A-194 TOMM Cutoff Scores Using a Large Sample of Military Personnel

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1249-1249
Author(s):  
Felicity R Doddato ◽  
Yishi Wang ◽  
Jessica Forde ◽  
Antonio Puente
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Neuropsychological Battery ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Cutoff Scores

Abstract Objective The purpose of this study is to investigate the TOMM cutoff scores obtained in a large sample of military personnel. This study examines the traditional scores and proposes potential new ways to classify malingering using confidence intervals. Method The TOMM was administered as part of a neuropsychological battery a total of 1110 times, with the majority being one time. The battery contained 18 demographic variables and 15 neuropsychological tests. Participants were referred by military neurologists and medical officers for evaluation. Individuals had an initial clinical interview with a neuropsychologist prior to the battery being administered. Results TOMM scores from this sample ranged from 9 to 50. The majority of participants (N = 621, 79.60%) scored between 45 and 50. 26 participants (3.32%) received a 45, and 27 participants (3.46%) received a 44. Confidence intervals using means were calculated for each trial (95% CI [43.81, 44.74], [47.53, 48.28], 47.25, 48.10], respectively). The confidence interval for the average of all three trials was determined as well (95% CI [46.16, 46.95]). Conclusions These findings provide a description of the use of the TOMM with a large military sample. Further, the use of a confidence interval was added to provide a more robust assessment of effort. Future research should consider fitting scores to a probability distribution to determine the likelihood each participant is malingering based on the score they receive.

Confidence Intervals After Variance Stabilization May Go Head-to-Head with Exact Confidence Intervals: A New Class of Illustrations

2021 ◽  
pp. 000806832110511
Author(s):  
Nitis Mukhopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
New Class ◽  
Variance Stabilization ◽  
Subject Classifications ◽  
Coverage Probabilities ◽  
Exact Confidence Intervals ◽  
Exact Calculations ◽  
Better Than

We begin with an overview on variance stabilizing transformations (VST) along with three classical examples for completeness: the arcsine, square-root and Fisher's z-transformations (Examples 1–3). Then, we construct three new examples (Examples 4–6) of VST-based and central limit theorem (CLT)’based large-sample confidence interval methodologies. These are special examples in the sense that in each situation, we also have an exact confidence interval procedure for the parameter of interest. Tables 1–3 obtained exclusively under Examples 4–6 via exact calculations show that the VST-based (a) large-sample confidence interval methodology wins over the CLT-based large-sample confidence interval methodology, (b) confidence intervals’ exact coverage probabilities are better than or nearly same as those associated with the exact confidence intervals and (c) intervals are never wider (in the log-scale) than the CLT-based intervals across the board. A possibility of such a surprising behaviour of the VST-based confidence intervals over the exact intervals was not on our radar when we began this investigation. Indeed the VST-based inference methodologies may do extremely well, much more so than the existing literature reveals as evidenced by the new Examples 4–6. AMS subject classifications: 62E20; 62F25; 62F12

Concerning large sample tests and confidence intervals for mortality rates

1952 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 104-114
Author(s):  
John E. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Significance Tests ◽  
Mortality Study ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Extra Effort ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Insurance Data ◽  
Study Application

In reference(1), some large sample significance tests and confidence intervals for mortality rates were presented. These results appear to be valid for the usual type of insurance data. Also, for an ordinary mortality study, application of a test or confidence interval does not require much additional work. This paper presents a review of reference (1) along with a discussion of the concepts involved. More extensive tables of significance tests and confidence intervals are included in this paper.To apply the results of (1), the data must be subdivided according to the first letter of the surname of the person insured. According to present practice, such information is not recorded for a mortality study. Since this recording requires little extra effort at the initial stage of an investigation, however, such information could easily be incorporated into future mortality studies.

