Effects of dietary vitamin B6 deficiency and oral contraceptives on the spontaneous urinary excretion of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid

1972 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 494-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Price ◽  
D. P. Rose ◽  
P. A. Toseland
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin B6 Deficiency ◽  
Hydroxyanthranilic Acid

Experimental Vitamin B6 Deficiency and the Effect of Oestrogen-Containing Oral Contraceptives on Tryptophan Metabolism and Vitamin B6 Requirements

1972 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Rose ◽  
R. Strong ◽  
P. W. Adams ◽  
P. E. Harding
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Tryptophan Metabolism ◽  
Acid Excretion ◽  
Aminotransferase Activity ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Vitamin B6 Deficiency ◽  
Hydroxyanthranilic Acid ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase Activity

1. A vitamin B6-deficient diet was fed to an adult male subject to confirm previously described changes in tryptophan metabolism and urinary 4-pyridoxic acid excretion, and erythrocyte alanine and aspartate aminotransferase activities. 2. The results were compared with those obtained in women taking oestrogen-containing oral contraceptives. 3. The development of dietary vitamin B6 deficiency was indicated by decreased 4-pyridoxic acid excretion, increased urinary concentrations of xanthurenic acid, kynurenine and 3-hydroxykynurenine, an elevated 3-hydroxykynurenine/3-hydroxyanthranilic acid ratio and impaired erythrocyte aminotransferase activities. 4. Tryptophan metabolites and 4-pyridoxic acid excretion were determined in thirty-one women when they had been taking an oral contraceptive for 6–36 months. Of these, twenty-six had abnormal tryptophan metabolism, but the 4-pyridoxic acid was decreased in only seven. In six of these seven a raised 3-hydroxykynurenine/3-hydroxyanthranilic acid ratio supported a diagnosis of subclinical vitamin B6 deficiency; erythrocyte alanine aminotransferase activity was determined in five of the six, and was decreased in three. 5. Erythrocyte aminotransferases were determined in sixteen women when they had been taking an oral contraceptive for 3–6 months, and in thirty-four women after 6–36 months treatment. Neither group showed any change in alanine aminotransferase activity, but the aspartate aminotransferase was elevated in the group treated for 6 months or longer.

scholarly journals Dietary Vitamin B6 Deficiency Impairs Gut Microbiota and Host and Microbial Metabolites in Rats

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 469
Author(s):  
Shyamchand Mayengbam ◽  
Faye Chleilat ◽  
Raylene A. Reimer
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
Vitamin B6 Deficiency ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Vitamin B6 plays a crucial role as a cofactor in various enzymatic reactions but bacteria-produced vitamin B6 is not sufficient to meet host requirements. Our objective was to assess the impact of diet-derived vitamin B6 on gut microbiota and host serum metabolomics. Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 47) were fed a control, low B6 (LB6) or high B6 (HB6) diet for six weeks. Serum and cecal samples were collected for biochemical, metabolomics and gut microbiota profiling. There was a significant sex effect for gut microbiota and several metabolic markers. Bodyweight and percent body fat were significantly reduced in LB6 compared to control and HB6 rats. Microbial beta-diversity differed significantly between LB6 and the control and HB6 rats in both sexes. Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Bacteroides were the primary taxa driving the difference between LB6 and control. There was a significant separation of cecal and serum metabolites of LB6 compared to control and HB6 rats. In the cecum, arginine biosynthesis was impaired, while vitamin B6 metabolism, lysine degradation and nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism were impaired in serum metabolite profiles. Cecal propionate and butyrate were significantly reduced in LB6 rats irrespective of sex. Host vitamin B6 deficiency but not excess significantly alters gut microbial composition and its metabolites.

