽  
Sequential Formation

Abstract The paper considers a method of tungsten surface carbidization using a beam-plasma discharge (BPD), which was implemented in a plasma-beam installation (PBI). The advantage of this method is to create conditions for chemical reactions and physical processes as close as possible to those possible in thermonuclear installations. The BPD makes it possible to generate plasma using different working gases. Methane was used as a plasma-forming gas. The working gas pressure in a chamber was (1,3-1,4)·10-1 Pa. The temperature dependence of the carbidized layer formation on the tungsten surface under plasma irradiation was determined in the temperature range of 700-1700 °C. The formation of tungsten carbides in surface layers was confirmed by SEM and X-ray diffraction analysis. It was found that interaction between tungsten and methane in a wide temperature range can proceed with simultaneous or sequential formation of the carbide phases W2C and WC.

Redistribution of Second Phase Particles in Surface Layers of Deformed Roll

2014 ◽  
Vol 1013 ◽  
pp. 158-165
Author(s):  
Eduard Kozlov ◽  
Mazhyn Skakov ◽  
Gulzhaz Uazyrkhanova ◽  
Natal'ya Popova
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Roll Surface ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Carbide Phases ◽  
Second Phase Particles

Using optical and electron microscopy and also X-ray diffraction laws were investigated of carbide phases particles redistribution in the roll near-surface layers (at surface and at distance of 0.5 mm, 2 mm from surface) made of 30CrMnSiА steel during hot deformation. There are located at borders and joints of isotropic and anisotropic fragments and also inside these fragments. Shows the dependence of carbide phases volume fraction (cementite and special carbides). There are located in different structural components and different locations of the roll surface layer. Shows a relationship carbides with dislocation substructure. Shows a gradient character in the laws of carbide phases distribution as they approach the roll surface.

Specific features of the temperature dependence of tryptophan fluorescence lifetime in the temperature range of −170–20 °C

2020 ◽  
Vol 393 ◽  
pp. 112435
Author(s):  
Peter P. Knox ◽  
Vladimir V. Gorokhov ◽  
Boris N. Korvatovsky ◽  
Nadezhda P. Grishanova ◽  
Sergey N. Goryachev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Fluorescence Lifetime ◽  
Tryptophan Fluorescence ◽  
Temperature Range

Micro-Hardness and Morphology of LDPE Influenced by Beta Radiation

2014 ◽  
Vol 606 ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Ovsik ◽  
Petr Kratky ◽  
David Manas ◽  
Miroslav Manas ◽  
Michal Stanek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Beta Radiation ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Sensing ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Hardness Values ◽  
Different Doses

This article deals with the influence of different doses of Beta radiation to the structure and mico-mechanical properties of Low-density polyethylene (LDPE). Hard surface layers of polymer materials, especially LDPE, can be formed by radiation cross-linking by β radiation with doses of 33, 66 and 99 kGy. Material properties created by β radiation are measured by micro-hardness test using the DSI method (Depth Sensing Indentation). Individual radiation doses caused structural and micro-mechanical changes which have a significant effect on the final properties of the LDPE tested. The highest values of micro-mechanical properties were reached at radiation dose of 66 and 99 kGy, when the micro-hardness values increased by about 21%. The changes were examined and confirmed by X-ray diffraction.

scholarly journals Measurements by x-ray diffraction of the temperature dependence of lattice parameter and crystallite size for isostatically-pressed graphite

Carbon Trends ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 100071
Author(s):  
Keith R. Hallam ◽  
James Edward Darnbrough ◽  
Charilaos Paraskevoulakos ◽  
Peter J. Heard ◽  
T. James Marrow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Dealumination of ZSM-5 — Characterization by TPD, DTA/DTG, XPS and Adsorption Measurements

1988 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Alsdorf ◽  
M. Feist ◽  
H. Fichtner-Schmittler ◽  
Th. Gross ◽  
H.-J. Jerschkewitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorbed Water ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Temperature Range

A series of ZSM 5 samples obtained by dealumination is studied by TPD, DTA/DTG, XPS and adsorption measurements. The amount of adsorbed water at p/p0 ≦ 0.1 and the amount of chemisorbed NH3 corresponding to the TPD peak at 693–723 K correlate with the number of framework aluminium atoms per unit cell. At strong dealumination an enrichment of non-framework aluminium in the surface layers of the crystals was found. The HZSM-57 zeolites are transformed into silicalite-like samples during the course of the DTA experiment in the temperature range 973–1273 K.

scholarly journals Chemical Durability of Glass Containing Srp Waste - Leachability Characteristics, Protective Layer Formation, and Repository System Interactions

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
George G. Wicks ◽  
Barbara M. Robnett ◽  
W. Duncan Rankin
Keyword(s):  
Protective Layer ◽  
Layer Formation ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Safety And Reliability ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Nuclear Waste Forms ◽  
Leaching Models ◽  
Surface Layer Formation

Leachability is one of the most important properties of solidified nuclear waste forms because it provides information on the performance and the subsequent safety and reliability that the waste products will possess. One of the most important experimental findings in the leachability field has been the discovery and subsequent detailed characterization of protective surface layers that form on waste glass during leaching. These layers can have a beneficial effect on product performance while in storage by improving productdurability with time. As a result of surface layer formation and the effects on subsequent product leaching characteristics, new qualitative and quantitative leaching models have recently been proposed.

Temperature Dependence of Oxide Layer Formation on Hydrogen Isotope Retention in Type 316 Stainless Steel

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 799-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Okuno ◽  
Sachiko Suzuki ◽  
Hirotada Ishikawa ◽  
Takumi Hayashi ◽  
Toshihiko Yamanishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Hydrogen Isotope ◽  
Layer Formation ◽  
316 Stainless Steel

Temperature dependence of chlorine-35 N.Q.R. in 2,6-Dichlorophenol

1978 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 791 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Chandramani ◽  
SP Basavaraju ◽  
N Devaraj
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Temperature Coefficients ◽  
Brown's Method

Chlorine n.q.r, in 2,6-dichlorophenol has been investigated at temperatures from 77 K to room temperature. Two resonance lines due to chemically inequivalent sites have been observed throughout this temperature range. Torsional frequencies of the molecule have been calculated at temperatures from 77 to 300 K according to Bayer's theory and Brown's method. Also the temperature coefficients of the torsional frequencies have been calculated.

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