Siblings and Illness

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Sawyer Vanderwerp
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Using Data

Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-Mother and Child samples, I investigated the relationships among child and adolescent depressive symptoms, having a chronically ill sibling, and other child and familial demographic variables. From research on social support and social role transitions, with the Stress Process as a theoretical model, I hypothesized that children with chronically ill siblings experience more depressive symptoms. Specifically, I looked at age, gender, birth order and family size as potentially reducing the effect size of having a chronically ill sibling. Findings showed that having a chronically ill sibling is associated with demonstrating more depressive symptoms both in the bivariate and multivariate analyses. Although age, gender, birth order and family size do not interact significantly with having a chronically ill sibling in predicting depressive symptoms, they do present interesting findings about childhood depressive symptoms in general. Thus, the results of this study suggest specific and meaningful paths for future research.

scholarly journals Workaholism in Korea: Prevalence and Socio-Demographic Differences

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudol Kang
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Demographic Differences ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Work Addiction ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Nationally Representative

This study has two objectives – to provide a Korean form of the workaholism analysis questionnaire, and to analyze workaholic tendencies in South Korea by using a nationally representative data. Using 4,242 samples (2,497 men and 1,745 women), exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to develop a Korean form (K-WAQ). The four-factor structure of K-WAQ in this study seemed to adequately represent the underlying dimensions of work addiction in Korea. The study also analyzed the prevalence of workaholism among Koreans and its differences according to socio-demographic variables. Both mean difference analyses and logistic regressions were conducted. The overall result indicated that the prevalence of workaholism in Korea can be estimated to be 39.7% of the employees. The workaholic tendencies in Korea differ significantly according to gender, age, work hours, and voluntariness of choosing employment type. Practical as well as theoretical implications and future research directions are discussed.

Empirical Nonparametric Bootstrap Strategies in Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping: Conditioning on the Genetic Model

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 525-535
Author(s):  
Claude M Lebreton ◽  
Peter M Visscher
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Nonparametric Bootstrap ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Trait Loci

AbstractSeveral nonparametric bootstrap methods are tested to obtain better confidence intervals for the quantitative trait loci (QTL) positions, i.e., with minimal width and unbiased coverage probability. Two selective resampling schemes are proposed as a means of conditioning the bootstrap on the number of genetic factors in our model inferred from the original data. The selection is based on criteria related to the estimated number of genetic factors, and only the retained bootstrapped samples will contribute a value to the empirically estimated distribution of the QTL position estimate. These schemes are compared with a nonselective scheme across a range of simple configurations of one QTL on a one-chromosome genome. In particular, the effect of the chromosome length and the relative position of the QTL are examined for a given experimental power, which determines the confidence interval size. With the test protocol used, it appears that the selective resampling schemes are either unbiased or least biased when the QTL is situated near the middle of the chromosome. When the QTL is closer to one end, the likelihood curve of its position along the chromosome becomes truncated, and the nonselective scheme then performs better inasmuch as the percentage of estimated confidence intervals that actually contain the real QTL's position is closer to expectation. The nonselective method, however, produces larger confidence intervals. Hence, we advocate use of the selective methods, regardless of the QTL position along the chromosome (to reduce confidence interval sizes), but we leave the problem open as to how the method should be altered to take into account the bias of the original estimate of the QTL's position.

Latent Structure of a Brief Clinical Battery of Neuropsychological Tests Administered In-Home Via Telephone

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Matchanova ◽  
Michelle A Babicz ◽  
Luis D Medina ◽  
Samina Rahman ◽  
Briana Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Neuropsychological Battery ◽  
Memory And Attention ◽  
Sociodemographic Correlates ◽  
List Learning ◽  
Trail Making

Abstract Objective To examine the factor structure and sociodemographic correlates of a battery of clinical neuropsychological tests administered in-home and via telephone. Method Participants included 280 healthy adults who completed a 35–40 min battery consisting of seven auditory-verbal neuropsychological tests (i.e., 10 variables) that included digit span, list learning and memory, prospective memory, verbal fluency, and oral trail making. Results After removing oral trail making part A, a three-factor model comprised of executive functions, memory and attention demonstrated the best fit to the data. Nevertheless, the shared variance between the nine remaining neuropsychological variables was also adequately explained by a single-factor model and a two-factor model comprised of executive functions and memory. Factor scores were variably associated with education, race/ethnicity, and IQ, but not with sex or age. Conclusions Findings provide preliminary support for the feasibility and factor structure and sociodemographic correlates of a brief telephone-based screening neuropsychological battery comprised mostly of commonly administered clinical measures. Future studies are needed to determine the test–retest reliability, sensitivity, and ecological relevance of this battery, as well as equivalency to in-person assessment.