Effect of oral contraceptives and vitamin B6 deficiency on carbohydrate metabolism

1975 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 872-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
D P Rose ◽  
J E Leklem ◽  
R R Brown ◽  
H M Linkswiler
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Vitamin B6 Deficiency

Liver-specific increase of UTP and UDP-sugar concentrations in rats induced by dietary vitamin B6-deficiency and its relation to complex N-glycan structures of liver membrane-proteins

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 531-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes B. Renner ◽  
Kathrin Rieger ◽  
Detlef Grunow ◽  
Martin Zimmermann-Kordmann ◽  
Martin Gohlke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Liver Membrane ◽  
Specific Increase ◽  
Vitamin B6 Deficiency

scholarly journals Vitamin B6 Status among Vegetarians: Findings from a Population-Based Survey

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1627
Author(s):  
Paula Schorgg ◽  
Till Bärnighausen ◽  
Sabine Rohrmann ◽  
Aedin Cassidy ◽  
Nena Karavasiloglou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Vitamin B6 Deficiency ◽  
Objectively Measured

Vitamin B6 from plant foods may have lower bioavailability than vitamin B6 from animal foods, but studies on objectively measured vitamin B6 status among vegetarians compared to non-vegetarians are lacking. Thus, the vitamin B6 status among vegetarians, but also pescatarians, and flexitarians, compared to meat-eaters was assessed in the population-based NHANES study (cycles 2007–2008 and 2009–2010). Data on serum pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP) and 4-pyridoxic acid (4-PA) measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as well as dietary intakes from 24-h recalls were available for 8968 adults aged 20–80 years. Geometric mean (±standard error) PLP concentrations were 58.2 ± 6.0, 52.1 ± 3.7, 49.2 ± 4.6 and 51.0 ± 1.1 nmol/L among vegetarians, pescatarians, flexitarians, and meat-eaters. The 4-PA concentrations were 32.7 ± 4.0, 29.0 ± 2.5, 34.8 ± 5.6 and 33.0 ± 0.7, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in PLP, 4-PA, and their ratio across the groups in multivariable linear regression models. Overall, the use of vitamin B6 supplements was the strongest predictor of the vitamin B6 status, followed by the dietary vitamin B6 intake. Interestingly, several other covariates were significantly associated with vitamin B6 biomarker levels, particularly serum albumin, creatinine and alkaline phosphatase, and should be considered when assessing the vitamin B6 status. In summary, our findings suggest that a vegetarian diet does not pose a risk for vitamin B6 deficiency.

scholarly journals Association of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Vitamin B6 with Inflammation in Adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2004

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1816-1816
Author(s):  
Hyojung Kim ◽  
Evelyn Enrione ◽  
Vijaya Narayanan ◽  
Tan Li ◽  
Adriana Campa
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Plasma Ratio ◽  
Vitamin B6 Deficiency ◽  
Pufa Metabolism

Abstract Objectives Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as n-3 PUFA, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and n-6 PUFA, arachidonic acid (AA) may mediate inflammatory responses. Vitamin B6 deficiency has been shown to alter plasma PUFA levels. This perturbation of PUFA metabolism in vitamin B6 deficiency measured by pyridoxal-5’-phosphate (PLP) may contribute to inflammation. Thus, we aimed to examine the associations of 1) dietary EPA + DHA, and vitamin B6 with plasma ratio of AA/(EPA + DHA) by PLP level, 2) plasma AA/(EPA + DHA) and PLP with C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker for inflammation, and 3) dietary EPA + DHA, and vitamin B6 with CRP level, using NHANES. Methods NHANES datasets (2003–2004) with subjects ≥20 years were analyzed, accounting for survey design and sample weights (n = 4486). The significance level was P < 0.05. Covariates were age, gender, ethnicity, BMI, smoking, alcohol, total energy, dietary supplements, physical activity, and NSAIDs, depending on analyses. Multiple linear regression assessed the association of dietary EPA + DHA, and vitamin B6 with plasma ratio of AA/(EPA + DHA) by PLP level (Low: < 20 nmol/L, High: ≥20 nmol/L). Next, multivariate logistic regression predicted the associations of plasma AA/(EPA + DHA) and PLP with CRP level (Low: ≤3 mg/L, Moderate to High: > 3 mg/L); then, dietary EPA + DHA, and B6 with CRP level. Results In the low PLP level, dietary EPA + DHA was negatively associated with plasma ratio of AA/(EPA + DHA) (B = ─5.29, SE = 0.84, P = < .0001), but B6 intake was not, whereas, in the high PLP level, both dietary EPA + DHA (B = ─2.99, SE = 0.53, P = < .0001) and dietary vitamin B6 (B = ─0.21, SE = 0.04, P = 0.0001) were inversely associated with plasma AA/(EPA + DHA). Further, low PLP level was associated with greater odds of moderate to high CRP level compared to high PLP level (adjusted OR (aOR): 2.8, 95% CI: 1.93–4.04, P = < .0001), but plasma AA/(EPA + DHA) was not. In addition, both dietary EPA + DHA (aOR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.23–0.98, P = 0.04) and vitamin B6 (aOR: 0.8, 95% CI: 0.68–0.95, P = 0.009) were inversely associated with moderate to high CRP level. Conclusions Our findings show that low plasma PLP level and low vitamin B6 intake are associated with inflammation, and the relationship may be through their effect on PUFA metabolism, suggesting that increased intake of vitamin B6 and EPA and DHA may protect against inflammation. Funding Sources N/A.

scholarly journals Vitamin B6 deficiency disrupts serotonin signaling in pancreatic islets and induces gestational diabetes in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley M. Fields ◽  
Kevin Welle ◽  
Elaine S. Ho ◽  
Clementina Mesaros ◽  
Martha Susiarjo
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Serotonin Receptor ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Vitamin B6 Deficiency ◽  
Maternal Glucose

AbstractIn pancreatic islets, catabolism of tryptophan into serotonin and serotonin receptor 2B (HTR2B) activation is crucial for β-cell proliferation and maternal glucose regulation during pregnancy. Factors that reduce serotonin synthesis and perturb HTR2B signaling are associated with decreased β-cell number, impaired insulin secretion, and gestational glucose intolerance in mice. Albeit the tryptophan-serotonin pathway is dependent on vitamin B6 bioavailability, how vitamin B6 deficiency impacts β-cell proliferation during pregnancy has not been investigated. In this study, we created a vitamin B6 deficient mouse model and investigated how gestational deficiency influences maternal glucose tolerance. Our studies show that gestational vitamin B6 deficiency decreases serotonin levels in maternal pancreatic islets and reduces β-cell proliferation in an HTR2B-dependent manner. These changes were associated with glucose intolerance and insulin resistance, however insulin secretion remained intact. Our findings suggest that vitamin B6 deficiency-induced gestational glucose intolerance involves additional mechanisms that are complex and insulin independent.

scholarly journals Depression and Vegetarians: Association between Dietary Vitamin B6, B12 and Folate Intake and Global and Subcortical Brain Volumes

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1790
Author(s):  
Samuel Berkins ◽  
Helgi Birgir Schiöth ◽  
Gull Rukh
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Folate Intake ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Subcortical Brain ◽  
Depression Status

Deficiency of vitamin B6 and vitamin B12, mostly in vegetarians, is found to be associated with depression and adverse neurological function. We investigated whether vitamin B6, B12, and folate have an effect on brain structure, especially among depressed people who follow a specific diet. The study sample comprised 9426 participants from the UK Biobank cohort with a mean age of 62.4 years. A generalized linear model controlling for age, sex, body mass index, ethnicity, town send deprivation index, educational qualification, smoking, and alcohol intake was used to test the association between study groups and structural brain volumes. Depression was more prevalent, and intake of vitamin B6 and B12 was lower among vegetarians, while non-vegetarians had a lower intake of folate. Overall, no significant association was observed between vitamin B6, B12, and folate intakes and both global and subcortical brain volumes among participants with depression. However, vitamin B12 intake was positively associated with right pallidum among non-depressed participants, and a significant interaction between vitamin B12 intake and depression status on the right pallidum was observed. Also, a significant interaction between folate intake and depression status on grey matter (GM) volume and left thalamus was observed. Upon diet stratification, folate intake is associated with total brain volume and GM volume among vegetarians with depression. Furthermore, no significant associations were observed for subcortical regions. Our findings suggest that dietary intake of vitamin B6 and B12 might have an effect on brain structure. Vegetarians, particularly those who suffer from depression may benefit from supplementing their diets with vitamins B6, B12, and folate to ensure brain health. Further studies, especially with a larger sample size and longitudinal design, are needed to confirm these findings.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document