Investigating Race-related Stress, Burnout, and Secondary Traumatic Stress for Black Mental Health Therapists

2021 ◽  
pp. 009579842110339
Author(s):  
E Mackenzie Shell ◽  
Daniel Teodorescu ◽  
Lauren D. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Secondary Traumatic Stress ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mental Health Therapists ◽  
Quality Of Life Scale ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Race Related Stress ◽  
Black Mental Health

The present study examines the relationships among burnout, secondary traumatic stress (STS), and race-related stress among a national sample of 250 Black mental health therapists (counselors, social workers, psychologists, and marriage and family therapists). We investigated the predictive nature of the three subscales (Individual Racism, Cultural Racism, and Institutional Racism) of the Index of Race-Related Stress–Brief Version (IRRS-B) and selected demographic variables on therapists’ reports of burnout and STS assessed on the Professional Quality of Life Scale–Version 5 (ProQOL-5). All three forms of race-related stress significantly predicted both burnout and STS for Black mental health therapists. Of the demographic variables, hours worked per week significantly predicted burnout and STS. Additionally, highest degree obtained significantly predicted STS for Black mental health therapists. The utility of these findings in understanding the connections among race-related stress, burnout, and STS are discussed as well as directions for future research.

scholarly journals Patients’ Perspectives about Lifestyle Behaviors and Health in the Context of Family Medicine: A Cross-Sectional Study in Portugal

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2981
Author(s):  
Rosália Páscoa ◽  
Andreia Teixeira ◽  
Micaela Gregório ◽  
Rosa Carvalho ◽  
Carlos Martins
Keyword(s):  
Family Medicine ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Family

Lifestyle interventions are recognized as essential in the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases. Previous studies have shown that Portuguese patients tend to give more importance to diagnostic and laboratory tests than to lifestyle measures, and seem unaware that behavioral risks are the main modifiable risk factors. The study aimed to analyze patients’ perspectives about lifestyle behaviors and health in the context of family medicine in Portugal. A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Portugal (the mainland). A total of 900 Portuguese patients aged ≥20 years, representative of the population, were surveyed using face-to-face questionnaires. Participants were selected by the random route method. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests were performed to evaluate differences between the personal beliefs and the personal behavior self-assessment, as well as between the level of importance given to the family doctor to address health behaviors and the reported approach implemented by the family doctor, and its association with bio-demographic variables. The results indicate that the vast majority of this Portuguese cohort has informed beliefs regarding lifestyle behaviors, tends to overestimate their own behavior self-assessment, and strongly agrees that it is important that their family doctor asks/advises on these lifestyle behaviors, although the proportion of those who totally agree that their family doctor usually does this is significantly lower. Differences concerning bio-demographic variables were found. Future research directions should focus on the politics, economics, and policy aspects that may have an impact in this area. It will also be important to understand more broadly the relationships between lifestyle behaviors and clinical, physical, and sociodemographic variables.

Alcohol and Multiple Drug Abuse in Accused Murderers

1983 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Holcomb ◽  
Wayne P. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Drinking Alcohol ◽  
Capital Murder ◽  
Alcohol And Other Drugs

The effects of alcohol and multiple drug abuse on violent behavior were studied with a sample of 110 men charged with first degree or capital murder. Subjects were divided into four groups based upon whether they were sober, drinking alcohol, using alcohol and other drugs in combination, or whether they were abusing only non-alcoholic drugs at the time of the murder. These four groups were compared on 15 sociological, behavioral, and demographic variables. Nine of these variables significantly differentiated the groups. Recommendations for intervention and future research are made.

The Mediating Effect of English Self-efficacy on the Relationships between Motivation to Learn, Intention to Share Knowledge, and Job Performance Among Military Personnel

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Siti Haizam Mohd Zin ◽  
Mohammad Nazri
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Motivation To Learn ◽  
The Relationship

Extensive research on the relationship between employees' use of English in the workplace and their job performance has revealed that the use of English at work leads to increased job performance and positive interactions among staff. In relation to this, a good command of English among military staff, especially officers, is of great importance to the Armed Forces, as military personnel often serve abroad and need to be proficient in communicating their instructions and orders to a foreign team. Previous research has also shown that self-efficacy is a significant predictor of job performance; however, the role of self-efficacy in learning English language skills has not been widely explored as mediator in the relationship between motivation to learn, intention to share knowledge, and job performance. Therefore, this paper aims to develop a conceptual framework that can be used to improve the understanding of English self-efficacy and its relationship with employees’ motivation to learn, intention to share knowledge, and capability to complete a given task. This framework informs and guides future research that will test the hypothesized relationships. The findings would assist the English Department of the Education Directorate of the Malaysian Armed Forces to design or revise military training syllabi and approaches.

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